Teks -- Leviticus 3:11-17 (NET)

3:11 Then the priest must offer it up in smoke on the altar as a food gift to the Lord. 3:12 “‘If his offering is a goat he must present it before the Lord, 3:13 lay his hand on its head, and slaughter it before the Meeting Tent, and the sons of Aaron must splash its blood against the altar’s sides. 3:14 Then he must present from it his offering as a gift to the Lord: the fat which covers the entrails and all the fat on the entrails, 3:15 the two kidneys with the fat on their sinews, and the protruding lobe on the liver (which he is to remove along with the kidneys). 3:16 Then the priest must offer them up in smoke on the altar as a food gift for a soothing aroma– all the fat belongs to the Lord. 3:17 This is a perpetual statute throughout your generations in all the places where you live: You must never eat any fat or any blood.’”

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Wesley: Lev 3:11 - Burnt it

The parts now mentioned; the rest fell to the priest, Lev 7:31.

Wesley: Lev 3:11 - The food

That is, the fuel of the fire, or the matter of the offering. It is called food, Heb. bread, to note God's acceptance of it, and delight in it; as men delight in their food.

Wesley: Lev 3:16 - Shall burn them

The parts mentioned, among which the tail is not one, as it was in the sheep. because that in goats is a refuse part.

Wesley: Lev 3:16 - All the fat

This is to be limited, To those beasts, which were offered or offerable in sacrifice, as it is explained, Lev 7:23, Lev 7:25.

Wesley: Lev 3:16 - To that kind of fat which is above

mentioned, and required to be offered, which was separated, or easily separable from the flesh for the fat which was here and there mixed with the flesh they might eat.

Wesley: Lev 3:17 - All your dwellings

Not only at or near the tabernacle, not only of those beasts which you actually sacrifice, but also in your several dwellings, and of all that kind of beasts.

Wesley: Lev 3:17 - Fat

Was forbidden, To preserve the reverence of the holy rites and sacrifices. That they might be taught hereby to acknowledge God as their Lord, and the Lord of all the creatures, who might reserve what he pleased to himself. To exercise them in obedience to God, and self - denial and mortification of their appetites, even in those things which probably many of them would much desire.

Wesley: Lev 3:17 - Blood

Was forbidden partly to maintain reverence to God and his worship; partly out of opposition to idolaters, who used to drink the blood of their sacrifices; partly with respect to Christ's Blood, thereby manifestly signified. God would not permit the very shadows of this to be used as a common thing. Nor will he allow us, tho' we have the comfort of the atonement made, to assume to ourselves any share in the honour of making it.

JFB: Lev 3:4-11 - the two kidneys . . . of the flock . . . the whole rump

There is, in Eastern countries, a species of sheep the tails of which are not less than four feet and a half in length. These tails are of a substance between fat and marrow. A sheep of this kind weighs sixty or seventy English pounds weight, of which the tail usually weighs fifteen pounds and upwards. This species is by far the most numerous in Arabia, Syria, and Palestine, and, forming probably a large portion in the flocks of the Israelites, it seems to have been the kind that usually bled on the Jewish altars. The extraordinary size and deliciousness of their tails give additional importance to this law. To command by an express law the tail of a certain sheep to be offered in sacrifice to God, might well surprise us; but the wonder ceases, when we are told of those broad-tailed Eastern sheep, and of the extreme delicacy of that part which was so particularly specified in the statute [PAXTON].

JFB: Lev 3:12 - if his offering be a goat

Whether this or any of the other two animals were chosen, the same general directions were to be followed in the ceremony of offering.

JFB: Lev 3:17 - ye eat neither fat nor blood

The details given above distinctly define the fat in animals which was not to be eaten, so that all the rest, whatever adhered to other parts, or was intermixed with them, might be used. The prohibition of blood rested on a different foundation, being intended to preserve their reverence for the Messiah, who was to shed His blood as an stoning sacrifice for the sins of the world [BROWN].

Clarke: Lev 3:11 - It is the food of the offering

It is the food of the offering - We have already remarked that God is frequently represented as feasting with his people on the sacrifices they offered; and because these sacrifices were consumed by that fire which was kindled from heaven, therefore they were considered as the food of that fire, or rather of the Divine Being who was represented by it. "In the same idiom of speech,"says Dodd, "the gods of the heathens are said, Deu 32:38, to eat the fat and drink the wine which were consumed on their altars.

Clarke: Lev 3:12 - A goat

A goat - Implying the whole species, he-goat, she-goat, and kid, as we have already seen.

Clarke: Lev 3:17 - That ye eat neither fat nor blood

That ye eat neither fat nor blood - It is not likely that the fat should be forbidden in the same manner and in the same latitude as the blood. The blood was the life of the beast, and that was offered to make an atonement for their souls; consequently, this was never eaten in all their generations: but it was impossible to separate the fat from the flesh, which in many parts is so intimately intermixed with the muscular fibres; but the blood, being contained in separate vessels, the arteries and veins, might with great ease be entirely removed by cutting the throat of the animal, which was the Jewish method. By the fat therefore mentioned here and in the preceding verse, we may understand any fat that exists in a separate or unmixed state, such as the omentum or caul, the fat of the mesentery, the fat on the kidneys, and whatever else of the internal fat was easily separable, together with the whole of the tail already described. And probably it was the fat of such animals only as were offered to God in sacrifice, that was unlawful to be eaten. As all temporal as well as spiritual blessings come from God, he has a right to require that such of them should be dedicated to his service as he may think proper to demand. He required the most perfect of all the animals, and the best parts of these perfect animals. This he did, not that he needed any thing, but to show the perfection of his nature and the purity of his service. Had he condescended to receive the meanest animals and the meanest parts of animals as his offerings, what opinion could his worshippers have entertained of the perfection of his nature? If such imperfect offerings were worthy of this God, then his nature must be only worthy of such offerings. It is necessary that every thing employed in the worship of God should be the most perfect of its kind that the time and circumstances can afford. As sensible things are generally the medium through which spiritual impressions are made, and the impression usually partakes of the nature of the medium through which these impressions are communicated; hence every thing should not only be decent, but as far as circumstances will admit dignified, in the worship of God: the object of religious worship, the place in which he is worshipped, and the worship itself, should have the strongest and most impressive correspondence possible.

TSK: Lev 3:11 - burn // the food

burn : Lev 3:5; Psa 22:14; Isa 53:4-10; Rom 8:32

the food : Lev 3:16, Lev 21:6, Lev 21:8, Lev 21:17, Lev 21:21, Lev 21:22, Lev 22:25; Num 28:2; Eze 44:7; Mal 1:7, Mal 1:12; 1Co 10:21; Rev 3:20

TSK: Lev 3:12 - a goat

a goat : Lev 3:1, Lev 3:7-17, Lev 1:2, Lev 1:6, Lev 1:10, Lev 9:3, Lev 9:15, Lev 10:16, Lev 22:19-27; Isa 53:2, Isa 53:6; Mat 25:32, Mat 25:33; Rom 8:3; 2Co 5:21

TSK: Lev 3:13 - lay his hand // sprinkle

lay his hand : Lev 3:1-5, Lev 3:8; Isa 53:6, Isa 53:11, Isa 53:12; 2Co 5:21; 1Pe 2:24, 1Pe 3:18

sprinkle : Lev 3:2, Lev 3:8; Isa 52:15; Rom 5:6-11, Rom 5:15-21; Heb 12:24; 1Pe 1:2

TSK: Lev 3:14 - the fat that covereth

the fat that covereth : Lev 3:3-5, Lev 3:9-11; Psa 22:14, Psa 22:15; Pro 23:26; Jer 20:18; Mat 22:37, Mat 26:38; Rom 12:1, Rom 12:2

TSK: Lev 3:15 - caul above

caul above : Lev 3:4

TSK: Lev 3:16 - it is the food // all the fat

it is the food : Lev 3:11

all the fat : Lev 3:3-5, Lev 3:9-11, Lev 3:14, Lev 3:15, Lev 4:8-19, Lev 4:26, Lev 4:31, Lev 7:23-25, Lev 8:25, Lev 9:24, Lev 17:6; Exo 29:13, Exo 29:22; 1Sa 2:15, 1Sa 2:16; 2Ch 7:7; Isa 53:10; Mat 22:37

TSK: Lev 3:17 - a perpetual // eat neither // blood

a perpetual : Lev 6:18, Lev 7:36, Lev 16:34, Lev 17:7, Lev 23:14; Num 19:21

eat neither : That is, neither the blood which is contained in the larger veins and arteries, nor the fat or suet which is within the animal, which exists in a separate or unmixed state, as the omentum or caul , the fat of the mesentery , or fatty part of the substance which connects the convolutions of the alimentary canal or small intestines, the fat of the kidneys , and whatever else of the internal fat was easily separable, together with the whole of the tail already described; for the blood which assumes the form of gravy, and the fat which is intermixed with the other flesh, might be eaten. This law not only related to the sacrifices, but to all the cattle which the Israelites slaughtered for food. Lev 3:16; Deu 32:14; Neh 8:10

blood : Lev 7:23, Lev 7:25-27, Lev 17:10-14; Gen 9:4; Deu 12:16, Deu 12:23, Deu 15:23; 1Sa 14:32-34; Eze 33:25, Eze 44:7, Eze 44:15; Mat 16:24, Mat 26:28; Act 15:20, Act 15:21, Act 15:29; Eph 1:7, Eph 5:26; 1Ti 4:4

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Lev 3:11 - The priest shall burn it // The food of the offering

The priest shall burn it i.e. the parts now mentioned, and for the rest, they fell to the priest, Lev 7:31 .

The food of the offering i.e. the fuel of the fire, or the matter of the offering. It is called food , bread , to note God’ s acceptance of it, and delight in it, as men delight in their food.

Poole: Lev 3:16 - The priest shall burn them // All the fat

The priest shall burn them the parts mentioned, among which the tail is not one, as it was in the sheep, because that in goats is a refuse part.

All the fat: this is to be limited,

1. To those beasts which were offered or might be offered in sacrifice, as it is explained and restrained Lev 7:23,25 .

2. To that kind of fat which is here above mentioned, and required to be offered, which was separated, or easily separable, from the flesh; for the fat which was here and there mixed with the flesh they might eat, Deu 32:14 Neh 8:10 .

Poole: Lev 3:17 - Throughout all your dwellings // That ye eat neither fat // Nor blood

Throughout all your dwellings not only at or near the tabernacle, nor only of those beasts which you actually sacrifice, but also in your several dwellings, and of all that kind of beasts.

That ye eat neither fat: this was forbidden,

1. To preserve the reverence of the holy rites and sacrifices.

2. That they might be taught hereby to acknowledge God as their Lord, and the Lord of all the creatures, who might reserve what he pleased to himself.

3. To exercise them in obedience to God, and self-denial, and mortification of their appetites, even in those things which probably many of them would much desire.

Nor blood: this was forbidden, partly, to maintain reverence to God and his worship; partly, out of opposition to idolaters, who used to drink the blood of their sacrifices; partly, with respect unto Christ’ s blood, thereby manifestly signified; and partly, for moral admonition about avoiding cruelty, &c.

PBC: Lev 3:12

Compare Le 3:7 "If he offer a lamb for his offering, then shall he offer it before the LORD."

It appears that this offering was not for any sins committed, but from a grateful spirit of peace with God, and it could be a lamb or a goat. When a person committed a sin and took an offering to a priest, the law ordinarily named the animal specifically. Frequently in studying Hebrews, we have failed to follow the clues in the passage back to the proper offering under the Levitical order, an essential step to correctly grasping the NT intent of the passage.

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Haydock: Lev 3:11 - Food

Food, destined for the honour of God, and to be consumed by fire. In other places, God calls these sacrifices his food, and the altar his table. (Chap. xxi. 21.; Malachias i. 7, 12.)

Haydock: Lev 3:17 - Fat

Fat. It is meant of the fat, which by the prescription of the law was to be offered on God's altar: not of the fat of meat, such as we commonly eat. (Challoner) ---

This distinction is sufficiently insinuated; (chap. vii. 25,) whence it also appears that the fat, here forbidden, is only that, which, in all sacrifices, appertains to the Lord, ver. 9, 10. The fat which was intermingled with the flesh might be eaten, and even the rest if the animal was not sacrificed. God repeatedly forbade the use of blood, chap. xvii. 13. Yet the Jews abstain from the fat also of all oxen, sheep, and goats; (Josephus, [Antiquities?] iii. 10,) and some, adhering to the words of this text, forbid the use of fat indiscriminately. (Calmet) ---

Cornelius a Lapide condemns it, if the animal might be offered in sacrifice, though it were slain at home.

Gill: Lev 3:11 - And the priest shall burn it upon the altar // it is the food of the offering made by fire unto the Lord

And the priest shall burn it upon the altar,.... The fat of the tail, of the inwards, the two kidneys, and the caul of the liver:

it is the food of the offering made by fire unto the Lord; or "bread"; this part of the offering that was burnt belonged to the Lord; it was his food, and what was accepted of by him, and therefore is elsewhere called the bread of God, Lev 21:8.

Gill: Lev 3:12 - And if his offering be a goat // then he shall offer it before the Lord

And if his offering be a goat,.... As it might be, and which also was of the flock:

then he shall offer it before the Lord; in the same place and manner as the bullock and the lamb, Lev 3:1

Gill: Lev 3:13 - And he shall lay his hand upon the head of it

And he shall lay his hand upon the head of it,.... His right hand, according to the Targum of Jonathan, as before; the same directions are given for the killing of it, and for the sprinkling of its blood, as in the offerings of the bullock and lamb.

Gill: Lev 3:14-15 - And he shall offer thereof his offering

And he shall offer thereof his offering,.... The same rules are laid down about taking the fat off of several parts as in the sacrifice of the bullock; but nothing is said of the fat of the rump and tail, as is said of the lamb.

Gill: Lev 3:16 - And the priest shall burn them upon the altar // it is the food of the offering made by fire // for a sweet savour // all the fat is the Lord's

And the priest shall burn them upon the altar,.... Which shows that not the fat only, but the inwards and the kidneys, were burnt also; so Maimonides says ^l, that the priest salted the parts, and burned them upon the altar; and the priests might not have the breast and shoulder (which were what belonged to them) until the parts were burnt:

it is the food of the offering made by fire; which the Lord ate of, or accepted of:

for a sweet savour; as a type of the sweet smelling sacrifice of Christ, with which he is well pleased:

all the fat is the Lord's; that is, all that was upon the parts mentioned in the several sacrifices of peace offerings, which was to be taken off and burnt: though the Jewish writers understand it of all fat in general, and so interpret the law that follows.

Gill: Lev 3:17 - It shall be a perpetual statute for your generations // throughout all your dwellings // that ye eat neither fat nor blood

It shall be a perpetual statute for your generations,.... That is, unto the end of the Mosaic dispensation, until the Messiah comes, and his sacrifice is offered up, and his blood is shed, till that time in all generations: and

throughout all your dwellings; wherever their habitations should be, it is a law to be observed:

that ye eat neither fat nor blood; the Jewish writers think, that this is not to be restrained to the fat and blood of sacrifices, because these were not offered in their dwellings, but in the tabernacle and temple, and therefore interpret it of fat and blood in general; but what fat and blood are meant may be seen in Lev 7:23 the Targum of Jonathan adds,"but upon the top of the altar it shall be offered to the name of the Lord,''which seems to restrain it to the sacrifices.