Teks -- Romans 16:20 (NET)

16:20 The God of peace will quickly crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus be with you.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: Rom 16:20 - Shall bruise

Shall bruise ( suntripsei ).

Future active of suntribō , old verb, to rub together, to crush, to trample underfoot. Blessed promise of final victory over Satan by "the God of peace.""Shortly"(en tachei ). As God counts time. Meanwhile patient loyalty from us.

Vincent: Rom 16:20 - Shall bruise

Shall bruise ( συντρίψει )

See on Mar 5:4; see on Luk 9:39.

Wesley: Rom 16:20 - And the God of peace

The Author and Lover of it, giving a blessing to your discretion.

Wesley: Rom 16:20 - Shall bruise Satan under your feet

Shall defeat all the artifices of that sower of tares, and unite you more and more together in love.

JFB: Rom 16:20 - And the God of peace shall bruise Satan under your feet shortly

The apostle encourages the Romans to persevere in resisting the wiles of the devil with the assurance that, as good soldiers of Jesus Christ, they are "shortly" to receive their discharge, and have the satisfaction of "putting their feet upon the neck" of that formidable enemy--symbol familiar, probably, in all languages to express not only the completeness of the defeat, but the abject humiliation of the conquered foe. (See Jos 10:24; 2Sa 22:41; Eze 21:29; Psa 91:13). Though the apostle here styles Him who is thus to bruise Satan, the God of peace," with special reference to the "divisions" (Rom 16:17) by which the church at Rome was in danger of being disturbed, this sublime appellation of God has here a wider sense, pointing to the whole "purpose for which the Son of God was manifested, to destroy the works of the devil" (1Jo 3:8); and indeed this assurance is but a reproduction of the first great promise, that the Seed of the woman should bruise the Serpent's head (Gen 3:15).

JFB: Rom 16:20 - The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you. Amen

The "Amen" here has no manuscript authority. What comes after this, where one would have expected the epistle to close, has its parallel in Phi 4:20, &c., and being in fact common in epistolary writings, is simply a mark of genuineness.

Clarke: Rom 16:20 - The God of peace

The God of peace - Who neither sends nor favors such disturbers of the tranquillity of his Church

Clarke: Rom 16:20 - Shall bruise Satan

Shall bruise Satan - Shall give you the dominion over the great adversary of your souls, and over all his agents who, through his influence, endeavor to destroy your peace and subvert your minds

Several critics suppose that the word Satan is a sort of collective term here, by which all opposers and adversaries are meant; and especially those false teachers to whom he refers above

Clarke: Rom 16:20 - The grace of our Lord

The grace of our Lord - That you may be truly wise simple, obedient, and steady in the truth, may the favor or gracious influence of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you! without which you cannot be preserved from evil, nor do any thing that is good

Here the apostle appears to have intended to conclude his epistle; but afterwards he added a postscript, if not two, as we shall see below. Several ancient MSS. omit the whole of this clause, probably thinking that it had been borrowed from Rom 16:24; but on the ground that the apostle might have added a postscript or two, not having immediate opportunity to send the epistle there is no need for this supposition.

Calvin: Rom 16:20 - God shall bruise Satan, etc

20. What follows, God shall bruise Satan, etc, is a promise to confirm them, rather than a prayer. He indeed exhorts them to fight manfully against Satan, and promises that they should shortly be victorious. He was indeed once conquered by Christ, but not in such a way but that he renews the war continually. He then promises ultimate defeat, which does not appear in the midst of the contest. At the same time he does not speak only of the last day, when Satan shall be completely bruised; but as Satan was then confounding all things, raging, as it were, with loose or broken reins, he promises that the Lord would shortly subdue him, and cause him to be trodden, as it were, under foot. Immediately a prayer follows, — that the grace of Christ would be with them, that is, that they might enjoy all the blessings which had been procured for them by Christ.

Defender: Rom 16:20 - bruise Satan under your feet

There is a clear allusion here to the primeval promise of Gen 3:15, anticipating the final victory of Christ over Satan, when the Seed of the woman will crush the head of that old serpent (Rev 20:2, Rev 20:10). In the meantime, believers, who also in a sense are the woman's seed (Rev 12:17), can achieve local victories over Satan and his wiles by resisting him "steadfast in the faith" (1Pe 5:9). If we resist him with Scripture as Jesus did, testing and refuting his enticements therewith (Mat 4:4, Mat 4:7, Mat 4:10), then he will "flee from you" (Jam 4:7), just as he did from Jesus, "for a season" (Luk 4:13). Such local victories can be obtained over these dangerous teachers shortly in this manner, but we need to be continually alert to recurrent attacks. The ultimate victory over Satan will be won only by the Lord Jesus Christ when He returns.

Defender: Rom 16:20 - Amen

There are three "amens" pronounced by Paul as he tries to bring his Roman epistle to a close (Rom 16:20, Rom 16:24, Rom 16:27). There had been another "amen" at the end of Chapter 15."

TSK: Rom 16:20 - the God // shall // bruise // The grace

the God : Rom 15:33

shall : Gen 3:15; Isa 25:8-12; Rom 8:37; Heb 2:14, Heb 2:15; 1Jo 3:8; Rev 12:10; Rev 20:1-3

bruise : or, tread, Job 40:12; Isa 63:3; Zec 10:5; Mal 4:3; Luk 10:19

The grace : Rom 16:24; 1Co 16:2-4; 2Co 13:14; Gal 6:18; Phi 4:23; 1Th 5:28; 2Th 3:18; 2Ti 4:22; Phm 1:25; Rev 22:21

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Rom 16:20 - The God of peace // Shall bruise Satan under your feet // Shortly // The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you

And, &c.: q.d. And to encourage you to be watchful, I dare promise you shall be successful.

The God of peace so he is called, Rom 15:33 .

Shall bruise Satan under your feet: the word signifies to bruise by treading: it imports the conquest that the Lord gives his people over Satan and all his wicked instruments, that divide, seduce, or oppress his people; the promise is that they shall overcome him and them; they shall deal by Satan and his agents, as Joshua and his captains did by those five kings, Jos 10:24 : see Rev 22:11 . This promise plainly bears upon the first grand promise, in Gen 3:15 , that Jesus Christ, the Seed of the woman, should bruise the head of the serpent; for it is by virtue of his bruising the head of Satan, that he is subdued and brought under our feet. The seed of the woman, in their own persons, as well as in their representative, shall bruise the serpent’ s head.

Shortly or suddenly; though now he rage, yet ere long he shall be thrown down. Some refer this to the day of judgment: others, to the time of Constantine, who overthrew idolatry; and that it is not only a promise, but a prophecy also of the conversion of the Roman empire. There are that think that the apostle doth comfort here the believing Romans, by telling them, that the dissensions raised amongst them by means of Satan’ s malice and subtlety, should be shortly quenched and reconciled; and that it was effected partly by this Epistle, and partly by the apostle’ s labours afterwards amongst them.

The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you: as he began this Epistle with wishing them grace and peace, so he ends it. He had said, Rom 15:33 ,

The God of peace be with you; and here he saith: The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you. He was once and again shutting up his Epistle, but having more room and time, he makes some short additions and supplements, as it is usual with those that write epistles. This salutation he was wont in the end of every Epistle to write with his own hand, 2Th 3:17 . It is repeated, Rom 16:24 . Hereby he intimates the necessity of the grace of Christ, therefore he prayeth for it again and again. See Poole on "Rom 1:7" .

Gill: Rom 16:20 - And the God of peace // shall bruise Satan under your feet shortly // The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you, Amen

And the God of peace,.... See Gill on Rom 15:33;

shall bruise Satan under your feet shortly. Some read this by way of wish or prayer, "may the God of peace bruise"; so the Vulgate Latin, Syriac, and Ethiopic versions, and the Alexandrian copy; but others as ours, as a promise, or as expressive of the apostle's faith and hope in this matter; and which he mentions to encourage the members of this church to be upon their guard, and make head against these false teachers; since in a little time they might be assured of victory over Satan and these his emissaries: as it is before suggested, that the methods these men used to beguile weak minds were much like those that Satan used when he attacked our first parents, so here is a manifest allusion to what was said by way of threatening to him, "it", the woman's seed, "shall bruise thy head", Gen 3:15; and which has had its accomplishment in Christ, who has not only destroyed the works of the devil, but him himself, and spoiled his principalities and powers, and bruised him and them under his feet, when he led captivity captive; and though, for the trial of the graces of his people, Satan is permitted to attack them in various shapes, yet in a short time he will be bruised under their feet, as he is already under their Lord and master's. The apostle refers not so much to his coming among them in a short time, when he might hope and believe that he should be an instrument of crushing these men Satan made use of, of quelling the contentions they raised, and putting a stop to the divisions they made, and under the influence, and by the assistance of the God of peace, restore them to their former peace and tranquillity, though it is a sense not to be despised; much less does he refer to the destruction of Jerusalem, which was to be in a very short time, when the crucifiers of Christ and the persecutors of the saints would have the wrath of God come upon them to the uttermost, since these Romans had no great and immediate concern with them; nor does he regard the spread of the Gospel in the Gentile world, whereby Satan fell as lightning from heaven, and was cast out of the idol temples, for this was greatly fulfilled already: but rather he refers to the time of Constantine, when Satan's seat at Rome was overturned, when he was cast down from his throne and trampled under feet, who had deceived the whole world, the whole Roman empire, when the Gospel triumphed over its secret and open enemies, profane persecutors, and perfidious teachers, over idolatry and superstition on the one hand, and error and heresy on the other, though this did not last long; wherefore some have thought the apostle refers to the latter day, when Satan shall be bound a thousand years, or to the last of all, when he shall be for ever under the feet of the saints, and never be able to give them any more trouble; and this the apostle might say would be shortly, since the second coming of Christ was expected to be quickly: yea, this may be applied to the case of every believer now, and be for his encouragement to be vigilant and on his guard against Satan, to resist him, repel his temptations, and oppose his emissaries; since he may assure himself he shall be more than a conqueror over him through Christ, that has loved him, and that in a very little time, when death comes, and he shall enter into the joy of his Lord, where he will be out of the reach of Satan, and unmolested by him.

The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you, Amen: to enable you to abide by the truth; to mark and avoid the authors of sects, and causes of divisions, and offences; to oppose error and defend truth; to keep from falling, to stand against every assault of Satan, and to bear up under every temptation of his; to get the victory over him, and to preserve them safe to the kingdom and glory of Christ.