Teks -- Acts 1:4 (NET)

1:4 While he was with them, he declared, “Do not leave Jerusalem, but wait there for what my Father promised, which you heard about from me.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: Act 1:4 - Being assembled together with them

Being assembled together with them ( sunalizomenos ).

Present passive participle from sunalizō , an old verb in Herodotus, Xenophon, etc., from sun, with, and halizō , from halēs , crowded. The margin of both the Authorized and the Revised Versions has "eating with them"as if from sun and hals (salt). Salt was the mark of hospitality. There is the verb halisthēte en autōi used by Ignatius Ad Magnes . X, "Be ye salted in him."But it is more than doubtful if that is the idea here though the Vulgate does have convescens illis "eating with them,"as if that was the common habit of Jesus during the forty days (Wendt, Feine, etc.). Jesus did on occasion eat with the disciples (Luk 24:41-43; Mar 16:14).

Robertson: Act 1:4 - To wait for the promise of the Father

To wait for the promise of the Father ( perimenein tēn epaggelian tou patros ).

Note present active infinitive, to keep on waiting for (around, peri ). In the Great Commission on the mountain in Galilee this item was not given (Mat 28:16-20). It is the subjective genitive, the promise given by the Father (note this Johannine use of the word), that is the Holy Spirit ("the promise of the Holy Spirit,"objective genitive).

Robertson: Act 1:4 - Which ye heard from me

Which ye heard from me ( hēn ēkousate mou ).

Change from indirect discourse (command), infinitives chōrizesthai and perimenein after parēggeilen to direct discourse without any ephē (said he) as the English (Italics). Luke often does this ( oratior ariata ). Note also the ablative case of mou (from me). Luke continues in Act 1:5with the direct discourse giving the words of Jesus.

Vincent: Act 1:4 - Being assembled together

Being assembled together ( συναλιζόμενος )

From σύν , together, and ἁλής , thronged or crowded. Both the A. V. and Rev. give eating together in margin, following the derivation from σύν , together, and ἅλς , salt: eating salt together, and hence generally of association at table.

Vincent: Act 1:4 - Commanded

Commanded ( παρήγγειλεν )

Originally to pass on or transmit; hence, as a military term, of passing a watchword or command; and so generally to command.

Vincent: Act 1:4 - To wait for

To wait for ( περιμένειν )

Only here in New Testament.

Vincent: Act 1:4 - The promise

The promise ( ἐπαγγελίαν )

Signifying a free promise, given without solicitation. This is the invariable sense of the word throughout the New Testament, and this and its kindred and compound words are the only words for promise in the New Testament. Ὑπισχνέομαι , meaning to promise in response to a request, does not occur; and ὁμολογέω , Mat 14:7, of Herod promising Salome, really means to acknowledge his obligation for her lascivious performance. See note there.

Vincent: Act 1:4 - Not many days hence

Not many days hence ( οὐ μετὰ πολλὰς ταύτας ἡμέρας )

Lit., not after many of these days. Not after many, but after a few.

Wesley: Act 1:4 - Wait for the promise of the Father, which ye have heard from me

When he was with them a little before, as it is recorded, Luk 24:49.

JFB: Act 1:3-5 - showed himself alive

As the author is about to tell us that "the resurrection of the Lord Jesus" was the great burden of apostolic preaching, so the subject is here filly introduced by an allusion to the primary evidence on which that great fact rests, the repeated and undeniable manifestations of Himself in the body to the assembled disciples, who, instead of being predisposed to believe it, had to be overpowered by the resistless evidence of their own senses, and were slow of yielding even to this (Mar 16:14).

JFB: Act 1:3-5 - after his passion

Or, suffering. This primary sense of the word "passion" has fallen into disuse; but it is nobly consecrated in the phraseology of the Church to express the Redeemer's final endurances.

JFB: Act 1:3-5 - seen of them forty days

This important specification of time occurs here only.

JFB: Act 1:3-5 - speaking of

Rather "speaking."

JFB: Act 1:3-5 - the things pertaining to the kingdom of God

Till now only in germ, but soon to take visible form; the earliest and the latest burden of His teaching on earth.

JFB: Act 1:4 - should not depart from Jerusalem

Because the Spirit was to glorify the existing economy, by descending on the disciples at its metropolitan seat, and at the next of its great festivals after the ascension of the Church's Head; in order that "out of Zion might go forth the law, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem" (Isa 2:3; and compare Luk 24:49).

Clarke: Act 1:4 - And, being assembled together

And, being assembled together - Instead of συναλιζομενος, being assembled together, several good MSS. and versions read συναυλιζομενος, living or eating together, which refers the conversation reported here to some particular time, when he sat at meat, with his disciples. See Mar 16:14 : Luk 24:41-44. But probably the common reading is to be preferred; and the meeting on a mountain of Galilee is what is here meant

Clarke: Act 1:4 - The promise of the Father

The promise of the Father - The Holy Spirit, which indeed was the grand promise of the New Testament, as Jesus Christ was of the Old. And as Christ was the grand promise of the Old Testament, during the whole continuance of the old covenant; so is the Holy Ghost, during the whole continuance of the new. As every pious soul that believed in the coming Messiah, through the medium of the sacrifices offered up under the law, was made a partaker of the merit of his death, so every pious soul that believes in Christ crucified is made a partaker of the Holy Spirit. Thus, as the benefit of the death of Christ extended from the foundation of the world till his coming in the flesh, as well as after, so the inspiration of the Holy Spirit has been, and will be continued through the whole lapse of time, till his coming again to judge the world. It is by this Spirit that sin is made known, and by it the blood of the covenant is applied; and indeed, without this, the want of salvation cannot be discovered, nor the value of the blood of the covenant duly estimated. How properly do we still pray, and how necessary is the prayer, "Cleanse the thoughts of our hearts by the inspiration of thy Holy Spirit, that we may perfectly love thee, and worthily magnify thy name, through Jesus Christ our Lord! Amen."Communion Service

Clarke: Act 1:4 - Ye have heard of me

Ye have heard of me - In his particular conversations with his disciples, such as those related Joh 14:16-26 (note); Joh 15:26 (note); Joh 16:7-15 (note); to which passages, and the notes on them the reader is requested to refer: but it is likely that our Lord alludes more particularly to the conversation he had with them on one of the mountains of Galilee.

Calvin: Act 1:4 - Gathering them together, he commanded, etc // They should wait for the promise

4.Gathering them together, he commanded, etc They had before done the duty of Apostles; but that lasted but a while; and, secondly, so far forth that they might with their preaching awake the Jews to hear their Master. And so that commandment to teach, which Christ had given them, (Mat 10:7,) whilst he lived with them upon earth, was, as it were, a certain entrance into their apostleship which was to come, for which they were not yet ripe. Therefore, their ordinary function was not laid upon them, until such time as Christ was risen again; but they stirred up their nation (as I have said) like criers, that they might give ear to Christ. And then at length, after the resurrection, they were made Apostles, to publish abroad throughout the whole world that doctrine which was committed to them. And whereas after they were made Apostles, Christ commandeth them as yet to abstain from their office, that is done not without just cause; yea, many causes may be alleged why it should be so. That filthy forsaking of their Master was yet fresh; many notes and tokens of unbelief were yet fresh. Whereas, they had been so thoroughly taught, and had so suddenly forgotten all, they showed a manifest token of their great dullness of wit. Neither were they free from sluggishness, which could not otherwise fitly be purged, than by deferring the promised grace, that he might the more sharpen their desire. But this cause is chiefly to be noted, that the Lord did appoint a certain time for the sending of the Spirit, that the miracle might be the more apparent. Again, he suffered them to rest a while, that he might the better set forth the greatness of that business which he was about to commit unto them. And thereby is the truth of the gospel confirmed, because the Apostles were forbidden to address themselves to preach the same, until they should be well prepared in succession of time.

And they were commanded to stay together, because they should all have one spirit given them. If they had been dispersed, the unity should not have been so well known. Though they were scattered abroad afterwards in divers places, yet because they brought that which they had from one and the same fountain, it was all one, as if they always had had all one mouth. Furthermore, it was expedient that they should begin to preach the gospel at Jerusalem, that the prophecy might be fulfilled,

“There shall a law go out of Zion,
and the word of the Lord out of Jerusalem,” (Isa 2:3.)

Although the participle συναλιζομενος, may be diversely translated, yet Erasmus his translation did please me best, because the signification of gathering together will agree better with the text, [context.]

They should wait for the promise It was meet that these should be accustomed to obey first, who should shortly after lay Christ’s yoke upon the neck of the world. And surely they have taught us by their example, that we must work and rest at the Lord’s pleasure alone. For if, during our life, we go on warfare under his banner and conduct, surely he ought to have no less authority over us than any earthly captain hath in his army. Therefore, as warlike discipline requireth this, that no man wage unless he be commanded by the captain, so it is not lawful for us either to go out, or to attempt any thing, until the Lord give the watchword; and so soon as he bloweth the retreat, we must stay, [halt.] Moreover, we are taught that we are made partakers of the gifts of God through hope. But we must mark the nature of hope as it is described in this place. For that is not hope which every man feigneth to himself unadvisedly, but that which is grounded on the promise of God. Therefore Christ cloth not suffer his apostles to look for whatsoever they will, but he addeth expressly the promise of the Father. Furthermore, he maketh himself a witness thereof; because we ought to be so sure and certain, that although all the engines of hell gainstand us, yet this may remain surely fixed in our minds, that we have believed God. I know, saith Paul, whom I have believed, (Tit 1:12.) And here he putteth them in mind of those things which are written in Joh 14:15,

“I will pray the Father, and he shall give you another Comforter, that he may continue with you; I say the Spirit of truth,” etc.

Again,

“I have spoken these things unto you while I am with you.” “And the Spirit, whom my Father shall send in my name, shall teach you all things,” (Joh 14:25,) etc.

And again,

“When the Spirit of truth shall come, whom I will send from my Father, he shall bear witness of me,” (Joh 15:26.)

And again,

“If I shall go hence, I will send you the Comforter, who shall reprove the world,” (Joh 16:7.)

And he had said long before,

“He which believeth in me, out of his belly
shall flow rivers of living water,”
(Joh 7:38.)

TSK: Act 1:4 - being assembled together // commanded // the promise

being assembled together : or, eating together, Act 10:41; Luk 24:41-43

commanded : Luk 24:49

the promise : Act 2:33; Mat 10:20; Luk 11:13, Luk 12:12; Joh 7:39, Joh 14:16, Joh 14:26-28, Joh 15:26; Joh 16:7-15, Joh 20:22

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Act 1:4 - And being assembled together with them // Commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem // The promise of the Father; of my Father

And being assembled together with them by his order, or conversing frequently with them, as those that table together.

Commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem: otherwise the apostles would have abhorred Jerusalem, as reeking afresh in the blood of our Lord. And there Christ chose to pour out his Spirit, that he might show forth his glory in the same place where he suffered ignominy: there Christ would have his apostles to abide, that they might be closer to Mount Olivet, from whence he was to ascend; as also that both his ascension, and the coming of the Holy Ghost, might more publicly be manifest; and that that prophecy, Isa 2:3 , might be fulfilled.

The promise of the Father; of my Father Luk 24:49 ; that is, the Holy Spirit, promised by our Saviour in his Father’ s name, Joh 14:26 ; and may well be called the promise without which all other promises would be of no value unto us.

Haydock: Act 1:4 - And eating with them // Greek: sunalizomenos

And eating with them. [1] This is a literal translation from the vulgar Latin. But the Protestant translation from some Greek copies, would have it, And being assembled together, he commanded them, &c. Mr. Bois defends the Latin Vulgate and even by the authority of St. John Chrysostom who doubtless understood the Greek text, as well as any one, and who takes the Greek word here to signify eating: for he observes that he apostles elsewhere proved Christ's resurrection by his eating and drinking with them. (Acts x. 4.) St. Jerome also says, the derivation of the Greek word, is from eating salt together. (Witham)

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[BIBLIOGRAPHY]

Greek: sunalizomenos, A salis & mensæ communione. Some copies Greek: sunaulizomenos.

Gill: Act 1:4 - And being assembled together with them // commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem // but wait for the promise of the Father // which, saith he, ye have heard of me

And being assembled together with them,.... At their last meeting at Bethany, or Mount Olivet, which was by appointment: some render the words, as the Vulgate Latin, "and eating with them"; which was one of the proofs he gave of his being alive; and so the Syriac version renders it, "and when he had ate bread with them", and the Ethiopic version, "and dining with them", which he might do more than once; see Joh 21:12 this was the last time, when he

commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem; which does not necessarily infer, that they were then at Jerusalem; for they might be, and they seem rather to be at Bethany, or on the Mount of Olives, from whence they afterwards returned to Jerusalem; and from thence they had orders not to depart, where the blood of Christ had been shed, and where were his greatest enemies, and where the disciples might have no inclination to have gone, and much less to abide, but so it must be, partly for the glorifying of Christ by the effusion of his Spirit on the apostles in the place where he had suffered the most reproach; and partly because the Gospel, the word of the Lord, was to go out of this place, according to the prophecy in Isa 2:3 as also because a Gospel church was to be fixed there, and a very large number of souls to be converted, and added to it: wherefore they were bid to go thither, and not stir from thence,

but wait for the promise of the Father; that is, the pouring forth of the Spirit, which God the Father of Christ; and of his people, had promised should be in the last days, Joe 2:28 and which Christ had promised his disciples from the Father, Joh 14:16.

which, saith he, ye have heard of me; or "by", or "out of my mouth", as the Vulgate Latin and Ethiopic versions, and Beza's most ancient copy read; referring to the above passages, or to what follows: and which he the rather mentions, to assure them of its accomplishment, since it was both a promise of the Father, all whose promises are yea and amen; and he had also told them of it, neither of whose words could possibly fall to the ground.