Teks -- 2 Corinthians 5:10 (NET)

5:10 For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each one may be paid back according to what he has done while in the body, whether good or evil.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: 2Co 5:10 - Before the judgment-seat of Christ

Before the judgment-seat of Christ ( emprosthen tou bēmatos tou Christou ).

Old word bēma , a step (from bainō ), a platform, the seat of the judge (Mat 27:19). Christ is Saviour, Lord, and Judge of us all (tous pantas , the all).

Robertson: 2Co 5:10 - That each may receive

That each may receive ( hina komisētai hekastos ).

Receive as his due, komizō means, old verb. See note on Mat 25:27.

Robertson: 2Co 5:10 - Bad

Bad ( phaulon ).

Old word, akin to German faul , worthless, of no account, base, wicked.

Vincent: 2Co 5:10 - Appear

Appear ( φανερωθῆναι )

Rev., better, be made manifest . Appear is not strong enough, since it implies only presence at the judgment-seat. The important fact is our being revealed as we are.

Vincent: 2Co 5:10 - Judgment seat

Judgment seat ( βήματος )

See on Act 7:5.

Vincent: 2Co 5:10 - May receive

May receive ( κομίσηται )

See on 1Pe 1:8. Compare Eph 6:8; Col 3:25.

Vincent: 2Co 5:10 - In the body

In the body ( διά )

Lit., through the body as a medium.

Vincent: 2Co 5:10 - Bad

Bad ( φαῦλον )

See on Jam 3:16.

Wesley: 2Co 5:10 - For we all

Apostles as well as other men, whether now present in the body, or absent from it.

Wesley: 2Co 5:10 - Must appear

Openly, without covering, where all hidden things will be revealed; probably the sins, even of the faithful, which were forgiven long before. For many of their good works, as their repentance, their revenge against sin, cannot other wise appear. But this will be done at their own desire, without grief, and without shame. According to what he hath done in the body, whether good or evil - In the body he did either good or evil; in the body he is recompensed accordingly.

JFB: 2Co 5:10 - appear

Rather, "be made manifest," namely, in our true character. So "appear," Greek, "be manifested" (Col 3:4; compare 1Co 4:5). We are at all times, even now, manifest to God; then we shall be so to the assembled intelligent universe and to ourselves: for the judgment shall be not only in order to assign the everlasting portion to each, but to vindicate God's righteousness, so that it shall be manifest to all His creatures, and even to the conscience of the sinner himself.

JFB: 2Co 5:10 - receive

His reward of grace proportioned to "the things done," &c. (2Co 9:6-9; 2Jo 1:8). Though salvation be of grace purely, independent of works, the saved may have a greater or less reward, according as he lives to, and labors for, Christ more or less. Hence there is scope for the holy "ambition" (see on 2Co 5:9; Heb 6:10). This verse guards against the Corinthians supposing that all share in the house "from heaven" (2Co 5:1-2). There shall be a searching judgment which shall sever the bad from the good, according to their respective,deeds, the motive of the deeds being taken into account, not the mere external act; faith and love to God are the sole motives recognized by God as sound and good (Mat 12:36-37; Mat 25:35-45),

JFB: 2Co 5:10 - done in his body

The Greek may be, "by the instrumentality of the body"; but English Version is legitimate (compare Greek, Rom 2:27). Justice requires that substantially the same body which has been the instrument of the unbelievers' sin, should be the object of punishment. A proof of the essential identity of the natural and the resurrection body.

Clarke: 2Co 5:10 - For we must all appear before the judgment seat

For we must all appear before the judgment seat - We labor to walk so as to please him, because we know that we shall have to give a solemn account of ourselves before the judgment seat of Christ; where he, whose religion we profess, will judge us according to its precepts, and according to the light and grace which it affords

Clarke: 2Co 5:10 - That every one may receive the things

That every one may receive the things - Κομισηται ἑκαστος· That each may receive to himself, into his own hand, his own reward and his own wages

Clarke: 2Co 5:10 - The things done in his body

The things done in his body - That is, while he was in this lower state; for in this sense the term body is taken often in this epistle. We may observe also that the soul is the grand agent, the body is but its instrument. And it shall receive according to what it has done in the body.

Calvin: 2Co 5:10 - We must be manifested // That every one may give account

10.We must be manifested Though this is common to all, yet all without distinction do not raise their views in such a way as to consider every moment, that they must appear before the judgment-seat of Christ. But while Paul, from a holy desire of acting aright, constantly sisted himself before the bar of Christ, he had it in view to reprove indirectly those ambitious teachers, who reckoned it enough to have the plaudits of their fellow-men. ⁵³⁴ For when he says, that no one can escape, he seems in a manner to summon them to that heavenly tribunal. Farther, though the word translated to be manifested might be rendered to appear, yet Paul had, in my opinion, something farther in view — that we shall then come forth to the light, while for the present many are concealed, as it were, in the darkness. For then the books, which are now shut, will be opened. (Dan 7:10.)

That every one may give account As the passage relates to the recompensing of deeds, we must notice briefly, that, as evil deeds are punished by God, so also good deeds are rewarded, but for a different reason; for evil deeds are requited with the punishment that they deserve, but God in rewarding good deeds does not look to merit or worthiness. For no work is so full and complete in all its parts as to be deservedly well-pleasing to him, and farther, there is no one whose works are in themselves well-pleasing to God, unless he render satisfaction to the whole law. Now no one is found to be thus perfect. Hence the only resource is in his accepting us through unmerited goodness, and justifying us, by not imputing to us our sins. After he has received us into favor, he receives our works also by a gracious acceptance. It is on this that the reward hinges. There is, therefore, no inconsistency in saying, that he rewards good works, provided we understand that mankind, nevertheless, obtain eternal life gratuitously. On this point I have expressed myself more fully in the preceding Epistle, and my Institutes will furnish a full discussion of it. ⁵³⁵ When he says in the body, I understand him to mean, not merely outward actions, but all the deeds that are done in this corporeal life.

Defender: 2Co 5:10 - judgment seat

The "judgment seat" (Greek bema) is not the "great white throne" (Rev 20:11) where unbelievers are to be judged by their works and then sent into hell, but a judgment for rewards, or loss of rewards, to believers (Rom 14:10-12; 1Co 3:11-15; Rev 22:12)."

TSK: 2Co 5:10 - we // receive // in

we : Gen 18:25; 1Sa 2:3, 1Sa 2:10; Psa 7:6-8, Psa 9:7, Psa 9:8, Psa 50:3-6, Psa 96:10-13, Psa 98:9; Ecc 11:9, Ecc 12:14; Eze 18:30; Matt. 25:31-46; Act 10:42, Act 17:31; Rom 14:10-12; 1Pe 4:5; Jud 1:14, Jud 1:15; Rev 20:11-15

receive : 2Co 7:3; 1Ki 8:32, 1Ki 8:39; Job 34:11; Psa 62:12; Isa 3:10,Isa 3:11; Mat 16:27; Rom 2:5-10; 1Co 4:5; Gal 6:7, Gal 6:8; Eph 6:8; Col 3:24, Col 3:25; Rev 2:23, Rev 20:12; Rev 20:13, Rev 22:12

in : Rom 6:12, Rom 6:13, Rom 6:19, Rom 12:1, Rom 12:2; 1Co 6:12-20

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: 2Co 5:10 - the judgmentseat of Christ // That every one may receive the things done in his body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad

The apostle declareth, either the ground of his confidence, or, rather, the reason of his and other believers’ labour, so to behave themselves, as that, both in life and death, they might be accepted of God; that was, his knowledge and firm belief of the last judgment. It is called

the judgmentseat of Christ because he it is whom God hath appointed to be the judge both of the quick and the dead, Act 10:42 . The word translated appear, is pefanerwsyai , which signifieth to be made manifest, and so signifieth not only to appear, but to be inquired into, searched, and examined, and narrowly sifted: and this lets us know, that those texts which speak of believers not being judged, or not coming into judgment, must not be understood of the judgment of inquiry, (for all shall come into that judgment), but of the judgment of condemnation. And it lets us also know the vanity of their opinion, who think that pagans shall not rise again in the last day.

That every one may receive the things done in his body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad: the end of this judgement is declared, that every man may receive according to what he hath done in his body; that is, according to the thoughts he hath thought, the words that he hath spoken, the actions which he hath done, during the time that his soul dwelt upon the earth in his body; whether the things which he did in that state were good, and such things as God required; or sinful, and contrary to the revealed will of God. What this receiving means, we are told, Mat 25:46 : These shall go away into everlasting punishment, but the righteous into life eternal. Hence we read, Joh 5:29 , of a resurrection of life, and a resurrection of damnation.

Gill: 2Co 5:10 - For we must all appear // before the judgment seat of Christ // that everyone may receive the things done in his body // according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad // he that believeth shall be saved, he that believeth not shall be damned

For we must all appear,.... This is a reason why the saints are so diligent and laborious, so earnest and intent upon it, to be accepted of the Lord, because they must stand

before the judgment seat of Christ; who is appointed Judge of the whole earth, who is every way qualified for it, being God omnipotent and omniscient; and when he comes a second time will sit upon his great white throne, a symbol of purity and integrity, and will enter on this work, and finish it with the strictest justice and equity: and before him "we must all appear"; all the saints as well as others, ministers and people, persons of all ranks and conditions, of every nation, age, and sex; there will be no avoiding this judgment, all "must appear", or "be made manifest"; they will be set in open view, before angels and men; their persons, characters, and actions, even the most secret will be:

that everyone may receive the things done in his body; which he has performed by the members of the body as instruments thereof, or whatsoever he has done whilst in the body; and so this not only reaches to words and actions, but includes all the secret thoughts of the mind, and counsels of the heart, which will be made manifest: and when it is said, that "everyone shall receive" these; the meaning is, that he shall receive the reward of them,

according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad; the reward of good works will be of grace, and not of merit: good works will be considered at the last judgment, not as causes of eternal life and happiness, to which the saints will be adjudged; but will be produced in open court as fruits of grace, and as evidences of the truth of faith, which will justify the Judge in proceeding according to what he himself, as a Saviour, has said,

he that believeth shall be saved, he that believeth not shall be damned. The reward of bad works will be in strict and just proportion, according to the nature and demerit of them. The Jews say ^f, that

"all the works which a man does in this world, בגופא, "in the body", and spirit, he must give an account of in body and spirit before he goes out of the world.''

And again ^g, all the works of men are written in a book, הן ביש הן טוב, "whether good or evil", and for them all they must give account.