Teks -- Acts 21:34 (NET)

21:34 But some in the crowd shouted one thing, and others something else, and when the commanding officer was unable unable to find out the truth because of the disturbance, he ordered Paul to be brought into the barracks.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: Act 21:34 - Some shouting one thing, some another

Some shouting one thing, some another ( alloi allo tōi epephōnoun ).

Same idiom of alloi allo as in Act 19:32 which see. The imperfect of epiphōneō , to call out to, suits well the idiom. This old verb occurs in the N.T. only in Luke and Acts (already in Act 12:22).

Robertson: Act 21:34 - When he could not know

When he could not know ( mē dunamenou autou gnōnai ).

Genitive absolute of present middle participle of dunamai with negative mē and second aorist active infinitive of ginōskō .

Robertson: Act 21:34 - The certainty

The certainty ( to asphales ).

Neuter articular adjective from a privative and sphallō , to make totter or fall. Old word, in the N.T. only in Act 21:34; Act 22:30; Act 25:26; Phi 3:1; Heb 6:19.

Robertson: Act 21:34 - Into the castle

Into the castle ( eis tēn parembolēn ).

Koiné[28928]š word from paremballō , to cast in by the side of, to assign soldiers a place, to encamp (see note on Luk 19:43). So parembolē comes to mean an interpolation, then an army drawn up (Heb 11:34), but mainly an encampment (Heb 13:11, Heb 13:13), frequent in Polybius and lxx. So here barracks of the Roman soldiers in the tower of Antonia as in Act 21:37; Act 21:22 : Act 21:24; Act 23:10, Act 23:16, Act 23:32.

Vincent: Act 21:34 - Castle

Castle ( παρευβολήν )

Better, barracks. The main tower had a smaller tower at each corner, the one at the southeastern corner being the largest and overlooking the temple. In this tower were the quarters of the soldiers. The word is derived from the verb παρεμβάλλω , to put in beside, used in military language of distributing auxiliaries among regular troops and, generally, of drawing up in battle-order. Hence the noun means, a body drawn up in battle-array, and passes thence into the meaning of an encampment, soldiers' quarters, barracks. In Heb 11:34, it occurs in the earlier sense of an army; and in Heb 13:11, Heb 13:13; Rev 20:9, in the sense of an encampment. In grammatical phraseology it signifies a parenthesis, according to its original sense of insertion or interpolation.

JFB: Act 21:34 - some cried one thing

The difficulty would be so to state his crimes as to justify their proceedings to a Roman officer.

JFB: Act 21:34 - to be carried into the castle

Rather, perhaps, "the barracks," or that part of the fortress of Antonia appropriated to the soldiers. The fort was built by Herod on a high rock at the northwest corner of the great temple area, and called after Mark Antony.

Calvin: Act 21:34 - Some cried one thing, and some another

34.Some cried one thing, and some another The madness of the raging people doth betray itself on every side. They make horrible outcries, whereof one is contrary to another. Nevertheless, they desire with one consent to have him put to death who was convicted of no offense. In the mean season, we need not doubt but that they were blinded with a color of holy zeal. But the truth of the cause well known maketh men truly zealous, as it maketh them true martyrs of God, but rage betrayeth devilish madness. Whereas mention is made in this place of the camp or fortress, we must know that the soldiers, which were placed to guard the city, had a place which was trenched and fortified on every side, which they might defend as if it were a castle, and from which they might beat back all assaults, if any sedition were raised. For it had not been good for them to have been dispersed here and there in diverse inns, − ⁴⁹³ seeing the people were treacherous, and the city troublesome. And we gather by this that the place was high, because Luke saith, that when they came to the steps, Paul was carried of [by] the soldiers. And whether the soldiers did lift Paul up on high that they might bring him safe to the station or camp, or he was thus tossed with the violence of the crowd, this was no duty [office] of favor. But the greater the cruelty of those which followed him was, God did more plainly declare that he was favorable to his servant in sparing his life, lest if he should have been murdered in the tumult, his death should have wanted due fruit. −

TSK: Act 21:34 - some cried // know // into

some cried : Act 19:32

know : Act 22:30, Act 25:26

into : Act 21:37, Act 22:24, Act 23:10,Act 23:16

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Act 21:34 - Some cried one thing, some another // Into the castle

Some cried one thing, some another as is usual in popular commotions, they agreed in doing mischief, but not in the reason of it.

Into the castle called Antonia, because it was built in honour of Mark Antony, on the north side of the temple.

Haydock: Act 21:34 - Into the castle

Into the castle. [1] Neither the Latin nor the Greek word signifies a castle, but rather a camp, or a place walled, or with a trench about it. It is true, we may here understand the tower, called Antonia; but within its court might be tents for soldiers, where there was so great a number: for we see that Lysias could send away 470 with St. Paul, besides those that might stay behind. (Witham)

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[BIBLIOGRAPHY]

In castra, which in the plural number, is not a castle: neither doth Greek: parembole, which is in the Greek, signify a castle.

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Gill: Act 21:34 - And some cried one thing, and some another, among the multitude // and when he could not know the certainty for the tumult // he commanded him to be carried into the castle

And some cried one thing, and some another, among the multitude,.... For though they agreed to beat him, and even to kill him, yet some of them knew not for what; being led by a blind zeal for Moses, the law and temple, or rather by fury and madness:

and when he could not know the certainty for the tumult; could not come at the truth of the matter, or any certain knowledge of it, not anything that could be depended upon, because of the noise of the people, and the different notes they were in:

he commanded him to be carried into the castle; of Antonio, formerly called Baris, of which Josephus ^e gives this account;

"on the north side (of the wall) was built a four square tower, well fortified and strong; this the kings and priests of the Asmonaean race, who were before Herod, built, and called it Baris; that there the priestly robe might be laid up by them, which the high priest only wore, when he was concerned in divine service:''

this tower King Herod made more strong, for the security and preservation of the temple; and called it Antonia, for the sake of Antony his friend, and the general of the Romans: the description of it, as given by Dr. Lightfoot ^f, which is collected by him out of Josephus and other writers, is this;

"upon the north side, and joining up to the western angle (but on the outside of the wall), stood the tower of Antonia, once the place where the high priests used to lay up their holy garments; but in after times a garrison of Roman soldiers, for the a wing of the temple: when it served for the former use, it was called Baris (it may be from בר, "ad extra", because it was an outer building), but when for the latter, it bare the name of Antonia; Herod the great having sumptuously repaired and called it after the name of the Roman prince Antony: it stood upon the north west point of Moriah, and was a very strong and a very large pile; so spacious a building with all its appurtenances, that it took up to two furlongs' compass; the rock it stood upon was fifty cubits high, and steep, and the building itself was forty cubits above it; it was four square, encompassed with a wall of three cubits high, which enclosed its courts, and had a turret at every corner, like the white tower at London; but that it was more spacious, and that the turrets were not all of an height; for those at the north east and north west corners were fifty cubits high, but those on the south east and south west were seventy cubits high, that they might fully overlook the temple: it had cloisters or walks about it, and baths and lodgings, and large rooms in it; so that it was at once like a castle, and like a palace. There was a passage out of it, into the north and west cloisters of the mountain of the house, and by that the Roman garrison soldiers went down at every festival of the Jews, to take care against tumults and seditions, in those great concourses of the people.''

And it was by this passage that the chief captain, with the centurions and soldiers, came down so quickly and suddenly upon the Jews, while they were beating Paul in the temple; and this castle being on such an eminence as described, hence he with the soldiers is said to run down, Act 21:32 And it was in this way that the apostle was led up to the castle.