Teks -- Acts 16:7 (NET)

16:7 When they came to Mysia, they attempted to go into Bithynia, but the Spirit of Jesus did not allow them to do this,

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: Act 16:7 - Over against Mysia

Over against Mysia ( kata tēn Musian ).

This was an ill-defined region rather north and west of Phrygia. The Romans finally absorbed most of it in the Province of Asia.

Robertson: Act 16:7 - They assayed to go into Bithynia

They assayed to go into Bithynia ( epeirazon eis tēn Bithunian poreuthēnai ).

Conative imperfect of peirazō and ingressive aorist passive infinitive of poreuomai . Now Bithynia is northeast of Mysia and north of Galatia (province). Clearly Luke means to say that Paul had, when hindered by the Holy Spirit from going west into Asia, gone north so as to come in front of Bithynia. This journey would take him directly through Phrygia and the North Galatian country (the real Gauls or Celts). This is, to my mind, the strongest argument for the North Galatian view in these Act 16:6, Act 16:7. The grammar and the topography bring Paul right up to Bithynia (north of the old Galatia). It is Act 16:6, Act 16:7 that make me pause before accepting the plausible arguments of Ramsay for the South Galatian theory. In itself the problem is nothing like so important or so determinative as he makes it. But shall we smash Luke’ s grammar to pieces to bolster up a theory of criticism?

Robertson: Act 16:7 - And the Spirit of Jesus suffered them not

And the Spirit of Jesus suffered them not ( kai ouk eiasen autous to pneuma Iēsou ).

The same Spirit who in Act 16:6had forbidden going into Asia now closed the door into Bithynia. This expression occurs nowhere else, but we have the spirit of Christ (Rom 8:9) and the Spirit of Jesus Christ (Phi 1:19). Eiasen is first aorist active indicative of eaō , old verb to allow.

Wesley: Act 16:7 - Coming to Mysia, and passing it by, as being a part of Asia, they attempted to go into Bithynia; but the Spirit suffered them not

Forbidding them as before. Sometimes a strong impression, for which we are not able to give any account, is not altogether to be despised.

JFB: Act 16:6-8 - Now when they had gone throughout Phrygia and the region of Galatia

Proceeding in a northwesterly direction. At this time must have been formed "the churches of Galatia" (Gal 1:2; 1Co 16:1); founded, as we learn from the Epistle to the Galatians (particularly Gal 4:19), by the apostle Paul, and which were already in existence when he was on his third missionary journey, as we learn from Act 18:23, where it appears that he was no less successful in Phrygia. Why these proceedings, so interesting as we should suppose, are not here detailed, it is not easy to say; for the various reasons suggested are not very satisfactory: for example, that the historian had not joined the party [ALFORD]; that he was in haste to bring the apostle to Europe [OLSHAUSEN]; that the main stream of the Church's development was from Jerusalem to Rome, and the apostle's labors in Phrygia and Galatia lay quite out of the line of that direction [BAUMGARTEN].

JFB: Act 16:6-8 - and were forbidden of the Holy Ghost

Speaking by some prophet, see on Act 11:27.

JFB: Act 16:6-8 - to preach the word in Asia

Not the great Asiatic continent, nor even the rich peninsula now called Asia Minor, but only so much of its western coast as constituted the Roman province of Asia.

JFB: Act 16:7 - After they were come to Mysia

Where, as being part of Roman Asia, they were forbidden to labor (Act 16:8).

JFB: Act 16:7 - they assayed

Or attempted

JFB: Act 16:7 - to go into

Or, towards.

JFB: Act 16:7 - Bithynia

To the northeast.

JFB: Act 16:7 - but the Spirit

Speaking as before.

JFB: Act 16:7 - suffered them not

Probably because, (1) Europe was ripe for the labors of this missionary party; and (2) other instruments were to be honored to establish the Gospel in the eastern regions of Asia Minor, especially the apostle Peter (see 1Pe 1:1). By the end of the first century, as testified by PLINY the governor, Bithynia was filled with Christians. "This is the first time that the Holy Ghost is expressly spoken of as determining the course they were to follow in their efforts to evangelize the nations, and it was evidently designed to show that whereas hitherto the diffusion of the Gospel had been carried on in unbroken course, connected by natural points of junction, it was now to take a leap to which it could not be impelled but by an immediate and independent operation of the Spirit; and though primarily, this intimation of the Spirit was only negative, and referred but to the immediate neighborhood, we may certainly conclude that Paul took it for a sign that a new epoch was now to commence in his apostolic labors" [BAUMGARTEN].

Clarke: Act 16:7 - After they were come to Mysia

After they were come to Mysia - They passed through Phrygia into Mysia, which lay between Bithynia on the north, Phrygia on the east, Aeolia on the south, and the Mediterranean on the west

Clarke: Act 16:7 - But the Spirit suffered them not

But the Spirit suffered them not - God saw that that was not the most proper time to preach the word at Bithynia; as he willed them to go immediately to Macedonia, the people there being ripe for the word of life. Instead of το πνευμα, the Spirit merely, το πνευμα Ιησου, the Spirit of Jesus, is the reading of ABCDE, several others, with both the Syriac, the Coptic, Ethiopic, Armenian, Vulgate, Itala, and several of the fathers. The reading is undoubtedly genuine, and should be immediately restored to the text.

TSK: Act 16:7 - Bithynia

Bithynia : 1Pe 1:1

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Act 16:7 - Mysia // Bithynia // The Spirit // Suffered them not

Mysia a little country near Troas.

Bithynia another province nigh unto the same place, over against Thracia, bordering upon the Black Sea.

The Spirit the Spirit of Jesus, or of God, as some copies read.

Suffered them not the journeyings of them that preached the gospel, as well as their words, were directed by God; they might not say, Do, or Go, but according to the will of God.

Haydock: Act 16:7 - The spirit of Jesus permitted them not

The spirit of Jesus permitted them not. It is the same spirit, which just before was called the Holy Ghost: for the Holy Ghost is the spirit of Jesus, as proceeding from the Son as well as from the Father. (Witham)

Gill: Act 16:7 - After they were come to Mysia // They assayed to go into Bithynia // but the Spirit suffered them not

After they were come to Mysia,.... Another country in Asia Minor. It is divided by Ptolomy ^a into two parts; superior Mysia is bounded by Dalmatia on the west, by Macedonia on the south, by part of Thrace on the east, and by part of the river Danube on the north; inferior Mysia is bounded on the west with part of the river Ciaber and the Danube, on the south with part of Thrace, on the north with the turn of the river Tyra, and on the east with the Euxine Pontus; but this was the European Mysia: the Mysia which seems here intended, was divided into the lesser Mysia by the Hellespont, and had Troas on the south; and into the greater Mysia by Olympus, which was bounded on the west with the lesser Mysia and Troas, on the east with Bithynia, and on the south with Asia, properly so called. By Pliny ^b it is called Aeolis, and so Jerom says ^c, it was in his times; sometimes it is called Abretta and Abrettina, and of later years Thya, or Thyria: some suggest it has its name of Mysia from Mysus, the brother of Car ^d, the father of the Carions; but according to the Talmudists, it had its name from Meshech, the son of Japheth, Gen 10:2 for they say ^e Meshech, זו מוסיא, "this is Mysia"; Pliny observes ^f, that there are some authors who assert that the Mysians, Brygians, and Thynnians came out of Europe, from whom they are called Mysians, Phrygians, and Bithynians, in Asia. The inhabitants of Mysia were very despicable; hence the proverb, "ultimus Mysorum", "the last of the Mysians" ^g, is used for a very mean and contemptible person. The apostle was willing to preach to the wise and unwise, and disdained not to carry the Gospel to the meanest part of mankind.

They assayed to go into Bithynia; another country in Asia Minor; it makes one province with Pontus, and has the same boundaries; Pontus being at the east, and Bithynia at the west: it was bounded on the north with the Euxine sea, on the east with Galatia, on the south with Asia properly so called, and on the west with the Propontis; according to Pliny ^h it was called Cronia, afterwards Thessalis, then Maliande, (perhaps Mariandyne), and Strymonis; and Herodotus ⁱ reports, that the Thracians going into Asia were called Bithynians, who were first called (as they say) Strymonians, inhabiting Strymon; according to Jerom ^k, it was formerly called Bebrycia, then Mygdonia, and Phrygia Major, and by the river Iera, or, as Pliny calls it, Hieras, is divided from Galatia; to which agrees Solinus ^l who says it was before Bebrycia, afterwards Migdonia, and now Bithynia, from Bithynus the king; the king; though others say, it was so called from Bithyne, a daughter of Jupiter;

but the Spirit suffered them not; the Alexandrian copy, and Beza's most ancient copy, and some others, and the Vulgate Latin, Syriac, and Ethiopic versions read, "the Spirit of Jesus": so that it was not an evil spirit, or Satan, that hindered them, who sometimes did; but they were under the direction and guidance of the divine Spirit, called, in the preceding verse, the Holy Ghost; however, the Gospel was preached here afterwards, and churches formed; of which See Gill on 1Pe 1:1.