Teks -- 1 Chronicles 19:8-19 (NET)

19:8 When David heard the news, he sent Joab and the entire army to meet them. 19:9 The Ammonites marched out and were deployed for battle at the entrance to the city, while the kings who had come were by themselves in the field. 19:10 When Joab saw that the battle would be fought on two fronts, he chose some of Israel’s best men and deployed them against the Arameans. 19:11 He put his brother Abishai in charge of the rest of the army and they were deployed against the Ammonites. 19:12 Joab said, “If the Arameans start to overpower me, you come to my rescue. If the Ammonites start to overpower you, I will come to your rescue. 19:13 Be strong! Let’s fight bravely for the sake of our people and the cities of our God! The Lord will do what he decides is best!” 19:14 So Joab and his men marched toward the Arameans to do battle, and they fled before him. 19:15 When the Ammonites saw the Arameans flee, they fled before Joab’s brother Abishai and withdrew into the city. Joab went back to Jerusalem. 19:16 When the Arameans realized they had been defeated by Israel, they sent for reinforcements from beyond the Euphrates River, led by Shophach the commanding general of Hadadezer’s army. 19:17 When David was informed, he gathered all Israel, crossed the Jordan River, and marched against them. David deployed his army against the Arameans for battle and they fought against him. 19:18 The Arameans fled before Israel. David killed 7,000 Aramean charioteers and 40,000 infantrymen; he also killed Shophach the commanding general. 19:19 When Hadadezer’s subjects saw they were defeated by Israel, they made peace with David and became his subjects. The Arameans were no longer willing to help the Ammonites.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Wesley: 1Ch 19:19 - His servants

Let those who have in vain stood it out against God, be thus wise for themselves. Let them become his servants; for they are undone, if they remain his enemies.

JFB: 1Ch 19:8 - David . . . sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men

All the forces of Israel, including the great military orders, were engaged in this war.

JFB: 1Ch 19:9-15 - children of Ammon . . . put the battle in array before the gate of the city

That is, outside the walls of Medeba, a frontier town on the Arnon.

JFB: 1Ch 19:9-15 - the kings that were come were by themselves in the field

The Israelitish army being thus beset by the Ammonites in front, and by the Syrian auxiliaries behind, Joab resolved to attack the latter (the more numerous and formidable host), while he directed his brother Abishai, with a suitable detachment, to attack the Ammonites. Joab's address before the engagement displays the faith and piety that became a commander of the Hebrew people. The mercenaries being defeated, the courage of the Ammonites failed; so that, taking flight, they entrenched themselves within the fortified walls.

JFB: 1Ch 19:16 - And when the Syrians saw that they were put to the worse before Israel

(See on 2Sa 10:15-19).

JFB: 1Ch 19:18 - David slew of the Syrians seven thousand men

(Compare 2Sa 10:18, which has seven hundred chariots). Either the text in one of the books is corrupt [KEIL, DAVIDSON], or the accounts must be combined, giving this result--seven thousand horsemen, seven thousand chariots, and forty thousand footmen [KENNICOTT, HOUBIGANT, CALMET].

Clarke: 1Ch 19:13 - Be of good courage

Be of good courage - See the note on 2Sa 10:12.

Clarke: 1Ch 19:18 - Forty thousand footmen

Forty thousand footmen - See this number accounted for in the note on 2Sa 10:18 (note).

Clarke: 1Ch 19:19 - They made peace with David, and became his servants

They made peace with David, and became his servants - See on 2Sa 10:19 (note), and the concluding note in that place; and see for omissions in Chronicles, the preface to these books.

TSK: 1Ch 19:8 - Joab

Joab : 1Ch 11:6, 10-47; 2Sam. 23:8-39

TSK: 1Ch 19:9 - put the battle // the kings

put the battle : 1Sa 17:2; 2Sa 18:4; 2Ch 13:3, 2Ch 14:10; Isa 28:6; Jer 50:42; Joe 2:5

the kings : 2Sa 10:8; 1Ki 20:1, 1Ki 20:24

TSK: 1Ch 19:10 - when Joab // battle // set against // choice

when Joab : 2Sa 10:9-14

battle : Heb. face of the battle

set against : Jos 8:22; Jdg 20:42, Jdg 20:43

choice : or, young men

TSK: 1Ch 19:11 - Abishai // and they set

Abishai : Heb. Abshai, 1Ch 11:20, 1Ch 18:12; The variation of אבישׁי [Strong’ s H52], Abishai , and אבשׁי [Strong’ s H52], Abshai , is simply caused by the elision of י , yood , which is by no means uncommon.

and they set : 1Ch 19:9

TSK: 1Ch 19:12 - If the Syrians

If the Syrians : Neh 4:20; Ecc 4:9-12; Gal 6:2; Phi 1:27, Phi 1:28

TSK: 1Ch 19:13 - of good // let us behave // let the Lord

of good : Deu 31:6, Deu 31:7; Jos 1:7, Jos 10:25; 1Sa 4:9, 1Sa 14:6-12, 1Sa 17:32; 2Sa 10:12; Ezr 10:4; Neh 4:14; Psa 27:14; 1Co 16:13

let us behave : etc. In Samuel, ""let us play the men;""but the original is the same in both places, nithchazzak .

let the Lord : Jdg 10:15; 1Sa 3:18; 2Sa 15:26, 2Sa 16:10, 2Sa 16:11; Job 1:22

TSK: 1Ch 19:14 - they fled

they fled : 1Ki 20:13, 1Ki 20:19-21, 1Ki 20:28-30; 2Ch 13:5-16; Jer 46:15, Jer 46:16

TSK: 1Ch 19:15 - they likewise

they likewise : Lev 26:7; Rom 8:31

TSK: 1Ch 19:16 - and drew // river // Shophach

am 2968, bc 1036, An, Ex, Is, 455

and drew : Psa 2:1; Isa 8:9; Mic 4:11, Mic 4:12; Zec 14:1-3

river : that is, Euphrates

Shophach : This variation arises from the permutation of ב , baith , and פ , pay ; being written in the parallel passage שׁובך [Strong’ s H7731], Shobach , and here שׁופך [Strong’ s H7780], Shophach 2Sa 10:16, Shobach.

TSK: 1Ch 19:17 - upon them // and set

upon them : Instead of alaihem , ""upon them,""it is in 2Sa 10:17 chelamah , ""to Helam:""the one seems evidently to be a mistake for the other.

and set : 1Ch 19:9; Isa 22:6, Isa 22:7

TSK: 1Ch 19:18 - fled before Israel // seven thousand // footmen

fled before Israel : 1Ch 19:13, 1Ch 19:14; Psa 18:32, Psa 33:16, Psa 46:11

seven thousand : In the parallel passage, ""the men of seven hundred chariots;""which difference probably arose from mistaking ן , noon final , which stands for 700, for ז , zayin , with a dot above, which denotes 7,000, or vice versacaps1 . tcaps0 he great similarity of these letters might easily cause the one to be mistaken for the other.

footmen : If these troops were as we have suppose, a kind of dismounted cavalry, the terms footmen and horsemen might be indifferently applied to them. 2Sa 10:18, horsemen

TSK: 1Ch 19:19 - the servants // would

the servants : Gen 14:4, Gen 14:5; Jos 9:9-11; 2Sa 10:19; 1Ki 20:1, 1Ki 20:12; Psa 18:39, Psa 18:44; Isa 10:8

would : 1Ch 14:17; Psa 48:3-6

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: 1Ch 19:19

How this agrees with 2Sa 10:18 , see in the notes on that place.

Haydock: 1Ch 19:16 - River // Sophach

River, in Mesopotamia. Joab did not allow them time to arrive. ---

Sophach, or Sobac. Adarezer sent also to collect these forces, 2 Kings.

Haydock: 1Ch 19:18 - Chariots

Chariots. Literally, "chariot." 2 Kings has only 700, and 40,000 horsemen. (Calmet) ---

Ten men might be in each chariot. (Du Hamel)

Haydock: 1Ch 19:19 - Went

Went. Hebrew, "made peace with David." The many petty kings who had hitherto been tributary to Adarezer, submitted now to the conqueror. (Calmet)

Gill: 1Ch 19:1-19

See Chapter Introduction