Teks -- 2 Kings 22:1-20 (NET)
Nama Orang, Nama Tempat, Topik/Tema Kamus
kecilkan semuaTafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)
The secretary of state.
Wesley: 2Ki 22:8 - The book That original book of the law of the Lord, given or written by the hand of Moses, as it is expressed, 2Ch 34:14, which by God's command was put beside...
That original book of the law of the Lord, given or written by the hand of Moses, as it is expressed, 2Ch 34:14, which by God's command was put beside the ark, Deu 31:26, and probably taken from thence and hid, by the care of some godly priest, when some of the idolatrous kings of Judah persecuted the true religion, and defaced the temple, and (which the Jewish writers affirm) burnt all the copies of God's law which they could find. It was now found among the rubbish, or in some secret place.
Wesley: 2Ki 22:11 - The words The dreadful comminations against them for the sins still reigning among the people. If Josiah had seen and read it before, which seems more probable,...
The dreadful comminations against them for the sins still reigning among the people. If Josiah had seen and read it before, which seems more probable, yet the great reverence which he justly bare to the original book, and the strange, and remarkable, and seasonable finding of it, had awakened and quickened him to a more serious and diligent consideration of all the passages contained in it. And what a providence was this, that it was still preserved! Yea, what a providence, that the whole book of God is preserved to us. If the holy scriptures had not been of God, they had not been in being at this day. God's care of the bible, is a plain proof of his interest in it. It was a great instance of God's favour, that the book of the law was thus seasonably brought to light, to direct and quicken that blessed reformation, which Joash had begun. And it is observable, they were about a good work, repairing the temple, when it was found. They that do their duty according to their knowledge, shall have their knowledge increased.
Wesley: 2Ki 22:13 - Enquire What we shall do to appease his wrath, and whether the curses here threatened must come upon us without remedy, or whether there be hope in Israel con...
What we shall do to appease his wrath, and whether the curses here threatened must come upon us without remedy, or whether there be hope in Israel concerning the prevention of them.
Wesley: 2Ki 22:14 - Huldah The king's earnest affection required great haste; and she was in Jerusalem, which is therefore noted in the following part of the verse, when Jeremia...
The king's earnest affection required great haste; and she was in Jerusalem, which is therefore noted in the following part of the verse, when Jeremiah might at this time be at Anathoth, or in some more remote part of the kingdom; and the like may be said of Zephaniah, who also might not be a prophet at this time, though he was afterward, in the days of Josiah.
Wesley: 2Ki 22:14 - College Where the sons of the prophets, or others, who devoted themselves to the study of God's word, used to meet and discourse of the things of God, and rec...
Where the sons of the prophets, or others, who devoted themselves to the study of God's word, used to meet and discourse of the things of God, and receive the instructions of their teachers.
She uses no compliments.
Wesley: 2Ki 22:15 - Tell the man that sent you Even kings, though gods to us, are men to God, and shall be so dealt with: for with him there is no respect of persons.
Even kings, though gods to us, are men to God, and shall be so dealt with: for with him there is no respect of persons.
Gods made with hands.
Wesley: 2Ki 22:19 - Tender He trembled at God's word. He was grieved for the dishonour done to God by the sins of his people. He was afraid of the judgments of God, which he saw...
He trembled at God's word. He was grieved for the dishonour done to God by the sins of his people. He was afraid of the judgments of God, which he saw coming on Jerusalem. This is tenderness of heart.
Wesley: 2Ki 22:20 - In peace That is, in a time of public peace: for otherwise he died in battle. Besides, he died in peace with God, and was by death translated to everlasting pe...
That is, in a time of public peace: for otherwise he died in battle. Besides, he died in peace with God, and was by death translated to everlasting peace.
JFB: 2Ki 22:1-2 - Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign Happier than his grandfather Manasseh, he seems to have fallen during his minority under the care of better guardians, who trained him in the principl...
Happier than his grandfather Manasseh, he seems to have fallen during his minority under the care of better guardians, who trained him in the principles and practice of piety; and so strongly had his young affections been enlisted on the side of true and undefiled religion, that he continued to adhere all his life, with undeviating perseverance, to the cause of God and righteousness.
JFB: 2Ki 22:3-4 - in the eighteenth year of king Josiah Previous to this period, he had commenced the work of national reformation. The preliminary steps had been already taken; not only the builders were e...
Previous to this period, he had commenced the work of national reformation. The preliminary steps had been already taken; not only the builders were employed, but money had been brought by all the people and received by the Levites at the door, and various other preparations had been made. But the course of this narrative turns on one interesting incident which happened in the eighteenth year of Josiah's reign, and hence that date is specified. In fact the whole land was thoroughly purified from every object and all traces of idolatry. The king now addressed himself to the repair and embellishment of the temple and gave directions to Hilkiah the high priest to take a general survey, in order to ascertain what was necessary to be done (see on 2Ch 34:8-15).
JFB: 2Ki 22:8-11 - Hilkiah said . . . I have found the book of the law in the house of the Lord, &c. That is, the law of Moses, the Pentateuch. It was the temple copy which, had been laid (Deu 31:25-26) beside the ark in the most holy place. During th...
That is, the law of Moses, the Pentateuch. It was the temple copy which, had been laid (Deu 31:25-26) beside the ark in the most holy place. During the ungodly reigns of Manasseh and Amon--or perhaps under Ahaz, when the temple itself had been profaned by idols, and the ark also (2Ch 35:3) removed from its site; it was somehow lost, and was now found again during the repair of the temple [KEIL]. Delivered by Hilkiah the discoverer to Shaphan the scribe [2Ki 22:8], it was by the latter shown and read to the king. It is thought, with great probability, that the passage read to the king, and by which the royal mind was so greatly excited, was a portion of Deuteronomy, the twenty-eighth, twenty-ninth, and thirtieth chapters, in which is recorded a renewal of the national covenant, and an enumeration of the terrible threats and curses denounced against all who violated the law, whether prince or people. The impressions of grief and terror which the reading produced on the mind of Josiah have seemed to many unaccountable. But, as it is certain from the extensive and familiar knowledge displayed by the prophets, that there were numbers of other copies in popular circulation, the king must have known its sacred contents in some degree. But he might have been a stranger to the passage read him, or the reading of it might, in the peculiar circumstances, have found a way to his heart in a manner that he never felt before. His strong faith in the divine word, and his painful consciousness that the woeful and long-continued apostasies of the nation had exposed them to the infliction of the judgments denounced, must have come with overwhelming force on the heart of so pious a prince.
JFB: 2Ki 22:12-15 - the king commanded . . . Go, inquire of the Lord for me, &c. The agitated feelings of the king prompted him to ask immediate counsel how to avert those curses under which his kingdom lay; and forthwith a deputat...
The agitated feelings of the king prompted him to ask immediate counsel how to avert those curses under which his kingdom lay; and forthwith a deputation of his principal officers was sent to one endowed with the prophetic spirit.
A friend of Jeremiah (Jer 26:24).
JFB: 2Ki 22:14 - Achbor Or Abdon (2Ch 34:20), a man of influence at court (Jer 26:22). The occasion was urgent, and therefore they were sent--not to Zephaniah (Zep 1:1), who ...
Or Abdon (2Ch 34:20), a man of influence at court (Jer 26:22). The occasion was urgent, and therefore they were sent--not to Zephaniah (Zep 1:1), who was perhaps young--nor to Jeremiah, who was probably absent at his house in Anathoth, but to one who was at hand and known for her prophetic gifts--to Huldah, who was probably at this time a widow. Her husband Shallum was grandson of one Harhas, "keeper of the wardrobe." If this means the priestly wardrobe, [Harhas] must have been a Levite. But it probably refers to the royal wardrobe.
JFB: 2Ki 22:14 - she dwelt . . . in the college Rather, "in the Misnah," taking the original word as a proper name, not a school or college, but a particular suburb of Jerusalem. She was held in suc...
Rather, "in the Misnah," taking the original word as a proper name, not a school or college, but a particular suburb of Jerusalem. She was held in such veneration that Jewish writers say she and Jehoiada the priest were the only persons not of the house of David (2Ch 24:15-16) who were ever buried in Jerusalem.
JFB: 2Ki 22:15-20 - she said unto them, Thus saith the Lord God of Israel, Tell the man that sent you to me On being consulted, she delivered an oracular response in which judgment was blended with mercy; for it announced the impending calamities that at no ...
On being consulted, she delivered an oracular response in which judgment was blended with mercy; for it announced the impending calamities that at no distant period were to overtake the city and its inhabitants. But at the same time the king was consoled with an assurance that this season of punishment and sorrow should not be during his lifetime, on account of the faith, penitence, and pious zeal for the divine glory and worship which, in his public capacity and with his royal influence, he had displayed.
Clarke: 2Ki 22:1 - Josiah was eight years old Josiah was eight years old - He was one of the best, if not the best, of all the Jewish kings since the time of David. He began well, continued well...
Josiah was eight years old - He was one of the best, if not the best, of all the Jewish kings since the time of David. He began well, continued well, and ended well.
Clarke: 2Ki 22:4 - That he may sum the silver That he may sum the silver - As Josiah began to seek the Lord as soon as he began to reign, we may naturally conclude that the worship of God that w...
That he may sum the silver - As Josiah began to seek the Lord as soon as he began to reign, we may naturally conclude that the worship of God that was neglected and suppressed by his father, was immediately restored; and the people began their accustomed offerings to the temple. Ten years therefore had elapsed since these offerings began; no one had, as yet, taken account of them; nor were they applied to the use for which they were given, viz., the repairing the breaches of the temple.
Clarke: 2Ki 22:8 - I have found the book of the law I have found the book of the law - Was this the autograph of Moses? It is very probable that it was, for in the parallel place; 2Ch 34:14, it is sai...
I have found the book of the law - Was this the autograph of Moses? It is very probable that it was, for in the parallel place; 2Ch 34:14, it is said to be the book of the law of the Lord by Moses. It is supposed to be that part of Deuteronomy (28, 29, 30, and 31), which contains the renewing of the covenant in the plains of Moab, and which contains the most terrible invectives against the corrupters of God’ s word and worship
The rabbins say that Ahaz, Manasseh, and Amon endeavored to destroy all the copies of the law, and this only was saved by having been buried under a paving-stone. It is scarcely reasonable to suppose that this was the only copy of the law that was found in Judea; for even if we grant that Ahaz, Manasseh, and Amon had endeavored to destroy all the books of the law, yet they could not have succeeded so as to destroy the whole. Besides, Manasseh endeavored after his conversion to restore every part of the Divine worship, and in this he could have done nothing without the Pentateuch; and the succeeding reign of Amon was too short to give him opportunity to undo every thing that his penitent father had reformed. Add to all these considerations, that in the time of Jehoshaphat teaching from the law was universal in the land, for he set on foot an itinerant ministry, in order to instruct the people fully: for "he sent to his princes to teach in the cities of Judah; and with them he sent Levites and priests; and they went about through all the cities of Judah, and taught the people, having the book of the Lord with them;"see 2Ch 17:7-9. And if there be any thing wanting to show the improbability of the thing, it must be this, that the transactions mentioned here took place in the eighteenth year of the reign of Josiah, who had, from the time he came to the throne, employed himself in the restoration of the pure worship of God; and it is not likely that during these eighteen years he was without a copy of the Pentateuch. The simple fact seems to be this, that this was the original of the covenant renewed by Moses with the people in the plains of Moab, and which he ordered to be laid up beside the ark; (Deu 31:26); and now being unexpectedly found, its antiquity, the occasion of its being made, the present circumstances of the people, the imperfect state in which the reformation was as yet, after all that had been done, would all concur to produce the effect here mentioned on the mind of the pious Josiah.
Clarke: 2Ki 22:14 - Went unto Huldah the prophetess Went unto Huldah the prophetess - This is a most singular circumstance: At this time Jeremiah was certainly a prophet in Israel, but it is likely he...
Went unto Huldah the prophetess - This is a most singular circumstance: At this time Jeremiah was certainly a prophet in Israel, but it is likely he now dwelt at Anathoth and could not be readily consulted; Zephaniah also prophesied under this reign, but probably he had not yet begun; Hilkiah was high priest, and the priest’ s lips should retain knowledge. Shaphan was scribe, and must have been conversant in sacred affairs to have been at all fit for his office; and yet Huldah, a prophetess, of whom we know nothing but by this circumstance, is consulted on the meaning of the book of the law; for the secret of the Lord was neither with Hilkiah the high priest, Shaphan the scribe, nor any other of the servants of the king, or ministers of the temple! We find from this, and we have many facts in all ages to corroborate it, that a pontiff, a pope, a bishop, or a priest, may, in some cases, not possess the true knowledge of God; and that a simple woman, possessing the life of God in her soul, may have more knowledge of the Divine testimonies than many of those whose office it is to explain and enforce them
On this subject Dr. Priestley in his note makes the following very judicious remark: -
"It pleased God to distinguish several women with the spirit of prophecy, as well as other great attainments, to show that in his sight, and especially in things of a spiritual nature, there is no essential pre-eminence in the male sex, though in some things the female be subject to the male."
Clarke: 2Ki 22:17 - My wrath shall be kindled My wrath shall be kindled - The decree is gone forth; Jerusalem shall be delivered into the hands of its enemies; the people will revolt more and mo...
My wrath shall be kindled - The decree is gone forth; Jerusalem shall be delivered into the hands of its enemies; the people will revolt more and more; towards them longsuffering is useless; the wrath of God is kindled, and shall not be quenched. This was a dreadful message.
Clarke: 2Ki 22:19 - Because thine heart was tender Because thine heart was tender - Because thou hast feared the Lord, and trembled at his word and hast wept before me, I have heard thee, so far that...
Because thine heart was tender - Because thou hast feared the Lord, and trembled at his word and hast wept before me, I have heard thee, so far that these evils shall not come upon the land in thy lifetime.
Clarke: 2Ki 22:20 - Thou shalt be gathered into thy grave in peace Thou shalt be gathered into thy grave in peace - During thy life none of these calamities shall fall upon the people, and no adversary shall be perm...
Thou shalt be gathered into thy grave in peace - During thy life none of these calamities shall fall upon the people, and no adversary shall be permitted to disturb the peace of Judea, and thou shalt die in peace with God. But was Josiah gathered to the grave in peace? Is it not said, 2Ki 23:29, that Pharaoh-nechoh slew him at Megiddo? On this we may remark, that the Assyrians and the Jews were at peace; that Josiah might feel it his duty to oppose the Egyptian king going against his friend and ally, and endeavor to prevent him from passing through his territories; and that in his endeavors to oppose him he was mortally wounded at Megiddo: but certainly was not killed there; for his servants put him in his second chariot and brought him to Jerusalem, where he died in peace. See 2Ch 35:24. So that, however we take the place here, we shall find that the words of Huldah were true: he did die in peace, and was gathered to his fathers in peace
From the account in the above chapter, where we have this business detailed, we find that Josiah should not have meddled in the quarrel between the Egyptian and the Assyrian kings, for God had given a commission to the former against the latter; but he did it in error, and suffered for it. But this unfortunate end of this pious man does not at all impeach the credit of Huldah; he died in peace in his own kingdom. He died in peace with God, and there was neither war nor desolation in his land: nor did the king of Egypt proceed any farther against the Jews during his life; for he said, "What have I to do with thee, thou king of Judah? I come not against thee, but the house wherewith I have war; for God commanded me to make haste: forbear then from meddling with God, who is with me, that he destroy thee not. Nevertheless, Josiah would not turn his face from him, and hearkened not to the words of Nechoh, from the mouth of God. And the archers shot at King Josiah: and the king said, Bear me away, for I am sore wounded. And his servants took him out of that chariot, and put him in the second chariot, and they brought him to Jerusalem, and he died and was buried in the sepulcher of his fathers;"2Ch 35:21-24
It seems as if the Egyptian king had brought his troops by sea to Caesarea, and wished to cross the Jordan about the southern point of the sea of Tiberias, that he might get as speedily as possible into the Assyrian dependencies; and that he took this road, for God, as he said, had commanded him to make haste.
Defender: 2Ki 22:11 - heard the words of the book For the fifty-five years of Manasseh's evil reign, the Scriptures had been ignored and all but forgotten. Nevertheless, "the Word of God is quick, and...
For the fifty-five years of Manasseh's evil reign, the Scriptures had been ignored and all but forgotten. Nevertheless, "the Word of God is quick, and powerful, and sharper than any two-edged sword" (Heb 4:12). When it is read or heard with a sincere heart, it will change the life, for "by the law is the knowledge of sin" (Rom 3:20).
Defender: 2Ki 22:11 - rent his clothes Evidently Josiah had not previously read the inspired words of Moses before this lost copy of the Pentateuch was found hidden in the temple. His wicke...
Evidently Josiah had not previously read the inspired words of Moses before this lost copy of the Pentateuch was found hidden in the temple. His wicked grandfather, King Manasseh, had done all he could to stamp out the worship of Jehovah in Israel, no doubt trying to destroy as many copies of the Scriptures as he could find. God has always preserved His Word, however, and some faithful scribe or priest had hidden this particular copy somewhere in the temple where it could be preserved until it was finally rediscovered by Hilkiah the high priest when the temple was being renovated at Josiah's orders. Even though Josiah had not previously seen the Scriptures himself, he had evidently been instructed therein to some degree by faithful priests, so that he had desired while still young to restore the temple and its worship. Undoubtedly other copies of the Scriptures had also been preserved at various locations in Judah. When Josiah saw the book himself, however, and realized that God had kept it safe in the temple all those years, he was profoundly moved and the great revival under his leadership was the result."
TSK: 2Ki 22:1 - Josiah // eight years old // Boscath am 3363-3394, bc 641-610
Josiah : This prince was one of the best, if not the best, of all the Jewish kings since the time of David. He began well, c...
am 3363-3394, bc 641-610
Josiah : This prince was one of the best, if not the best, of all the Jewish kings since the time of David. He began well, continued well, and ended well. 1Ki 13:2; 2Ch 34:1, 2-33; Jer 1:2; Zep 1:1; Mat 1:10, Josias
eight years old : 2Ki 11:21, 2Ki 21:1; Psa 8:2; Ecc 10:16; Isa 3:4
Boscath : This was a city in the plain country of the tribe of Judah; and is mentioned in the parallel passage along with Lachish and Eglon. Jos 15:39, Bozkath
TSK: 2Ki 22:2 - right // walked // turned right : 2Ki 16:2, 2Ki 18:3; 2Ch 17:3, 2Ch 29:2; Pro 20:11
walked : 1Ki 3:6, 1Ki 11:38, 1Ki 15:5
turned : Deu 5:32; Jos 1:7; Pro 4:27; Eze 18:14-17
am 3380, bc 642
in the : 2Ch 34:3-8, 9-33
TSK: 2Ki 22:4 - Hilkiah // that he may // sum the silver // the keepers // door Hilkiah : 1Ch 6:13, 1Ch 9:11; 2Ch 34:9-18
that he may : Ten years seem to have elapsed since the people began to present the accustomed offerings; yet...
Hilkiah : 1Ch 6:13, 1Ch 9:11; 2Ch 34:9-18
that he may : Ten years seem to have elapsed since the people began to present the accustomed offerings; yet no one had taken an account of them, nor were they applied to the purpose for which they were given.
sum the silver : 2Ki 12:4, 2Ki 12:8-11; 2Ch 24:8-12; Mar 12:41, Mar 12:42
the keepers : 1Ch 9:19, 1Ch 26:13-19; 2Ch 8:14; Neh 11:19; Psa 84:10
door : Heb. threshold
TSK: 2Ki 22:5 - deliver // to repair deliver : 2Ki 12:11-14
to repair : 2Ki 12:5; 2Ch 24:7, 2Ch 24:12, 2Ch 24:13, 2Ch 24:27; Ezr 3:7
TSK: 2Ki 22:6 - carpenters // builders // masons carpenters : or, artificers, Exo 28:11, Exo 35:35, Exo 38:23
builders : 2Ki 12:11; Gen 4:17; 1Ki 5:18, 1Ki 6:12
masons : or, repairers of the wall, 2K...
TSK: 2Ki 22:7 - Howbeit // they dealt faithfully Howbeit : 2Ki 12:15; 2Ch 24:14
they dealt faithfully : Exo 36:5, Exo 36:6; Neh 7:2; Pro 28:20; Luk 16:10-12; 1Co 4:2; 2Co 8:20, 2Co 8:21; 2Ti 2:2; 3Jo...
TSK: 2Ki 22:8 - I have found I have found : This certainly was a genuine copy of the divine law, and probably the autograph of Moses, as it is said, in the parallel place of Chron...
I have found : This certainly was a genuine copy of the divine law, and probably the autograph of Moses, as it is said, in the parallel place of Chronicles, to be the book of the law of the Lord by Moses. It is not probable that this was the only copy of the law in the land, or that Josiah had never before seen the book of Moses; but the fact seems to be, that this was the original of the covenant renewed by Moses in the plains of Moab, and now being unexpectedly found, its antiquity, the occasion of its being made, the present circumstances of the people, the imperfect state in which the reformation was as yet, after all that had been done, would all concur to produce the effect here mentioned on the mind of the pious Josiah. Deu 31:24-26; 2Ch 34:14, 2Ch 34:15-28
TSK: 2Ki 22:9 - Shaphan // the scribe // gathered Shaphan : 2Ki 22:3, 2Ki 22:12, 2Ki 25:22; Jer 26:24, Jer 29:3, Jer 36:10-12, Jer 39:14, Jer 40:11, Jer 41:2; Eze 8:11
the scribe : 2Ki 18:18
gathered ...
TSK: 2Ki 22:10 - Shaphan // the king Shaphan : Deu 31:9-13; 2Ch 34:18; Neh 8:1-7, Neh 8:14, Neh 8:15, Neh 8:18, Neh 13:1; Jer 36:6, Jer 36:15, Jer 36:21
the king : Deu 17:18-20; Jer 13:18...
TSK: 2Ki 22:11 - that he rent that he rent : 2Ki 22:19; 2Ch 34:19; Jer 36:24; Joe 2:13; Jon 3:6, Jon 3:7
TSK: 2Ki 22:12 - the king // Ahikam // Achbor // Michaiah the king : 2Ki 19:2, 2Ki 19:3; 2Ch 34:19-21; Isa 37:1-4
Ahikam : 2Ki 22:9; Jer 26:22, Jer 26:24
Achbor : 2Ch 34:20, Abdon
Michaiah : or, Micah
the king : 2Ki 19:2, 2Ki 19:3; 2Ch 34:19-21; Isa 37:1-4
Ahikam : 2Ki 22:9; Jer 26:22, Jer 26:24
Achbor : 2Ch 34:20, Abdon
Michaiah : or, Micah
TSK: 2Ki 22:13 - inquire // great // because our fathers inquire : 2Ki 3:11; 1Ki 22:7, 1Ki 22:8; 1Ch 10:13, 1Ch 10:14; Psa 25:14; Pro 3:6; Jer 21:1, Jer 21:2, Jer 37:17; Eze 14:3, Eze 14:4, Eze 20:1-3; Amo 3...
inquire : 2Ki 3:11; 1Ki 22:7, 1Ki 22:8; 1Ch 10:13, 1Ch 10:14; Psa 25:14; Pro 3:6; Jer 21:1, Jer 21:2, Jer 37:17; Eze 14:3, Eze 14:4, Eze 20:1-3; Amo 3:7
great : Exo 20:5; Deu 4:23-27, Deu 29:23-28, Deu 31:17, Deu 31:18; Neh 8:8, Neh 8:9, Neh 9:3; Psa 76:7; Dan 9:5-7; Nah 1:6; Rom 3:20, Rom 4:15, Rom 7:9; Rev 6:17
because our fathers : 2Ch 29:6, 2Ch 34:21; Psa 106:6; Jer 16:12, Jer 44:17; Lam 5:7; Dan 9:8, Dan 9:10; Jam 1:22-25
TSK: 2Ki 22:14 - prophetess // Tikvah // wardrobe // college prophetess : Exo 15:20; Jdg 4:4; Mic 6:4; Luke 1:41-56, Luk 2:36; Act 21:9; 1Co 11:5
Tikvah : 2Ch 34:22, Tikvath, Hasrah
wardrobe : Heb. garments, 2Ki...
TSK: 2Ki 22:16 - Behold // all the words Behold : 2Ki 20:17, 2Ki 21:12, 2Ki 21:13; 2Ch 34:24, 2Ch 34:25
all the words : 2Ki 25:1-4; Lev. 26:15-46; Deut. 28:15-68, Deu 29:18-23, Deu 30:17, Deu...
Behold : 2Ki 20:17, 2Ki 21:12, 2Ki 21:13; 2Ch 34:24, 2Ch 34:25
all the words : 2Ki 25:1-4; Lev. 26:15-46; Deut. 28:15-68, Deu 29:18-23, Deu 30:17, Deu 30:18, Deu 31:16-18; Deu 32:15-26; Jos 23:13, Jos 23:15; Dan 9:11-14
TSK: 2Ki 22:17 - have forsaken // the works // therefore // shall not be have forsaken : Exo 32:34; Deu 29:24-28, Deu 32:15-19; Jdg 2:12-14, Jdg 3:7, Jdg 3:8, Jdg 10:6, Jdg 10:7, Jdg 10:10-14; 1Ki 9:6-9; Neh 9:26, Neh 9:27;...
have forsaken : Exo 32:34; Deu 29:24-28, Deu 32:15-19; Jdg 2:12-14, Jdg 3:7, Jdg 3:8, Jdg 10:6, Jdg 10:7, Jdg 10:10-14; 1Ki 9:6-9; Neh 9:26, Neh 9:27; Psa 106:35-42; Jer 2:11-13, Jer 2:27, Jer 2:28
the works : Psa 115:4-8; Isa 2:8, Isa 2:9, Isa 44:17-20, Isa 46:5-8; Mic 5:13
therefore : 1Th 2:16
shall not be : Deu 32:22; 2Ch 36:16; Isa 33:14; Jer 7:20, Jer 17:27; Eze 20:47, Eze 20:48; Zep 1:18
TSK: 2Ki 22:18 - the king // thus shall ye the king : 2Ch 34:26-28
thus shall ye : Isa 3:10; Mal 3:16, Mal 3:17
the king : 2Ch 34:26-28
TSK: 2Ki 22:19 - thine heart // humbled // a desolation // hast rent // wept // I also have thine heart : 1Sa 24:5; Psa 51:17, Psa 119:120; Isa 46:12, Isa 57:15, Isa 66:2, Isa 66:5; Jer 36:24; Jer 36:29-32; Eze 9:4; Rom 2:4, Rom 2:5; Jam 4:6-...
thine heart : 1Sa 24:5; Psa 51:17, Psa 119:120; Isa 46:12, Isa 57:15, Isa 66:2, Isa 66:5; Jer 36:24; Jer 36:29-32; Eze 9:4; Rom 2:4, Rom 2:5; Jam 4:6-10
humbled : Exo 10:3; Lev 26:40, Lev 26:41; 1Ki 21:29; 2Ch 33:12, 2Ch 33:19, 2Ch 33:23; Mic 6:8; 1Pe 5:5, 1Pe 5:6
a desolation : Lev 26:31, Lev 26:32; Deu 29:23; Jer 26:6, Jer 44:22
hast rent : 2Ki 22:17
wept : Num 25:6; Jdg 2:4, Jdg 2:5, Jdg 20:26; Ezr 9:3, Ezr 9:4, Ezr 10:1; Neh 1:4, Neh 8:9; Psa 119:136; Jer 9:1, Jer 13:17, Jer 14:17; Luk 19:41; Rom 9:2, Rom 9:3
TSK: 2Ki 22:20 - I will gather // thou shalt // gathered I will gather : Gen 25:8; Deu 31:16; 1Ch 17:11; 2Ch 34:28
thou shalt : During thy life, none of these calamities shall fall upon thee nor thy people; ...
I will gather : Gen 25:8; Deu 31:16; 1Ch 17:11; 2Ch 34:28
thou shalt : During thy life, none of these calamities shall fall upon thee nor thy people; no adversary shall be permitted to disturb the peace of Judea; and thou shalt at last ""be gathered into thy grave in peace.""Now, though it is stated that Pharaoh-Necho slew him at Megiddo, yet the Assyrians and the Jews were at peace; and though Josiah might feel it his duty to oppose the Egyptian king’ s going against his friend and ally, and that, in his endeavours to oppose him, he was mortally wounded at Megiddo, yet certainly he was not killed there, but was brought to Jerusalem, where he died in peace.
gathered : 2Ki 23:29, 2Ki 23:30; Psa 37:37; Isa 57:1, Isa 57:2; Jer 22:10, Jer 22:15, Jer 22:16
kecilkan semuaTafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)
Poole: 2Ki 22:3 - In the eighteenth year In the eighteenth year not of his life, but of his reign , as it is expressed, 2Ch 34:3,8 . What he did before this time, see 2Ch 34:3 , &c. The scr...
In the eighteenth year not of his life, but of his reign , as it is expressed, 2Ch 34:3,8 . What he did before this time, see 2Ch 34:3 , &c. The scribe; the king’ s secretary.
Poole: 2Ki 22:4 - That he may sum the silver // The keepers of the door That he may sum the silver i.e. take an exact account how much it is, and then dispose it in manner following.
The keepers of the door were priests...
That he may sum the silver i.e. take an exact account how much it is, and then dispose it in manner following.
The keepers of the door were priests or Levites, as appears from 2Ki 12:9 2Ch 8:14 23:4 34:9 .
Poole: 2Ki 22:5 - The oversight of the house of the Lord The oversight of the house of the Lord i.e. the care and oversight of the workmen; which also were Levites, 2Ch 34:12 .
The oversight of the house of the Lord i.e. the care and oversight of the workmen; which also were Levites, 2Ch 34:12 .
Poole: 2Ki 22:6 - -- Either hewed or cut out of the quarries, or to be hewed and fitted to the building.
Either hewed or cut out of the quarries, or to be hewed and fitted to the building.
Poole: 2Ki 22:7 - -- i.e. Because it was found by experience that they dealt faithfully. Verbs signifying the being of a thing are oft put for the manifestation of it.
i.e. Because it was found by experience that they dealt faithfully. Verbs signifying the being of a thing are oft put for the manifestation of it.
Poole: 2Ki 22:8 - The book of the law // book of the law of the Lord The book of the law that original
book of the law of the Lord given or written by the hand of Moses, as it is expressed, 2Ch 34:14 , which by God...
The book of the law that original
book of the law of the Lord given or written by the hand of Moses, as it is expressed, 2Ch 34:14 , which by God’ s command was put beside the ark, Deu 31:26 , and probably taken from thence and hid, by the care of some godly priest, when some of the idolatrous kings of Judah persecuted the true religion, and defaced the temple, and (which the Jewish writers affirm) burnt all the copies of God’ s law which they could find, and now found among the rubbish, or in some secret place.
Poole: 2Ki 22:11 - The words of the book of the law // Quest // Answ The words of the book of the law i. e. the dreadful comminations against them for the sins still reigning among the people.
Quest. Did Josiah neve...
The words of the book of the law i. e. the dreadful comminations against them for the sins still reigning among the people.
Quest. Did Josiah never see and read a copy of this book before this time? If he did not, how could he do so much towards the reformation of religion, as he did before? if he did, why was he not sooner convinced and humbled by it?
Answ If Josiah had not yet seen a copy of this book, (which is not impossible,) yet there was so much of the law left in the minds and memories of many of the people, as might easily persuade and direct him to all that he did till this time; or if Josiah had seen and read it before, which seems more probable, yet the great reverence which he justly bore to the original book, and the strange, and remarkable, and seasonable finding of it, had very much awakened and quickened him to a more serious and diligent reading, and attentive consideration, of all the passages contained in it, than he used before.
Poole: 2Ki 22:12 - A servant of the king’ s A servant of the king’ s who most constantly waited upon the king’ s person; otherwise all of them were the king’ s servants.
A servant of the king’ s who most constantly waited upon the king’ s person; otherwise all of them were the king’ s servants.
Poole: 2Ki 22:13 - Inquire of the Lord // Concerning the words of this book Inquire of the Lord either what he intends to do with us, or what we shall do to him, to appease his wrath.
Concerning the words of this book wheth...
Inquire of the Lord either what he intends to do with us, or what we shall do to him, to appease his wrath.
Concerning the words of this book whether the curses here threatened must come upon us without remedy, or whether there be hope in Israel concerning the prevention of them.
Poole: 2Ki 22:14 - Unto Huldah the prophetess // Quest // Answ Unto Huldah the prophetess for we read of women prophetesses, both in the Old and New Testament; as Miriam, Exo 15:20 , Deborah, Jud 4:4 , Hannah, 1S...
Unto Huldah the prophetess for we read of women prophetesses, both in the Old and New Testament; as Miriam, Exo 15:20 , Deborah, Jud 4:4 , Hannah, 1Sa 2 , Elisabeth, and the blessed Virgin, Lu 1 , and Philip’ s daughters, Act 21:9 .
Quest. But why did he send to this woman, and not rather to Zephaniah, or Jeremiah, who were prophets in Josiah’ s days?
Answ Either, first, Because the king’ s earnest affection in this business required great haste; and she was in Jerusalem, which is therefore noted in the following part of the verse, when Jeremiah might at this time be at Anathoth, or in some more remote part of the kingdom; and the like may be said of Zephaniah, who also might not be a prophet at this time, though he was afterward, in the days of Josiah , which is all that is affirmed of him, Zep 1:1 . Or,
2. Because the king or his courtiers had longer and greater experience of the eminency of her prophetical gifts than of Jeremiah’ s, who began not to prophesy till the thirteenth year of Josiah, Jer 1:2 ; and being well assured of her fidelity in delivering the mind and counsel of God to those that inquired of her, they rightly concluded that it was much more considerable what message God sent, than by whom it was conveyed to them. In the college ; where the sons of the prophets, or others who devoted themselves to the study of God’ s word, used to meet and discourse of the things of God, and receive the instructions of their teachers. Others both ancient and modern render it, in another or the second part, to wit, of the city, i.e. in the suburbs, which also were fortified and walled about by Hezekiah, 2Ch 32:5 .
Poole: 2Ki 22:17 - The works of their hands The works of their hands gods made with hands. This she adds to aggravate their folly and contempt of God, in preferring such vain and idle things be...
The works of their hands gods made with hands. This she adds to aggravate their folly and contempt of God, in preferring such vain and idle things before him.
Poole: 2Ki 22:20 - In peace // thou shalt not see all the evil which I will bring upon this place In peace i.e. in a time of public peace, and the tranquility of thy kingdom; or so as
thou shalt not see all the evil which I will bring upon this p...
In peace i.e. in a time of public peace, and the tranquility of thy kingdom; or so as
thou shalt not see all the evil which I will bring upon this place as the following words explain it; for otherwise he died in battle, 2Ki 23:29 . Besides, he died in peace with God, and was by death translated to everlasting peace.
Haydock: 2Ki 22:1 - Peace Peace, before these horrors overtake the city. Josias was interred with all the usual honours, have[having?] fallen in battle, chap. xxiii. 29. (Ca...
Peace, before these horrors overtake the city. Josias was interred with all the usual honours, have[having?] fallen in battle, chap. xxiii. 29. (Calmet) ---
Instead of peace, the Alexandrian Septuagint reads, "in Jerusalem," to which city Josias was brought from Mageddo, where he had perhaps rashly attacked the king of Egypt, with whom he had not been engaged in war. (Haydock) ---
This last good king was given to Juda, that he people might not pretend that they were forced to embrace idolatry by the royal power. (St. Jerome) (Du Hamel)
Haydock: 2Ki 22:1 - Eight years Eight years. After he had reigned other eight, being still but a boy, he began more seriously to seek the Lord, and purified his dominions, and the ...
Eight years. After he had reigned other eight, being still but a boy, he began more seriously to seek the Lord, and purified his dominions, and the neighbouring country, from all the vestiges of idolatry, 2 Paralipomenon xxxiii. 3. He was one of the three most excellent kings of Juda, (Haydock) and might be said to be the last; as those who followed were displaced at pleasure by Egypt, &c. (Du Hamel)
Haydock: 2Ki 22:3 - Scribe of Scribe of. Hebrew, "to the temple." (Chaldean; Syriac, &c.) It is not certain that there was such an officer as scribe of the temple; but the king...
Scribe of. Hebrew, "to the temple." (Chaldean; Syriac, &c.) It is not certain that there was such an officer as scribe of the temple; but the king's secretary was ordered by Joas to take an account of the money contributed, chap. xii. 10. (Calmet) ---
Josias followed the same plan. (Tirinus)
Haydock: 2Ki 22:4 - Together // Door-keepers Together, so as to be reduced into a mass, and refined by fire. (Pagnin) ---
Septuagint, "seal up the money." Protestants, "that he may sum the si...
Together, so as to be reduced into a mass, and refined by fire. (Pagnin) ---
Septuagint, "seal up the money." Protestants, "that he may sum the silver which," &c. (Haydock) ---
Let him make all be paid up that is due, (Piscator) and cease to demand any more. ---
Door-keepers. Their office was of some consequence, 1 Paralipomenon ix. 26, 29. (Calmet)
Haydock: 2Ki 22:5 - Overseers Overseers, or undertakers. (Grotius) ---
People of the great respectability were selected, so that no reckoning with them was requisite, ver. 7. (...
Overseers, or undertakers. (Grotius) ---
People of the great respectability were selected, so that no reckoning with them was requisite, ver. 7. (Haydock) ---
They were thus encouraged to do the work with greater perfection. (Calmet)
Haydock: 2Ki 22:8 - The book of the law // Read it The book of the law, (that is, Deuteronomy.; Challoner.; St. Chrysostom, hom. 9. in Matthew) or the Pentateuch. (Josephus) ---
Achaz, Manasses, and...
The book of the law, (that is, Deuteronomy.; Challoner.; St. Chrysostom, hom. 9. in Matthew) or the Pentateuch. (Josephus) ---
Achaz, Manasses, and Amon, had burnt (R. Solomon) as many copies as they could, (Haydock) but some zealous priests had concealed this copy, in a box, in the wall of the temple, (Lyranus) or in the treasury adjoining it. The very hand writing of Moses, containing the record of the covenant, (or the 28, 29, 30, and 31st chapters of Deuteronomy) which was placed in (Calmet) or beside the ark, was now happily discovered. (Haydock) ---
It seems it had been misplaced, as the ark itself had been removed, 2 Paralipomenon xxiv. 14., and xxxv. 3. This venerable monument, and the dreadful menaces which it denounced, made the deepest impression upon all, as we should read the autographs of St. Matthew, &c., with far greater respect and emotion than we do the printed copies. It is not at all probably that all the books of Scripture had been destroyed, as there were always some religious souls in both kingdoms; and if some kings had already made the impious attempt, (Haydock) of which, however, they are never accused in Scripture, they would not have been able to carry their malicious designs into effect. Josias had, before his 18th year, made many excellent regulations, conformably to the law, which was well understood, and carefully preserved by the priests and prophets, (Calmet) 2 Paralipomenon xvii. 9. ---
Read it. Scribes were generally chosen from among the Levites. (Calmet)
Haydock: 2Ki 22:11 - Garments Garments, through zeal for God's honour, and fear of his indignation. (Menochius)
Garments, through zeal for God's honour, and fear of his indignation. (Menochius)
Haydock: 2Ki 22:14 - Holda // The Second Holda. She is known only by this honourable embassy. It is rather wonderful that Jeremias was not consulted, as he had began to prophesy five years...
Holda. She is known only by this honourable embassy. It is rather wonderful that Jeremias was not consulted, as he had began to prophesy five years before. But he probably resided at Anathoth. Sophonias appeared, perhaps, only towards the end of the reign of Josias. (Calmet) ---
The Second, a street, or part of the city so called; in Hebrew, Massem. (Challoner) ---
The Septuagint retain this word, (Menochius) or rather, "in Masena;" Hebrew mishne. (Haydock) ---
Manasses inclosed Jerusalem with a second wall, (2 Paralipomenon xxxiii. 14.; Calmet) unless this was done by his father, 2 Paralipomenon xxxii. 5. (Tirinus) ---
Here Holda is said to have kept a school. (Calmet) ---
Chaldean, "the house of doctrine," a lace next in importance to the temple. (Vatable) ---
St. Jerome speaks of this Second, as of a gate, or part of Jerusalem, between the inner and the outer wall. (Contra Pelag, 2 Irad. in 2 Par. and in Sophon. i. 10.) (Menochius)
Gill: 2Ki 22:1 - Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign // and he reigned thirty and one years in Jerusalem // and his mother's name was Jedidah, the daughter of Adaiah of Boscath Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign,.... And must be born when his father was but sixteen, for Amon lived but twenty four years, 2Ki 21:...
Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign,.... And must be born when his father was but sixteen, for Amon lived but twenty four years, 2Ki 21:19,
and he reigned thirty and one years in Jerusalem; and so must die at thirty nine years of age:
and his mother's name was Jedidah, the daughter of Adaiah of Boscath; a city of the tribe of Judah; see Gill on Jos 15:39.
Gill: 2Ki 22:2 - And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord // and walked in all the ways of David his father // and turned not aside to the right hand or to the left And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord,.... In the affair of religious worship especially, as well as in other things:
and walked...
And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord,.... In the affair of religious worship especially, as well as in other things:
and walked in all the ways of David his father; in his religious ways, in which he never departed from his God:
and turned not aside to the right hand or to the left; but kept an even, constant, path of worship and duty, according to the law of God.
Gill: 2Ki 22:3 - And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of King Josiah // that the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam the scribe, to the house of the Lord // saying And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of King Josiah,.... Not of his age, but of his reign, as appears from 2Ch 34:8 nor is what follows the firs...
And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of King Josiah,.... Not of his age, but of his reign, as appears from 2Ch 34:8 nor is what follows the first remarkable act he did in a religious way; for elsewhere we read of what he did in the eighth and twelfth years of his reign, 2Ch 34:3,
that the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam the scribe, to the house of the Lord; the king's secretary; the Septuagint version is, the scribe of the house of the Lord, and so the Vulgate Latin version; that kept the account of the expenses of the temple; with him two others were sent, 2Ch 34:8,
saying: as follows.
Gill: 2Ki 22:4 - Go up to Hilkiah the high priest // that he may sum the silver which is brought into the house of the Lord // which the keepers of the door have gathered of the people Go up to Hilkiah the high priest,.... Who had an apartment in the temple; there was an Hilkiah, a priest, in those times, who was the father of Jeremi...
Go up to Hilkiah the high priest,.... Who had an apartment in the temple; there was an Hilkiah, a priest, in those times, who was the father of Jeremiah the prophet, Jer 1:1, whom an Arabic writer l takes to be the same with this; but it is not likely:
that he may sum the silver which is brought into the house of the Lord which the people voluntarily offered for the repairing of it; this he would have the priest take an account of, that the sum total might be known; his meaning is, that he should take it out of the chest in which it was put, and count it, that it might be known what it amounted to; see 2Ki 12:9, some understand this of melting and coining the silver thus given
which the keepers of the door have gathered of the people: who were Levites, 2Ch 34:9, either porters of the door, or rather the treasurers, as the Targum; the keepers of the vessels of the sanctuary, that had the care of them, as the Jewish commentators generally interpret it.
Gill: 2Ki 22:5 - And let them deliver it into the hand of the doers of the work // that have the oversight of the house of the Lord // and let them give it to the doers of the work, which is in the house of the Lord, to repair the breaches of the house And let them deliver it into the hand of the doers of the work,
that have the oversight of the house of the Lord,.... That were overseers of the wo...
And let them deliver it into the hand of the doers of the work,
that have the oversight of the house of the Lord,.... That were overseers of the workmen, whose names are mentioned, 2Ch 34:12 into their hands the money was to be delivered by the high priest, when he had taken the account of it, and perhaps along with the king's scribe, see 2Ki 12:10,
and let them give it to the doers of the work, which is in the house of the Lord, to repair the breaches of the house as their wages for their work; it seems it had not been repaired from the times of Jehoash, a space of two hundred and eighteen years, according to the Jewish chronology m; but Kimchi and Abarbinel make it two hundred and twenty four.
Gill: 2Ki 22:6 - Unto carpenters, and builders, and masons // and to buy timber and hewn stone to repair the house Unto carpenters, and builders, and masons,.... Who were employed, some in mending the woodwork, and others in repairing the stone walls
and to buy ...
Unto carpenters, and builders, and masons,.... Who were employed, some in mending the woodwork, and others in repairing the stone walls
and to buy timber and hewn stone to repair the house; not only money was to be given them for their workmanship, but to buy timber and stone to work with.
Gill: 2Ki 22:7 - Howbeit, there was no reckoning made with them of the money that was delivered into their hand // because they dealt faithfully Howbeit, there was no reckoning made with them of the money that was delivered into their hand,.... No account was kept between the high priest, and t...
Howbeit, there was no reckoning made with them of the money that was delivered into their hand,.... No account was kept between the high priest, and the king's scribe who delivered the money and the overseers of the workmen, who received it from them the latter were not called to any account by the former, nor any audit made of their accounts:
because they dealt faithfully: they were persons of such known honour and integrity, that their fidelity was not in the least called in question, but were trusted without examining their accounts, and how they disposed of the money committed to them, see 2Ki 12:15.
Gill: 2Ki 22:8 - And Hilkiah the high priest said unto Shaphan the scribe // I have found the book of the law in the house of the Lord // and Hilkiah gave the book to Shaphan, and he read it And Hilkiah the high priest said unto Shaphan the scribe,.... Not at the first time of his message to him, but afterwards that he attended on him upon...
And Hilkiah the high priest said unto Shaphan the scribe,.... Not at the first time of his message to him, but afterwards that he attended on him upon the same business; after the high priest had examined the temple to know what repairs it wanted, and where:
I have found the book of the law in the house of the Lord; some think this was only the book of Deuteronomy, and some only some part of that; rather the whole Pentateuch, and that not a copy of it, but the very autograph of Moses, written with his own hand, as it seems from 2Ch 34:14. Some say he found it in the holy of holies, on the side of the ark; there it was put originally; but, indeed, had it been there, he might have found it before, and must have seen it, since, as high priest, he entered there once every year; more probably some pious predecessor of his had taken it from thence in a time of general corruption, as in the reign of Manasseh, and hid it in some private place, under a lay of stones, as Jarchi, in some hole in the wall, which upon search about repairs was found there:
and Hilkiah gave the book to Shaphan, and he read it; and though there might be some copies of it in private hands, yet scarce; and perhaps Shaphan had never seen one, at least a perfect one, or however had never read it through, as now he did.
Gill: 2Ki 22:9 - And Shaphan the scribe came to the king, and brought the king word again // and said, thy servants have gathered the money that was found in the house // and have delivered it into the hand of them that do the work, that have the oversight of the house of the Lord And Shaphan the scribe came to the king, and brought the king word again,.... Of the delivery of his message to the high priest, and of what had been ...
And Shaphan the scribe came to the king, and brought the king word again,.... Of the delivery of his message to the high priest, and of what had been done upon it:
and said, thy servants have gathered the money that was found in the house; meaning Hilkiah and himself, who had examined the chest in the temple, into which the money was put for the repairs of it, and had taken it out, and told it:
and have delivered it into the hand of them that do the work, that have the oversight of the house of the Lord; according to the king's orders.
Gill: 2Ki 22:10 - And Shaphan showed the king // saying, Hilkiah the high priest hath delivered me a book // and Shaphan read it before the king And Shaphan showed the king,.... Further related to him what follows:
saying, Hilkiah the high priest hath delivered me a book; but did not say wha...
And Shaphan showed the king,.... Further related to him what follows:
saying, Hilkiah the high priest hath delivered me a book; but did not say what book it was:
and Shaphan read it before the king; part of it; and it is thought by Kimchi and Ben Gersom that he particularly read the reproofs and threatenings in the book of Deuteronomy; they suppose that Hilkiah read those to Shaphan, and directed him to read them to the king, that he might take into consideration a further reformation.
Gill: 2Ki 22:11 - And it came to pass, when the king had heard the words of the book of the law // that he rent his clothes And it came to pass, when the king had heard the words of the book of the law,.... From whence it appears that he had never wrote out a copy of it, as...
And it came to pass, when the king had heard the words of the book of the law,.... From whence it appears that he had never wrote out a copy of it, as the kings of Israel were ordered to do, when they came to the throne, Deu 17:18 nor had read it, at least not the whole of it; and yet it seems strange that he should be twenty six years of age, as he now was, and had proceeded far in the reformation of worship, and yet be without the book of the law, and the high priest also; it looks as if it was, as some have thought, that they had till now only some abstracts of the law, and not the whole: and perhaps the reformation hitherto carried on chiefly lay in abolishing idolatry, and not so much in restoring the ordinances of worship to their purity; for it was after this that the ordinance of the passover was ordered to be kept; and when the king observed, on hearing the law read, that it had not been kept as it should, that such severe threatenings were denounced against the transgressors of it;
that he rent his clothes; as expressive of the rending of his heart, and of his humiliation and sorrow for the sins he and his people were guilty of.
Gill: 2Ki 22:12 - And the king commanded Hilkiah the priest // and Ahikam the son of Shaphan // and Achbor the son of Michaiah // and Shaphan the scribe // and Asahiah, a servant of the king's // saying And the king commanded Hilkiah the priest,.... The high priest, as he is called, 2Ki 22:4.
and Ahikam the son of Shaphan; whether the same with Sha...
And the king commanded Hilkiah the priest,.... The high priest, as he is called, 2Ki 22:4.
and Ahikam the son of Shaphan; whether the same with Shaphan the scribe, before mentioned, or another of the same name, is not certain:
and Achbor the son of Michaiah; who is called Abdon, the son of Micah, 2Ch 34:20.
and Shaphan the scribe; who brought and read the book to the king:
and Asahiah, a servant of the king's; that waited on him constantly:
saying; as follows.
Gill: 2Ki 22:13 - Go ye, inquire of the Lord // for me, and for the people, and for all Judah, concerning the words of this book that is found // the Lord shall bring thee and thy king // for great is the wrath of the Lord that is kindled against us // because that our fathers have not hearkened unto the words of this book, to do according to all which is written concerning us Go ye, inquire of the Lord,.... Of some of his prophets, as Jeremiah, who began to prophesy in the thirteenth year of Josiah's reign, and had been a p...
Go ye, inquire of the Lord,.... Of some of his prophets, as Jeremiah, who began to prophesy in the thirteenth year of Josiah's reign, and had been a prophet five years, Jer 1:1,
for me, and for the people, and for all Judah, concerning the words of this book that is found; for he observed that this book threatened and foretold not only the captivity of the ten tribes, but of Judah, and of their king; and Jarchi thinks, he had a particular respect to that passage:
the Lord shall bring thee and thy king, &c. Deu 28:36 and therefore was desirous of knowing what he and his people must do to avert those judgments:
for great is the wrath of the Lord that is kindled against us; which he concluded from the threatenings denounced:
because that our fathers have not hearkened unto the words of this book, to do according to all which is written concerning us: he clearly saw that his ancestors more remote and immediate had been very deficient in observing the laws, commands, and ordinances enjoined them in that book; and therefore feared that what was threatened would fall upon him and his people, who, he was sensible, came short of doing their duty.
Gill: 2Ki 22:14 - So Hilkiah the priest, and Ahikam, and Achbor, and Shaphan, and Asahiah, went down to Huldah the prophetess // the wife of Shallum, the son of Tikvah, the son of Harhas, keeper of the wardrobe // now she dwelt in Jerusalem in the college So Hilkiah the priest, and Ahikam, and Achbor, and Shaphan, and Asahiah, went down to Huldah the prophetess,.... Such as were Miriam and Deborah; in i...
So Hilkiah the priest, and Ahikam, and Achbor, and Shaphan, and Asahiah, went down to Huldah the prophetess,.... Such as were Miriam and Deborah; in imitation of those Satan had very early his women prophetesses, the Sibyls, so called from their being the council and oracle of God, and consulted as such on occasion, as Huldah now was; and the first of the Sibyls, according to Suidas n, was a Chaldean or a Persian; and some say an Hebrew; and Pausanias expressly says o, that with the Hebrews above Palestine was a woman prophetess, whose name was Sabba, whom some called the Babylonian, others the Egyptian Sibyl. Aelian relates p that one of them was a Jewess:
the wife of Shallum, the son of Tikvah, the son of Harhas, keeper of the wardrobe; but whether the king's wardrobe in the palace, or the priest's in the temple, is not certain; he is called Hasrah, 2Ch 34:22 who is here called Harhas:
now she dwelt in Jerusalem in the college; in the college of the prophets; in the house of instruction, as the Targum; the school where the young prophets were instructed and trained up; though Jarchi observes, that some interpret this "within the two walls"; Jerusalem it seems had three walls, and within the second this woman lived; there were gates in the temple, as he also observes, called the gates of Huldah q, but whether from her cannot be said: this place of her dwelling seems to be mentioned as a reason why these messengers went to her, because she was near, as well as well known for her prophetic spirit, prudence, and faithfulness, and not to Jeremiah, who in all probability was at Anathoth; and so also is the reason why they went not to Zephaniah, if he as yet had begun to prophesy, because he might be at a distance also: and they communed with her; upon the subject the king sent them about.
Gill: 2Ki 22:15 - And she said unto them // thus saith the Lord God of Israel // tell the man that sent you to me And she said unto them,.... The king's messengers:
thus saith the Lord God of Israel; being immediately inspired by him, she spake in his name, as ...
And she said unto them,.... The king's messengers:
thus saith the Lord God of Israel; being immediately inspired by him, she spake in his name, as prophets did:
tell the man that sent you to me; which may seem somewhat rude and unmannerly to say of a king; but when it is considered she spake not of herself, but representing the King of kings and Lord of lords, it will be seen and judged of in another light.
Gill: 2Ki 22:16 - Thus saith the Lord, behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon the inhabitants of it // even all the words of the book which the king of Judah hath read Thus saith the Lord, behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon the inhabitants of it,.... Destruction to the place, and captivity to the inh...
Thus saith the Lord, behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon the inhabitants of it,.... Destruction to the place, and captivity to the inhabitants of it:
even all the words of the book which the king of Judah hath read; particularly what is contained in Lev 26:14, even all the curses in it, as in 2Ch 34:24.
Gill: 2Ki 22:17 - Because they have forsaken me // and have burnt incense unto other gods // that they might provoke me to anger with all the works of their hands // therefore my wrath shall be kindled against this place, and shall not be quenched Because they have forsaken me,.... My worship, as the Targum; his word and ordinances:
and have burnt incense unto other gods; to Baal, to the host...
Because they have forsaken me,.... My worship, as the Targum; his word and ordinances:
and have burnt incense unto other gods; to Baal, to the host of heaven, and other Heathen deities:
that they might provoke me to anger with all the works of their hands: their idols of wood, stone, gold, and silver, which their hands had made, to worship; than which nothing was more provoking to God:
therefore my wrath shall be kindled against this place, and shall not be quenched; the decree for the destruction of Jerusalem was gone forth, and not to be called back; the execution of it could not be stopped or hindered by cries, prayers, entreaties, or otherwise; this wrath of God was an emblem of the unquenchable fire of hell, Mat 3:12.
Gill: 2Ki 22:18 - But to the king of Judah, which sent you to inquire of the Lord // thus shall ye say unto him // thus saith the Lord God of Israel, as touching the words which thou hast heard But to the king of Judah, which sent you to inquire of the Lord,.... That is, with respect to him, or what may concern him:
thus shall ye say unto ...
But to the king of Judah, which sent you to inquire of the Lord,.... That is, with respect to him, or what may concern him:
thus shall ye say unto him; carry back this message to him as from the Lord he desired to inquire of:
thus saith the Lord God of Israel, as touching the words which thou hast heard: read out of the law, concerning the destruction of the land, and its inhabitants therein threatened.
Gill: 2Ki 22:19 - Because thine heart was tender // and thou hast humbled thyself before the Lord // when thou heardest what I spake against this place, and against the inhabitants thereof, that they should become a desolation and a curse // and hast rent thy clothes, and wept before me // I also have heard thee, saith the Lord Because thine heart was tender,.... Soft like wax, and susceptible of impressions; or was "moved", or "trembled", as the Targum; for God has respect t...
Because thine heart was tender,.... Soft like wax, and susceptible of impressions; or was "moved", or "trembled", as the Targum; for God has respect to such as are of contrite hearts, and tremble at his word, Isa 66:2,
and thou hast humbled thyself before the Lord; external humiliation, such as in Ahab, was regarded by the Lord, much more internal and cordial humiliation is regarded by him, see 1Ki 21:29,
when thou heardest what I spake against this place, and against the inhabitants thereof, that they should become a desolation and a curse; as in Lev 26:1.
and hast rent thy clothes, and wept before me; as expressive of the inward contrition, sorrow, and grief of his heart:
I also have heard thee, saith the Lord: his cries and prayers.
Gill: 2Ki 22:20 - Behold therefore, I will gather thee unto thy fathers // and thou shall be gathered into thy grave in peace // and thine eyes shall not see all the evil which I will bring upon this place // and they brought the king word again Behold therefore, I will gather thee unto thy fathers,.... To his godly ancestors, to share with them in eternal life and happiness; otherwise it coul...
Behold therefore, I will gather thee unto thy fathers,.... To his godly ancestors, to share with them in eternal life and happiness; otherwise it could be no peculiar favour to die in common, as his fathers did, and be buried in their sepulchres:
and thou shall be gathered into thy grave in peace; in a time of public peace and tranquillity; for though he was slain in battle with the king of Egypt, yet it was what he was personally concerned in, and it was not a public war between the two kingdoms, and his body was carried off by his servants, and was peaceably interred in the sepulchre of his ancestors, 2Ki 23:29, as well as he died in spiritual peace, and entered into eternal peace, which is the end of the perfect and upright man, as he was, Psa 37:37 but this chiefly regards his not living to be distressed with the calamities of his nation and people, as follows:
and thine eyes shall not see all the evil which I will bring upon this place: he being removed first, though it came upon it in the days of his sons:
and they brought the king word again; of what Huldah the prophetess had said unto them.