Teks -- Romans 11:8 (NET)

11:8 as it is written, “God gave them a spirit of stupor, eyes that would not see and ears that would not hear, to this very day.”

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: Rom 11:8 - A spirit of stupor

A spirit of stupor ( pneuma katanuxeōs ).

The quotation is a combination of Deu 19:4; Isa 29:10; Isa 6:9. This phrase is from Isa 29:10. Katanuxis is a late and rare word from katanussō , to prick or stick (Act 2:37), in lxx, here only in N.T., one example in Pelagia-Legende . The torpor seems the result of too much sensation, dulled by incitement into apathy.

Robertson: Rom 11:8 - That they should not see

That they should not see ( tou mē blepein ).

Genitive articular infinitive of negative purpose.

Robertson: Rom 11:8 - That they should not hear

That they should not hear ( tou mē akouein ).

So here also. See Stephen’ s speech (Act 7:51.).

Vincent: Rom 11:8 - It is written

It is written

Three quotations follow, two of which we blended in this verse: Isa 29:10; Deu 29:3 (4).

Vincent: Rom 11:8 - Hath given

Hath given ( ὄδωκεν )

Heb., poured out . Sept., given to drink .

Vincent: Rom 11:8 - Slumber

Slumber ( κατανύξεως )

Heb., deep sleep . Only here in the New Testament. Lit., pricking or piercing , compunction . Compare the kindred verb κατενύγησαν were pricked , Act 2:37. Rev. renders stupor , the secondary meaning; properly the stupefaction following a wound or blow .

Wesley: Rom 11:8

God hath at length withdrawn his Spirit, and so given them up to a spirit of slumber; which is fulfilled unto this day. Isa 29:10

JFB: Rom 11:7-10 - What then?

How stands the fact?

JFB: Rom 11:7-10 - Israel hath not obtained that which he seeketh for

Better, "What Israel is in search of (that is, Justification, or acceptance with God--see on Rom 9:31); this he found not; but the election (the elect remnant of Israel) found it, and the rest were hardened," or judicially given over to the "hardness of their own hearts."

JFB: Rom 11:8 - as it is written

(Isa 29:10; Deu 29:4).

JFB: Rom 11:8 - God hath given

"gave"

JFB: Rom 11:8 - them the spirit of slumber

"stupor"

JFB: Rom 11:8 - unto this day

"this present day."

Clarke: Rom 11:8 - God hath given them the spirit of slumber

God hath given them the spirit of slumber - As they had wilfully closed their eyes against the light, so God has, in judgment, given them up to the spirit of slumber. The very word and revelation of God, which should have awakened their consciences, and opened their eyes and ears, have had a very different effect; and because they did not receive the truth in the love thereof, that which would otherwise have been the savour of life unto life, has become the savour of death unto death; and this continues to the present day.

Calvin: Rom 11:8 - Given them has God, etc

8.Given them has God, etc There is no doubt, I think, but that the passage quoted here from Isaiah is that which Luke refers to in Act 28:26, as quoted from him, only the words are somewhat altered. Nor does he record here what we find in the Prophet, but only collects from him this sentiment, — that they were imbued from above with the spirit of maliciousness, so that they continued dull in seeing and hearing. The Prophet was indeed bidden to harden the heart of the people: but Paul penetrates to the very fountain, — that brutal stupor seizes on all the senses of men, after they are given up to this madness, so that they excite themselves by virulent stimulants against the truth. For he does not call it the spirit of giddiness, but of compunction, when the bitterness of gall shows itself; yea, when there is also a fury in rejecting the truth. And he declares, that by the secret judgment of God the reprobate are so demented, that being stupified, they are incapable of forming a judgment; for when it is said, that by seeing they see nothing, the dullness of their senses is thereby intimated. ³⁴⁷

Then Paul himself adds, to this very day, lest any one should object and say, that this prophecy had been formerly fulfilled, and that it was therefore absurd to apply it to the time of the gospel: this objection he anticipates, by subjoining, that it was not only a blindness of one day, which is described, but that it had continued, together with the unhealable obstinacy of the people, to the coming of Christ. ³⁴⁸

Defender: Rom 11:8 - as it is written

This is a rather free translation and paraphrase of both Isa 29:10, Isa 29:13, and Deu 29:3, Deu 29:4, noting that Israel as a nation has been judicially blinded and deafened as a result of its volitional refusal to see or hear the true revelation and will of God."

TSK: Rom 11:8 - God // slumber // eyes // unto this day

God : Isa 29:10

slumber : or, remorse

eyes : Deu 29:4; Isa 6:9; Jer 5:21; Eze 12:2; Mar 4:11, Mar 4:12; Luk 8:10; Act 28:26

unto this day : 2Ki 17:34, 2Ki 17:41; 2Co 3:14, 2Co 3:15

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Rom 11:8 - It is written // The spirit of slumber // Unto this day

It is written viz. in Isa 6:9 29:10 .

The spirit of slumber the word signifieth, such a dead sleep, as those have, who are pricked or stung with venomous beasts, out of which they hardly or never awake.

Unto this day: q.d. So it was of old, and so it is still. Or else these words (the former being included in a parenthesis) may be joined with the last words of the foregoing verse, thus, the rest were blinded unto this day.

Haydock: Rom 11:8 - God hath given them // And a recompense // And bow down their back always

God hath given them, &c. Not by his working, or acting in them; but by his permission, and by withdrawing his grace in punishment of their obstinacy. (Challoner) ---

Permitted them (says St. John Chrysostom) to fall into the spirit of insensibility. Literally, the spirit of [1] compunction. Compunction is not here taken, as in some spiritual writers, for a great sorrow for sins. In the Latin Vulgate (Isaias vi. 9.) it is called the spirit of slumber, as in the Protestant translation. We cannot have a better judge of the sense of the word than St. John Chrysostom, who tells us, that it signifies a habit of the soul, firmly fixed in evil, and an insensible disposition: as, saith he, persons under a pious compunction are not to be removed from their good resolutions; so the wicked, under a hardened compunction, are nailed, as it were, to vice. And that here this is the true sense, appears by the following words out of Isaias: he hath given them eyes that they should not see, &c. And also out of David, (Psalm lxviii. 23.) let their table be made a snare, &c. We may understand the spiritual food of the word of God, and of the Scriptures; which by the blindness of this people, have served to their great condemnation. ---

And a recompense, that is, for a just punishment of their obstinacy. ---

And bow down their back always, a metaphor to represent the condition of such, as are under heavy oppressions. (Witham) ---

Although by bending their back is literally understood the yoke of servitude and captivity, with which the Jews were oppressed at the destruction of Jerusalem; yet it seems more conformable to the apostle's meaning, when considered in a spiritual sense, and then it will signify the insensibility of the Jews, as to heavenly things, and their anxious solicitude for the things of the earth. This their avaricious and carnal disposition was so manifest, that the poet said of them--- O curvæ in terram animæ et cœlestium inanes.--- (Estius)

===============================

[BIBLIOGRAPHY]

Spiritum compunctionis; Greek: pneuma katanuxeos. In the Latin Vulgate, Isaias xxix. 10, the same Greek words are translated, spiritum soporis; the spirit of slumber. See Mr. Legh, Crit. Sacr. on the word Greek: katanusso. St. John Chrysostom, Greek: om ith. p. 163. Greek: katanuxin, entautha ten peri to cheiron exin tes psuches, &c. See Corn. a Lap. S. Chrys. in the same place; Greek: katanugenai gar ouden eteron esti to empagenai, kai proselosthai.

Gill: Rom 11:8 - According as it is written // God hath given them the spirit of slumber // eyes that they should not see // and ears that they should not hear // unto this day

According as it is written,.... In Isa 29:10 which passages the apostle seems to refer to, though it is not exactly word for word as here, yet the sense is the same:

God hath given them the spirit of slumber; or of stupidity and insensibility, so that they were as persons in a deep sleep; their senses locked up, without any knowledge of, or concern about, the danger they were in; having no sense of sin, or of the need of a Saviour; or of their being upon the borders of eternal ruin and damnation, or of any ways and means to escape it; but careless and secure, as persons fast asleep in the midst of the sea, or upon the top of a mast, who, when stricken and beaten, feel it not; but if by jogging are awaked at all, immediately return to sleep again, and so sleep the sleep of eternal death:

eyes that they should not see; which being closed by the deep sleep and stupidity of mind they were judicially given up to, could see no beauty in Christ, wherefore they should desire him; none of the glories and excellencies of his person, blood, righteousness, and sacrifice; noticing amiable and agreeable in his Gospel, and the truths of it; nor had they any light in the prophets of the Old Testament, which were so remarkably fulfilled in him; their minds were blinded, a vail was upon their hearts, and which remains to this day:

and ears that they should not hear; for persons in a sleep, as their eyes are closed that they cannot see, so their ears are stopped that they cannot hear: and thus it was with these Jews, the awful judgment being upon them; they were uncircumcised in heart and ears; they were like the deaf adder, stopping their ears to the charming voice of Christ in the Gospel; and being given up in a judicial way, could neither understand his speech, nor hear his word: and this spirit of stupidity and insensibility, as it appeared in the times of Isaiah, so it continued

unto this day; the then present time, in which the apostle lived; and has continued ever since, at least in part, and will until the fulness of the Gentiles is brought in. These passages, with some others following, are produced by the apostle out of their own prophets, to take off their resentment against him; and lest, he should be thought to be severe upon them, when he said no more of them, but what had been prophesied long before concerning them. So Jarchi on Isa 29:10; says, that Isaiah prophesies על פושעי ישראל, "concerning the transgressors of Israel".