Teks -- 1 Chronicles 6:31-81 (NET)

Professional Musicians

6:31 These are the men David put in charge of music in the Lord’s sanctuary, after the ark was placed there. 6:32 They performed music before the sanctuary of the meeting tent until Solomon built the Lord’s temple in Jerusalem. They carried out their tasks according to regulations. 6:33 These are the ones who served along with their sons: From the Kohathites: Heman the musician, son of Joel, son of Samuel, 6:34 son of Elkanah, son of Jeroham, son of Eliel, son of Toah, 6:35 son of Zuph, son of Elkanah, son of Mahath, son of Amasai, 6:36 son of Elkanah, son of Joel, son of Azariah, son of Zephaniah, 6:37 son of Tahath, son of Assir, son of Ebiasaph, son of Korah, 6:38 son of Izhar, son of Kohath, son of Levi, son of Israel. 6:39 Serving beside him was his fellow Levite Asaph, son of Berechiah, son of Shimea, 6:40 son of Michael, son of Baaseiah, son of Malkijah, 6:41 son of Ethni, son of Zerah, son of Adaiah, 6:42 son of Ethan, son of Zimmah, son of Shimei, 6:43 son of Jahath, son of Gershom, son of Levi. 6:44 Serving beside them were their fellow Levites, the descendants of Merari, led by Ethan, son of Kishi, son of Abdi, son of Malluch, 6:45 son of Hashabiah, son of Amaziah, son of Hilkiah, 6:46 son of Amzi, son of Bani, son of Shemer, 6:47 son of Mahli, son of Mushi, son of Merari, son of Levi. 6:48 The rest of their fellow Levites were assigned to perform the remaining tasks at God’s sanctuary. 6:49 But Aaron and his descendants offered sacrifices on the altar for burnt offerings and on the altar for incense as they had been assigned to do in the most holy sanctuary. They made atonement for Israel, just as God’s servant Moses had ordered. 6:50 These were the descendants of Aaron: His son Eleazar, his son Phinehas, his son Abishua, 6:51 his son Bukki, his son Uzzi, his son Zerahiah, 6:52 his son Meraioth, his son Amariah, his son Ahitub, 6:53 his son Zadok, and his son Ahimaaz. 6:54 These were the areas where Aaron’s descendants lived: The following belonged to the Kohathite clan, for they received the first allotment: 6:55 They were allotted Hebron in the territory of Judah, as well as its surrounding pasturelands. 6:56 (But the city’s land and nearby towns were allotted to Caleb son of Jephunneh.) 6:57 The descendants of Aaron were also allotted as cities of refuge Hebron, Libnah and its pasturelands, Jattir, Eshtemoa and its pasturelands, 6:58 Hilez and its pasturelands, Debir and its pasturelands, 6:59 Ashan and its pasturelands, and Beth Shemesh and its pasturelands. 6:60 Within the territory of the tribe of Benjamin they were allotted Geba and its pasturelands, Alemeth and its pasturelands, and Anathoth and its pasturelands. Their clans were allotted thirteen cities in all. 6:61 The rest of Kohath’s descendants were allotted ten cities in the territory of the half-tribe of Manasseh. 6:62 The clans of Gershom’s descendants received thirteen cities within the territory of the tribes of Issachar, Asher, Naphtali, and Manasseh (in Bashan). 6:63 The clans of Merari’s descendants were allotted twelve cities within the territory of the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and Zebulun. 6:64 So the Israelites gave to the Levites these cities and their pasturelands. 6:65 They allotted these previously named cities from the territory of the tribes of Judah, Simeon, and Benjamin. 6:66 The clans of Kohath’s descendants also received territory within the tribe of Ephraim. 6:67 They were allotted as cities of refuge Shechem and its pasturelands (in the hill country of Ephraim), Gezer and its pasturelands, 6:68 Jokmeam and its pasturelands, Beth Horon and its pasturelands, 6:69 Aijalon and its pasturelands, and Gath Rimmon and its pasturelands. 6:70 Within the territory of the half-tribe of Manasseh, the rest of Kohath’s descendants received Aner and its pasturelands and Bileam and its pasturelands. 6:71 The following belonged to Gershom’s descendants: Within the territory of the half-tribe of Manasseh: Golan in Bashan and its pasturelands and Ashtaroth and its pasturelands. 6:72 Within the territory of the tribe of Issachar: Kedesh and its pasturelands, Daberath and its pasturelands, 6:73 Ramoth and its pasturelands, and Anem and its pasturelands. 6:74 Within the territory of the tribe of Asher: Mashal and its pasturelands, Abdon and its pasturelands, 6:75 Hukok and its pasturelands, and Rehob and its pasturelands. 6:76 Within the territory of the tribe of Naphtali: Kedesh in Galilee and its pasturelands, Hammon and its pasturelands, and Kiriathaim and its pasturelands. 6:77 The following belonged to the rest of Merari’s descendants: Within the territory of the tribe of Zebulun: Rimmono and its pasturelands, and Tabor and its pasturelands. 6:78 Within the territory of the tribe of Reuben across the Jordan River east of Jericho: Bezer in the desert and its pasturelands, Jahzah and its pasturelands, 6:79 Kedemoth and its pasturelands, and Mephaath and its pasturelands. 6:80 Within the territory of the tribe of Gad: Ramoth in Gilead and its pasturelands, Mahanaim and its pasturelands, 6:81 Heshbon and its pasturelands, and Jazer and its pasturelands.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Wesley: 1Ch 6:44 - Ethan

Called also Jeduthun, 1Ch 9:16, 2Ch 35:15, and in the titles of divers psalms.

Wesley: 1Ch 6:54 - Castles

So called, not only because, walled and well guarded by the country; but because they and their possessions were in a particular manner the care of divine providence. As God was their portion, so God was their protector. And a cottage will be a castle to those that abide under the shadow of the Almighty.

Wesley: 1Ch 6:54 - The lot

Or, the first lot.

Wesley: 1Ch 6:66 - Coasts

Or, of their borders, of their country contained within its borders.

JFB: 1Ch 6:32 - before the dwelling-place, &c.

That is, in the tent which David had erected for receiving the ark after it was removed from the house of Obed-edom [2Sa 6:17]. This was a considerable time before the temple was built.

JFB: 1Ch 6:32 - they waited on their office according to their order

Which David, doubtless by the direction of the Holy Spirit, had instituted for the better regulation of divine worship.

JFB: 1Ch 6:33 - Shemuel

That is, Samuel. This is the exact representation of the Hebrew name.

JFB: 1Ch 6:39 - his brother Asaph

They were brothers naturally, both being descended from Levi, as well as officially, both being of the Levitical order.

JFB: 1Ch 6:42 - Ethan

Or Jeduthun (1Ch 9:16; 2Ch 35:15).

JFB: 1Ch 6:48 - Their brethren also the Levites were appointed unto all manner of service

Those of them who were endowed with musical tastes and talents were employed in various other departments of the temple service.

JFB: 1Ch 6:49 - But Aaron and his sons offered, &c.

The office and duties of the high priests having been already described, the names of those who successively filled that important office are recorded.

JFB: 1Ch 6:60 - thirteen cities

No more than eleven are named here; but two additional ones are mentioned (Jos 21:16-17), which makes up the thirteen.

JFB: 1Ch 6:61 - unto the sons of Kohath, which were left

That is, in addition to the priests belonging to the same family and tribe of Levi.

JFB: 1Ch 6:61 - by lot, ten cities

(Jos 21:26). The sacred historian gives an explanation (1Ch 6:66). Eight of these are mentioned, but only two of them are taken out of the half tribe of Manasseh (1Ch 6:70). The names of the other two are given (Jos 21:21), where full and detailed notices of these arrangements may be found.

JFB: 1Ch 6:62 - to the sons of Gershom

Supply "the children of Israel gave."|| 10522||1||15||0||@they gave unto them of the cities of refuge==--The names of the cities given here are considerably different from those applied to them (Jos 21:13-19). In the lapse of centuries, and from the revolutions of society, changes might have been expected to take place in the form or dialectic pronunciation of the names of those cities; and this will sufficiently account for the variations that are found in the lists as enumerated here and in an earlier book. As to these cities themselves that were assigned to the Levites, they were widely remote and separated--partly in fulfilment of Jacob's prophecy (Gen 49:7), and partly that the various districts of the country might obtain a competent supply of teachers who might instruct the people in the knowledge, and animate them to the observance, of a law which had so important a bearing on the promotion both of their private happiness and their national prosperity.

Clarke: 1Ch 6:31 - After that the ark had rest

After that the ark had rest - The Targum says, "These are they whom David set over the service of the singing, in the house of the sanctuary, or tabernacle of the Lord, at the time in which the ark was brought into it;"that is, when it was brought from the house of Obed-edom.

Clarke: 1Ch 6:32 - According to their order

According to their order - This order is specified below.

Clarke: 1Ch 6:39 - Asaph

Asaph - This person, with Heman, the sons of Kora, Ethan, Jeduthun, etc., are celebrated in these books, and in the Psalms, for their skill in singing, and the part they performed in the public worship of God

It is very likely that their singing was only a kind of recitative or chanting, such as we still find in the synagogues. It does not appear that God had especially appointed these singers, much less any musical instruments, (the silver trumpets excepted), to be employed in his service. Musical instruments in the house of God are, at least under the Gospel, repugnant to the spirit of Christianity, and tend not a little to corrupt the worship of God. Those who are fond of music in the theater are fond of it in the house of God when they go thither; and some, professing Christianity, set up such a spurious worship in order to draw people to hear the Gospel! This is doing evil that good may come of it; and by this means, light and trifling people are introduced into the Church of Christ, and when in, are generally very troublesome, hard to be pleased, and difficult to be saved.

Clarke: 1Ch 6:50 - These are the sons of Aaron

These are the sons of Aaron - We have already had a list of these, (see 1Ch 6:3-16); this is a second, but less extensive, and is a proof that the writer of this book had several lists before him, from which he borrowed as he judged proper.

Clarke: 1Ch 6:54 - Theirs was the lot

Theirs was the lot - All the tribes and families obtained their respective inheritances by lot, but to the sons of Aaron was the first lot; and so the Syriac and Arabic have understood this place. The first lot, says Jarchi, fell to Judah, that they might give to the priests and the Levites the cities marked below. See an account of the possessions of the priests and Levites, Jos 20:1-9, 21.

Clarke: 1Ch 6:60 - All their cities - were thirteen

All their cities - were thirteen - But there are only eleven reckoned here, Gibeon and Juttah being omitted, and the names of some of the others changed. None of the versions give the full number of names, although they all give the whole sum thirteen.

Clarke: 1Ch 6:65 - Which are called by their names

Which are called by their names - Probably each family gave its own name to the city that fell to its lot.

Clarke: 1Ch 6:69 - Aijalon with her suburbs

Aijalon with her suburbs - There are the two cities wanting here, Eltekeh and Gibethon. See Jos 21:23.

Clarke: 1Ch 6:71-77

We shall see from Jos 21:28, etc., that several of these cities have different names

How barren to us is this register, both of incident and interest! and yet, as barren rocks and sandy deserts make integral and necessary parts of the globe; so do these genealogical tables make necessary parts of the history of providence and grace in the maintenance of truth, and the establishment of the Church of Christ. Therefore no one that fears God will either despise or lightly esteem them.

Defender: 1Ch 6:31 - service of song

Music had been an important aspect of human life since the beginning of time; although the first reference to it is in connection with the ungodly line of Cain (Gen 4:21). However, angels sang at the creation (Job 38:7), and Moses led the children of Israel in a victory song after the Red Sea crossing (Exodus 15:1-21). Deborah and Barak sang after their victory over the Canaanites (Judges 5). However, it was David, a musician composing most of the psalms, who institutionalized music in the formal worship of God, before and after the tabernacle was built (1Ch 6:32). Although there are very few references to songs in the gospels and epistles (Mat 26:30; Col 3:16; Eph 5:19), singing will play a prominent role in the heavenly congregation when Christ returns (Rev 4:11; Rev 5:8-14; Rev 15:2-4)."

TSK: 1Ch 6:31 - whom David // after that

am 2962, bc 1042

whom David : 1Ch 15:16-22, 1Ch 15:27, 25:1-31

after that : 1Ch 16:1; 2Sa 6:17; Psa 132:8, Psa 132:14

TSK: 1Ch 6:32 - they ministered // with singing // until Solomon // and then // according to their order

they ministered : 1Ch 16:4-6, 1Ch 16:37-42; Psa 68:24, Psa 68:25

with singing : Eph 5:19

until Solomon : 1Ch 6:10; 1Ki 8:6-13

and then : 1Ch 9:33, 25:7-31; 2Ch 29:25-30, 2Ch 31:2, 2Ch 35:15; Ezr 3:10, Ezr 3:11, Ezr 6:18; Neh 11:17-23, Neh 12:27, Neh 12:28, Neh 12:45-47; Psa 134:1, Psa 134:2, Psa 135:1-3, waited Heb. stood, 1Ch 6:33; 1Ki 12:6, 1Ki 12:8

according to their order : This order is specified below. 1Co 12:11

TSK: 1Ch 6:33 - Heman // Joel // Shemuel

Heman : 1Ch 15:17, 1Ch 15:19, 1Ch 16:41, 1Ch 16:42, 1Ch 25:1-5; 2Ch 5:12, 2Ch 29:14; Psa 88:1 *title

Joel : 1Ch 6:28, Vashni

Shemuel : This variation, as well as some others, only exists in the translation; the Hebrew being uniformly Shemuel. 1Ch 6:28; 1Sa 1:20, 1Sa 1:28, Samuel

TSK: 1Ch 6:34 - Elkanah // Jeroham // Eliel // Toah

Elkanah : Exo 6:24

Jeroham : 1Sa 1:1

Eliel : 1Ch 6:27, Eliab, 1Ch 8:20

Toah : i.e. depressing; inclination; sinking, prostration, [Strong’ s H8430]. 1Ch 6:26, Nahath

TSK: 1Ch 6:35 - Zuph // Elkanah

Zuph : 1Ch 6:26, Zophai, 1Sa 1:1

Elkanah : 1Ch 6:25

TSK: 1Ch 6:36 - Joel

Joel : While it is sufficiently evident that many of the variations of the names of persons have arisen from the carelessness of transcribers, or the inattention of translators, and others from a difference (probably dialectical) in the pronunciation; it is also evident, that the same persons, as in these instances, must have had two or more totally distinct names (1Ch 6:24), Shaul, Uzziah, Uriel.

TSK: 1Ch 6:37 - Tahath // Assir // Ebiasaph // Korah

Tahath : Num 33:26

Assir : Exo 6:24

Ebiasaph : 1Ch 6:23; Exo 6:21-24, Abiasaph

Korah : Gen 36:5; Num. 16:1-35, Num 26:10, Num 26:11; Psa 42:1, Psa 44:1, Psa 45:1, Psa 49:1 *titles Psa 84:1, Psa 85:1 *titles

TSK: 1Ch 6:38 - Izhar // Kohath // Levi // Israel

Izhar : Exo 6:18; Num 3:19, Izehar, 1Ch 16:1

Kohath : Gen 46:11

Levi : Gen 29:34

Israel : Gen 32:28

TSK: 1Ch 6:39 - his brother // Asaph

his brother : Asaph is probably called his brother, because he was of the same tribe as Heman; or, perhaps, because he was his companion or associate.

Asaph : 1Ch 15:17-19, 1Ch 16:7, 1Ch 25:2, 1Ch 26:1; 2Ch 5:12, 2Ch 20:14, 2Ch 29:13, 2Ch 29:30; 2Ch 35:15; Ezr 2:41, Ezr 3:10; Neh 7:44, Neh 11:17, Neh 11:22, Neh 12:35, Neh 12:46; Psa 50:1, Psa 73:1, Psa 74:1, Psa 75:1, Psa 76:1, Psa 77:1, Psa 78:1, Psa 79:1, Psa 80:1 *titles Psa 81:1, Psa 82:1, Psa 83:1 *titles

TSK: 1Ch 6:40 - Michael // Baaseiah

Michael : Dan 12:1

Baaseiah : i.e. pressing together; work of the Lord, [Strong’ s H1202]. Malchiah. Jer 38:1

TSK: 1Ch 6:41 - Ethni // Adaiah

Ethni : 1Ch 6:21, Jeaterai

Adaiah : 1Ch 6:21, Iddo

TSK: 1Ch 6:42 - Ethan // Zimmah // Shimei

Ethan : 1Ch 6:21, Joah, 1Ch 2:6

Zimmah : 1Ch 6:20

Shimei : 2Sa 16:5

TSK: 1Ch 6:43 - Jahath // Gershom

Jahath : 1Ch 6:20

Gershom : 1Ch 6:1, 1Ch 6:16, 1Ch 6:17, 1Ch 6:20, 1Ch 23:6; Gen 46:11; Exo 2:22, Exo 6:16; Num 3:17, Gershon

TSK: 1Ch 6:44 - Ethan // Kishi

Ethan : 1Ch 25:1, 1Ch 25:3, 1Ch 25:6, Jeduthun, Psa 89:1 *title

Kishi : 1Ch 15:17, Kushaiah

TSK: 1Ch 6:45 - Hashabiah // Amaziah // Hilkiah

Hashabiah : 1Ch 9:14

Amaziah : 1Ch 4:34

Hilkiah : 2Ki 18:18

TSK: 1Ch 6:47 - Mahli // Mushi // Merari // Levi

Mahli : 1Ch 23:23, 1Ch 24:30; Num 3:20

Mushi : Num 3:33

Merari : 1Ch 23:21, 1Ch 23:28; Gen 46:11; Exo 6:19; Num 3:20, Num 3:33-36, Num 4:42, Num 7:8, Num 10:17; Jos 21:7, Jos 21:34-40

Levi : Gen 29:34

TSK: 1Ch 6:48 - brethren // appointed

brethren : 1Chr. 23:2-32, 25:1-26:32; Num. 3:1-4:49, 8:5-26, Num 16:9, Num 16:10, 18:1-32

appointed : 1Ch 12:28

TSK: 1Ch 6:49 - Aaron // make an atonement // Moses

am 2513, bc 1491

Aaron : Exo 27:1-8, Exo 30:1-7; Lev 1:5, Lev 1:7-9, 8:1-10:20, 21:1-22:33; Num. 16:16-50; Num 17:1-13; Deu 18:1-8; Heb 7:11-14

make an atonement : Exo 29:33, Exo 29:36, Exo 29:37, Exo 30:10-16; Lev 4:20; Num 15:25, Num 16:46; Job 33:24 *marg.

Moses : Deu 34:5; Jos 1:1

TSK: 1Ch 6:50 - these are // Eleazar // Phinehas

these are : etc. We have already had a list of these, though more extensive.

Eleazar : 1Ch 6:3-9, 1Ch 24:1; Exo 6:23, Exo 28:1; Lev 10:16; Num 3:4, Num 3:32, Num 20:26-28, Num 27:22; Ezr 7:1-5, Ezr 8:33

Phinehas : 1Ch 6:4, 1Ch 9:20

TSK: 1Ch 6:51 - Bukki

Bukki : 1Ch 6:5

TSK: 1Ch 6:52 - Meraioth

Meraioth : 1Ch 6:6, 1Ch 6:7

TSK: 1Ch 6:53 - Zadok

Zadok : 1Ch 6:8, 1Ch 12:28, 1Ch 23:16, 1Ch 24:3, 1Ch 24:31; 1Sa 2:35; 2Sa 8:17, 2Sa 15:24-27, 2Sa 15:35, 2Sa 15:36; 2Sa 17:15-17, 2Sa 20:25; 1Ki 1:8, 1Ki 1:26, 1Ki 1:34, 1Ki 2:35, 1Ki 4:4; Eze 44:15

TSK: 1Ch 6:54 - these are // castles // of the families // for theirs

am 2561, bc 1443

these are : Num 35:1-8; Jos 21:3-8

castles : Gen 25:16; Num 31:10; Psa 69:25; Pro 18:10, Pro 18:11; Eph 3:8

of the families : Jos 21:4, Jos 21:5

for theirs : Jos 21:4

TSK: 1Ch 6:55 - Hebron

Hebron : Jos 14:13, Jos 15:13, Jos 21:11-13; Jdg 1:20

TSK: 1Ch 6:56 - the fields // Caleb

the fields : Jos 14:13, Jos 15:13

Caleb : 1Ch 4:15

TSK: 1Ch 6:57 - they gave // the city of refuge // Libnah // Jattir

they gave : 1Sa 22:10; 2Ch 31:15

the city of refuge : Num 35:13-15; Jos 20:7-9

Libnah : Jos 10:29, Jos 15:42, Jos 21:13, Jos 21:14

Jattir : 1Ch 4:17; Jos 15:48

TSK: 1Ch 6:58 - Hilen // Debir

Hilen : i.e. fortress, [Strong’ s H2432], or, Holon. Jos 15:51, Jos 21:15; This variation simply arises from the introduction of a י yood , and a change of the vowel points; Holon being written חלן [Strong’ s H2473], and Hilen חילן [Strong’ s H2432].] Jos 15:51, Jos 21:15, Holon

Debir : Jos 10:3, Jos 10:38, Jos 12:13, Jos 15:49

TSK: 1Ch 6:59 - Ashan // Bethshemesh

Ashan : It is probable that either Ain, in Joshua, is a mistake for Ashan, or that it was called by both names. 1Ch 4:32; Jos 15:42, Jos 21:16, Ain

Bethshemesh : Jos 15:10, Jos 21:16; 1Sa 6:12-19; Jer 43:13

TSK: 1Ch 6:60 - Geba // Alemeth // thirteen cities

Geba : 1Ch 8:6; Jos 18:24, Jos 21:17; 1Sa 13:3

Alemeth : i.e. covering a hiding place, [Strong’ s H5954]. Jos 21:18, Almon

Alemeth
	Personal Characteristics	References
1.	A Levitical city of Benjamin	1Ch 6:60
	called also Almon	Jos 21:18
2.	A descendant of Jonathan, son of Saul	1Ch 8:36, 1Ch 9:42
3.	Compare Alameth son of Becher, Almon and Alemeth having the same signification, are perfectly interchangeable.	1Ch 7:8

Anathoth : 1Ch 7:8; 1Ki 2:26; Isa 10:30; Jer 1:1, Jer 11:23, Jer 37:12

thirteen cities : Here there are only eleven enumerated; but two more are added in the book of Joshua, Juttah and Gibeon, which make thirteen. Jos 10:2, Jos 15:55, Jos 21:16, Jos 21:17; 1Ch 14:16; None of the versions give the full number of names, though they all give the whole sum of thirteen; and it is probable that these two cities had been destroyed and lay in ruins when this book was written, and hence were not enumerated.

TSK: 1Ch 6:61 - And unto // left // by lot // ten cities

And unto : 1Ch 6:1, 1Ch 6:2, 1Ch 6:18, 1Ch 6:33

left : 1Ch 6:66; Jos 21:4, Jos 21:5, Jos 21:20-26

by lot : Jos 14:2

ten cities : Jos 21:26

TSK: 1Ch 6:62 - Gershom

Gershom : 1Ch 6:71-76; Exo 2:22; Jos 21:27-33

TSK: 1Ch 6:63 - Merari

Merari : 1Ch 6:77-81; Gen 46:11; Num 3:20; Jos 21:7, Jos 21:34-40

TSK: 1Ch 6:64 - the children // with their

the children : Jos 21:41, Jos 21:42

with their : Num 35:2-5

TSK: 1Ch 6:65 - these cities

these cities : 1Ch 6:57-60

TSK: 1Ch 6:66 - the residue

the residue : 1Ch 6:61; Jos 21:20-26

TSK: 1Ch 6:67 - Shechem // Gezer

Shechem : Gen 33:18, Gen 35:4; Jos 20:7, Jos 21:21

Gezer : Jos 12:12, Jos 16:3, Jos 16:10, Jos 21:21; 1Ki 9:16

TSK: 1Ch 6:68 - Jokmeam // Bethhoron

Jokmeam : i.e. gathered of the people; he will establish the people, [Strong’ s H3361], 1Ch 6:68; 1Ki 4:12, Probably the same as Kibzaim, Jos 21:22

Bethhoron : Jos 10:10, Jos 10:11, Jos 16:5; 1Sa 13:18

TSK: 1Ch 6:69 - Aijalon // Gathrimmon

Aijalon : Jos 10:12, Ajalon, Jos 21:24

Gathrimmon : Jos 21:24, Jos 21:25

TSK: 1Ch 6:70 - Aner // Bileam

Aner : Aner is probably another name of Tanach, which was a city of the half tribe of Manasseh, west of Jordan; and Eusebius, Jerome, and Procopius of Gaza, say that it was in their time a considerable place, three miles from Legio. Jos 21:25, Tanach, Gath-rimmon

Bileam : i.e. devouring; foreigner, [Strong’ s H1109]. Compare the same Hebrew word rendered Balaam. Num 22:5; Ibleam is here called Bileam, by a transposition of letters common to all languages. It is evident, however, that many of these cities or their names have been changed since the time of Joshua; but, as it has been well observed, Salop and Shrewsbury, Sarum and Salisbury, are as different names as any in these catalogues; yet those who live in their vicinity are not at all confused by them. Some cities also are here mentioned as belonging to Ephraim, which in Joshua are spoken of as cities of Dan; but various changes in such matters would occur in a course of ages. Jos 17:11, Ibleam, Jdg 1:27

TSK: 1Ch 6:71 - Golan // Bashan // Ashtaroth

Golan : Deu 4:43; Jos 20:8, Jos 21:27

Bashan : Num 21:33; Jos 12:4; 1Ki 4:13

Ashtaroth : Deu 1:4; Jos 9:10, Jos 21:27, Beesh-terah, Jdg 2:13

TSK: 1Ch 6:72 - Kedesh // Daberath

Kedesh : Jos 15:23, Jos 19:37, Jos 21:32; Jdg 4:9

Daberath : Jos 19:12, Jos 21:28, Jos 21:29, Kishon, Daberah, Jarmuth, En-gannim

TSK: 1Ch 6:73 - Ramoth // Anem

Ramoth : i.e. heights; coral, [Strong’ s H7216], Deu 4:43; Jos 20:8; 1Ch 6:73, 1Ch 6:80

Anem : i.e. double fountain; two eyes, [Strong’ s H6046].

TSK: 1Ch 6:74 - Mashal

Mashal : i.e. entreaty, [Strong’ s H4913], Jos 19:26, Jos 21:30, Mishal

TSK: 1Ch 6:75 - Hukok

Hukok : i.e. a ditch; appointed portion; the engraving, [Strong’ s H2712]. 1Ch 6:75; Jos 19:34, Compare, Jos 19:25, Jos 19:26, Jos 21:31, Helkath

TSK: 1Ch 6:76 - Kedesh // Hammon // Kirjathaim

Kedesh : Jos 12:22, Jos 19:37, Jos 20:7, Jos 21:32; Jdg 4:6, Kadesh-naphtali

Hammon : Jos 19:35, Jos 19:37, Jos 21:32, Hammoth-dor, Kartan

Kirjathaim : Num 32:37

TSK: 1Ch 6:77 - Unto // Rimmon // Tabor

Unto : Jos 21:34-39

Rimmon : Jos 19:12, Jos 19:13, Jos 21:34, Jos 21:35, Jokneam, Kartah, Dimnah, Nahalal, 2Ki 5:18

Tabor : Jdg 4:6; Probably the city on the summit of Tabor, mentioned by Polybius and Josephus, the remains of which still exist.

TSK: 1Ch 6:78 - Bezer // Jahzah

Bezer : Deu 4:41-43; Jos 20:8, Jos 21:36

Jahzah : i.e. threshing-floor, [Strong’ s H3096], 1Ch 6:78; Jos 13:18; Jer 48:21; Jos 21:36, Jos 21:37, Jahazah

TSK: 1Ch 6:79 - Kedemoth // Mephaath

Kedemoth : Jos 13:18

Mephaath : Jos 13:18

TSK: 1Ch 6:80 - Ramoth // Mahanaim

Ramoth : 1Ch 6:73; Jos 21:38, Jos 21:39; 1Kings 22:3-28; 2Ki 9:1

Mahanaim : Gen 32:2; Jos 21:38; 2Sa 17:24, 2Sa 17:27, 2Sa 19:32

TSK: 1Ch 6:81 - Heshbon // Jazer

Heshbon : Num 21:25, Num 32:37; Deu 2:24; Jos 13:26; Neh 9:22; Son 7:4

Jazer : Num 32:1, Num 32:3; Jos 13:25, Jos 21:39

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: 1Ch 6:31 - These are they // The service // After that the ark had rest

These are they whose names here follow.

The service Heb. the hands . Hand put for ministry or service , which is commonly performed by the hand. Thus God is frequently said to speak or command things by the hand (i.e. the ministry) of Moses. Compare 2Ch 29:27 .

After that the ark had rest which was in David’ s time, 2Sa 6:17 .

Poole: 1Ch 6:32 - The dwelling-place of the tabernacle // According to their order

The dwelling-place of the tabernacle or, the tabernacle of the tent , as the same Hebrew words are translated, Exo 39:32 40:2,6 .

According to their order which David had appointed by the Spirit, as it follows in this book.

Poole: 1Ch 6:33 - These // Heman // Shemuel

These to wit,

Heman here mentioned; and Asaph , 1Ch 6:39 ; and Ethan , 1Ch 6:44 .

Shemuel or, Samuel the prophet.

Poole: 1Ch 6:39

Asaph is here called Heman’ s brother , both by birth, being of the same tribe and father, Levi; and by his office and employment, which was thee same with his.

Poole: 1Ch 6:44 - Ethan

Ethan called also Jeduthun , 1Ch 9:16,2Ch 35:15 , and in the titles of divers psalms.

Poole: 1Ch 6:48 - The Levites

The Levites such of them as had no skill in singing were otherwise employed.

Poole: 1Ch 6:49

Having mentioned the work and employment of the high priests, he briefly rehearseth the names of the persons who successively performed it.

Poole: 1Ch 6:54

Or, this lot or portion which here follows. Or, the first lot , as appears by the sequel.

Poole: 1Ch 6:57 - They gave the cities

They gave the cities or, out of the cities ; the Hebrew eth being put for meeth , as hath been oft noted.

Poole: 1Ch 6:60

Whereof eleven are here numbered, and two more added to them, Jos 21:13 .

Poole: 1Ch 6:61 - Which were left // By lot, ten cities

Which were left over and above the priests who were of the same family of Kohath and tribe of Levi.

By lot, ten cities or, by lot (with a full point, for there the sense ends).

All their cities were ten cities , as it is expressly said, Jos 21:6 . These words, all their cities were , are to be understood out of the former verse; which is not unusual in the Holy Scripture. And so this sacred writer explains himself, 1Ch 6:66 , &c., where eight of these cities are named, whereof only two are taken out of this half tribe of Manasseh, 1Ch 6:70 , the other two being named, Jos 21:21 , &c., where these things are more plainly and fully declared.

Poole: 1Ch 6:62 - To the sons of Gershom

To the sons of Gershom understand here, cities were given , which is also understood 1Ch 6:61 , and expressed 1Ch 6:64 .

Poole: 1Ch 6:64 - To the Levites // These cities

To the Levites i.e. to the tribe of Levi, consisting of priests and other Levites.

These cities which are numbered or named in this chapter.

Poole: 1Ch 6:65 - They gave // Which are called by their names

They gave to wit, to those Levites of the family of Kohath who were priests, as appears both by 1Ch 6:57 , &c., where the cities given to the Aaronites are said to be taken out of the tribes here named, even out of Judah (under which Simeon is comprehended, because his lot lay within that of Judah) and Benjamin; and by the next verse, where the other Kohathites who were not priests are called the residue of the families of the sons of Kohath , by way of distinction from those of them to whom this 1Ch 6:65 relates.

Which are called by their names which are expressed by their names above, 1Ch 6:57 , &c.

Poole: 1Ch 6:66 - Of their coasts

Of their coasts or, of their borders , i.e. of their country contained within its borders, as that word is oft used, as hath been noted before.

Poole: 1Ch 6:67 - They gave // Unto them // Of the cities of refuge

They gave either the Ephraimites; or rather, the children of Israel, as it is expressed, 1Ch 6:64 , who gave part out of Ephraim, and part out of the half tribe of Manasseh, as it here follows. But the Ephraimites could not give away any cities belonging to the Manassites.

Unto them i.e. to the residue of the Kohathites last mentioned.

Of the cities of refuge or, the cities (i.e. the city, the plural number used of one; of which frequent examples have been given before: see 1Ch 7:3,12,14 ) of refuge . Or, cities , (the construct form being put for the absolute, of which there want not examples in the Hebrew language,) the city of refuge . As to the names of these cities, divers of them are differing from those names which were given to them, Jos 21:13 . Nor is it at all strange that the names of places should be changed in so many hundreds of years as were between Joshua and this time. And to the cities themselves, this is further to be observed, that they are dispersed among all the tribes, partly that Jacob’ s prophecy might be fulfilled concerning the scattering of Levi. Gen 49:7 : and partly that every tribe might have teachers among them, by whom they might be directed in and quickened to the observation of God’ s laws, upon which their safety and happiness wholly depended.

Haydock: 1Ch 6:31 - The singing // Placed

The singing. Hebrew, "the hands or places of the canticle," the two tribunes on each side of the altar. Heman presided over the band in the middle, while Asaph directed those on the right, and Ethan those on the left, ver. 33, 39, and 44. (Calmet) ---

Placed. Hebrew, "rested," as before David's time it had been carried about. He erected a tabernacle for it on Sion, and directed the Levites to attend in order, (chap. xxv.) so that some should be present every day (Menochius) to honour God, both by instruments and vocal music, while the priests performed their sacred functions with the utmost decency.

Haydock: 1Ch 6:33 - Heman

Heman. Some families among the Levites were more distinguished than the rest, having authority to regulate the singers, and to give the tune. Hence many psalms are addressed to these three masters of music. Yet from those titles we cannot surely infer that those psalms were composed by Asaph, &c. (Calmet)

Haydock: 1Ch 6:34 - Eliel

Eliel. Many of the genealogies do not seem to agree in these first 10 chapters, as some more obscure names have been passed over, (Menochius) or the people had different names, or, through the fault of transcribers, some alteration has taken place, which could hardly be avoided, without a constant miracle. (Haydock)

Haydock: 1Ch 6:39 - Brother

Brother, or relation, though of the family of Gerson. He also followed the same profession as Ethan did, ver. 44.

Haydock: 1Ch 6:44 - Ethan

Ethan is also called Idithun (chap. xxv. 1, 8.[6.?]) in the Psalms. (Calmet)

Haydock: 1Ch 6:48 - Brethren

Brethren. All the other Levites, who were not Cantors. (Menochius)

Haydock: 1Ch 6:49 - Offerings

Offerings, which is here the meaning of incensum; as "incense" was not burnt on this altar, but only victims, Exodus xxix. 13.

Haydock: 1Ch 6:53 - Sadoc // Achimaas

Sadoc. By God's ordinance Heli had been appointed. But the dignity still subsisted in Aaron's family. (Worthington) ---

Achimaas, who was pontiff in the days of Solomon. This genealogy had been brought down to the Captivity, ver, 3, &c.) which shews that the author give extracts from different records.

Haydock: 1Ch 6:55 - Suburbs

Suburbs, or 2000 cubits round the city. See Josue xx., and xxi. (Calmet)

Haydock: 1Ch 6:57 - Of // Hari

Of, is not authorized by the Vulgate civitates, but is added, to signify that all these 13 cities were not thus privileged. (Haydock) ---

There were only six cites of refuge, of which Hebron was one. See Josue xx. 7. (Calmet) (Menochius) ---

Protestants, "And to the sons of Aaron they gave the cities of Juda, namely, Hebron, the city of refuge." But "such a licence to insert words at pleasure, cannot be allowed." Hebrew literally, "they gave cities of Hebrew refuge, Hebron," &c. The "sense absolutely disallows the word Judah, " which is omitted , (Josue xxi. 13.) as well as in some Hebrew manuscripts in the Bamberg, and Complutensian editions, and in those of Jablonski and Michaelis. ---

Hari, "cities," ought to be hir, "a city," as only one is meant. We should also add with the Arabic and Syriac, and the parallel passage in Josue, "and her suburbs," after Hebron. (Kennicott) ---

"Juda" is not found in the Septuagint, &c.: and Buxtorf acted with little wisdom, when he thought he had sufficiently answered Capellus, by observing that the Masora declared the word to be authentic. ( Anticrit. ) It is a great misfortune that most of the printed Hebrew editions have been given under such influence; and that the Masorets have defaced so many manuscripts by their corrections. (Haydock) ---

Hence they probably burnt all the first edition of Naples, 1487, except part of a single copy, comprising the Cethubim given to Eton college by Dr. Pellet, which omits the word Juda. (Kennicott, Dis. i. p. 520-2)

Haydock: 1Ch 6:59 - Asan // Bethsames

Asan, perhaps Jethnan, or Ain, Josue xv. 23., and xxi. 15. Syriac adds Ethra. (Calmet) ---

Bethsames. Alexandrian Septuagint subjoins, "Baither and its suburbs." (Haydock) ---

All these cities were in the tribes of Juda and of Simeon. (Menochius)

Haydock: 1Ch 6:60 - Almath // Thirteen

Almath. Josue, Almon. ---

Thirteen; but Geta and Gabaon are not here expressed, Josue xxi. 16, 17. (Calmet) ---

Alexandrian Septuagint inserts, "Lebee," before, and "Anchos, with its suburbs," after Anathoth, thus making 14; but these additional cities are not sacerdotal. (Haydock)

Haydock: 1Ch 6:61 - Out of

Out of. We may supply, "the tribe of Dan, Ephraim, &c.," as only two cities belonged to Manasses, Josue xxi. 25. (Calmet) ---

Double that number was taken from the two other tribes. (Menochius)

Haydock: 1Ch 6:65 - Them // Names

Them. The priests, ver. 54. (Du Hamel) ---

Names. Some being styled of the priests, (Calmet) other of the Levites, (Menochius) whose dominion as thus asserted. (Calmet)

Haydock: 1Ch 6:66 - The cities

The cities, or rather "some cities," as all were not in the tribe of Ephraim. (Haydock)

Haydock: 1Ch 6:67 - Of the

Of the. Literally, "cities to flee to, ( or of refuge) Sichem," (Haydock) which might induce some to suppose that all these cities were of this description; but, in reality, only Sichem had that privilege. (Calmet) ---

Septuagint is liable to the same ambiguity. See ver. 57., (Haydock) Josue xx. 7., and xxi. 21.

Haydock: 1Ch 6:68 - Jecmaan

Jecmaan, or Cibsaim, (Josue) as Helon is put for Aialon below. And of the tribe of Dan, Eltheco and Gabathon is omitted. See Josue xxi. 23.

Haydock: 1Ch 6:70 - Aner // Baalam

Aner and Baalam, perhaps the same as Thanach and Gethremmon, which were given to the children of Caath of the inferior degree, (Josue xxi. 26.; Calmet) or, who were left out of the rank of priests, (Menochius) or before unprovided for, as the partition was made at different times. ---

Baalam. Hebrew, "Balaam." Septuagint, "Iblaam" is the Jeblaam, Josue xvii. 11.

Haydock: 1Ch 6:71 - Astharoth

Astharoth, or Bosra. (Calmet) ---

Hebrew Hashtaroth, Josue xxi. 27. (Haydock)

Haydock: 1Ch 6:72 - Cedes....Ramoth

Cedes....Ramoth, and Anem, are Cesion, Jaramoth, and Engannim, Josue xxi. 28, 29.

Haydock: 1Ch 6:75 - Hucac....Hamon

Hucac....Hamon, and Cariathaim, are Helcath, Hammoth-Dor, and Carthan.

Haydock: 1Ch 6:77 - Remmono and Thabor

Remmono and Thabor, or, Jecham and Cartha. (Haydock) ---

Damna and Naalol are here omitted, Josue xxi. 35. There was formerly a town on Thabor, perhaps called Ceselet Thabor, Josue xix. 12., and Judges iv. 6. (Calmet)

Gill: 1Ch 6:31 - And these are they // whom David set over the service of the song in the house of the Lord // after the ark had rest

And these are they,.... Who follow; the account of whom begins 1Ch 6:33,

whom David set over the service of the song in the house of the Lord: whom he appointed chief musicians, and masters of the chorus, to manage and conduct that part of divine service in the sanctuary, singing the praises of God, both with vocal and instrumental music:

after the ark had rest; which was when it was brought from the house of Obededom to the city of David, and was placed in a tabernacle he provided for it, 2Sa 6:12, where it remained until the temple was built, when and which was the only time it was removed, whereas before it had been removed from place to place, and so till now had no rest; though some understand this of the ceasing or silence of the oracle over the ark, which was neither consulted by Solomon and his successors, nor any of the high priests afterwards ^g.

Gill: 1Ch 6:32 - And they ministered before the dwelling place of the tabernacles of the congregation with singing // until Solomon had built the house of the Lord in Jerusalem // and then they waited on their office according to their order

And they ministered before the dwelling place of the tabernacles of the congregation with singing,.... Psalms, hymns, and spiritual songs; this service they performed before the ark, which was in a tent or tabernacle David pitched for it; and which the Targum here calls the tabernacle of time, or a temporary tabernacle:

until Solomon had built the house of the Lord in Jerusalem; the temple there:

and then they waited on their office according to their order; performed it in the manner prescribed by David, see 1Ch 25:1.

Gill: 1Ch 6:33-38 - And these are they that waited with their children // of the sons of the Kohathites, Heman a singer // the son of Joel, the son of Shemuel

And these are they that waited with their children,.... They and their posterity, who officiated in the service of singing psalms in the sanctuary: the three heads of them were of the three families of the Levites, as follow:

of the sons of the Kohathites, Heman a singer; the chief of the singers, and who composed psalms and hymns, which are in the book of Psalms:

the son of Joel, the son of Shemuel; or Samuel. This Heman was grandson of Samuel the prophet; for whose sake his genealogy is traced up to Jacob or Israel in the following verses, and stands thus; after Samuel, Elkanah, Jeroham, Eliel, Toah, Zuph, Elkanah, Mahath, Amasai, Elkanah, Joel, Azariah, Zephaniah, Tahath, Assir, Ebiasaph, Korah, Izhar, Kohath, Levi, Israel.

Gill: 1Ch 6:39-43 - And his brother Asaph // who stood on his right hand

And his brother Asaph,.... That is, Heman's brother; so Asaph was, as he was a descendant from the same original ancestor Levi, yet in the line of Gershon; and as being of the same office, a precentor, or chief singer:

who stood on his right hand; he was next to Heman; Heman stood in the middle, which was the most honourable ^h, and Asaph on his right hand, and Ethan, after mentioned, on his left; even Asaph, whose name is often met with in the book of Psalms; and his genealogy here stands thus, as traced up to Levi, viz. Berechiah, Shimea, Michael, Baaseiah, Malchiah, Ethni, Zerah, Adaiah, Ethan, Zimmah, Shimei, Jahath, Gershon, Levi.

Gill: 1Ch 6:44-47 - And their brethren, the sons of Merari // on the left hand

And their brethren, the sons of Merari,.... Who were the brethren of the Kohathites and Gershonites, descending from the same ancestor Levi: stood

on the left hand; that is, of Heman, see 1Ch 6:39, the chief of whom was Ethan, sometimes called Jeduthun, 1Ch 16:41 and often in the book of Psalms; his genealogy is traced up to Levi thus; Kishi, called Kushaiah, 1Ch 15:17 Abdi, Malluch, Hashabiah, Amaziah, Hilkiah, Amzi, Bani, Shamer, Mahli, Mushi, Merari, Levi.

Gill: 1Ch 6:48 - Their brethren also the Levites // were appointed unto all manner of service of the tabernacle of the house of God

Their brethren also the Levites,.... Who were not skilled in singing, and employed in that service, even the rest of the Kohathites, Gershonites, and Merarites:

were appointed unto all manner of service of the tabernacle of the house of God; some were porters at the gates; others had the care of the vessels; others slew the beasts for sacrifices, flayed them, and cut them up, and brought the pieces to the altar of burnt offerings, for the priests to offer.

Gill: 1Ch 6:49-53 - But Aaron and his sons // and they offered upon the altar of burnt offerings // and on the altar of incense // for all the work of the place most holy // to make atonement for all Israel, according to all that Moses the servant of God commanded

But Aaron and his sons,.... Those that descended from him, though of the same tribe of Levi were all priests:

and they offered upon the altar of burnt offerings; the daily sacrifice, and all the offerings of the people brought to them:

and on the altar of incense; they burnt incense night and morning: and were appointed

for all the work of the place most holy; such as were high priests of the line of Eleazar, whose work it was to go into the most holy place once a year:

to make atonement for all Israel, according to all that Moses the servant of God commanded; in Lev 16:1 which see; and on mention of this, a list of the high priests from Aaron, in the line of Eleazar, is given, to the times of Solomon, in the four following verses, just in the same order as in 1Ch 6:4.

Gill: 1Ch 6:54-81 - Now these are their dwelling places

Now these are their dwelling places,.... The dwelling places of the priests and Levites, assigned and given to them in the several tribes of Israel; and the account of them agrees with that in Jos 21:1 with some few variations of names of places, which have been there observed: see the notes there; only in 1Ch 6:57 two cities are omitted, Juttah and Gibeon, through want of care in transcribing, since they are said to be "thirteen", as they should be, whereas eleven only are mentioned. The Jews say ^h, the cities of the suburbs (those here mentioned) ceased from the time the first temple was destroyed; and yet Ezra, who lived after the captivity, and the building the second temple, here gives a very particular account of them; the suburbs belonging to every city, which he particularly mentions, were 2000 cubits, both to the cities of refuge, and the rest, Num 35:5 Hebron, the first city mentioned in the next verse, was a city of refuge, and had suburbs of such a space; and it is remarkable, that some of the temples with the Heathens, which were asylums, or places of refuge, had the space of 2000 paces assigned them for the same sanctity and privilege ⁱ.