Teks -- 1 Timothy 5:1-2 (NET)

Instructions about Specific Groups

5:1 Do not address an older man harshly but appeal to him as a father. Speak to younger men as brothers, 5:2 older women as mothers, and younger women as sisters– with complete purity.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: 1Ti 5:1 - Rebuke not an elder

Rebuke not an elder ( presbuterōi mē epiplēxēis ).

Dative case presbuterōi used in the usual sense of an older man, not a minister (bishop as in 1Ti 3:2) as is shown by "as a father."First aorist (ingressive) active subjunctive with negative mē (prohibition against committing the act) of epiplēssō , to strike upon, old verb, but here only in N.T. and in figurative sense with words rather than with fists. Respect for age is what is here commanded, an item appropriate to the present time.

Robertson: 1Ti 5:1 - The younger men as brethren

The younger men as brethren ( neōterous hōs adelphous ).

Comparative adjective neōteros from neos (young). No article, "younger men."Wise words for the young minister to know how to conduct himself with old men (reverence) and young men (fellowship, but not stooping to folly with them).

Robertson: 1Ti 5:2 - The elder women as mothers

The elder women as mothers ( presbuteras hōs mēteras ).

Anarthrous again, "older women as mothers."Respect and reverence once more.

Robertson: 1Ti 5:2 - The younger as sisters, in all purity

The younger as sisters, in all purity ( neōteras hōs adelphas en pasēi hagniāi ).

Anarthrous also and comparative form as in 1Ti 5:1. See note on 1Ti 4:12 for hagnia . No sort of behavior will so easily make or mar the young preacher as his conduct with young women.

Vincent: 1Ti 5:1 - Rebuke not an elder

Rebuke not an elder ( πρεσβυτέρῳ μὴ ἐπιπλήξῃς )

The verb N.T.o . o lxx. originally to lay on blows ; hence to castigate with words. Πρεσβύτερος elder , o P., but frequent in Gospels, Acts, and Revelation. Modern critical opinion has largely abandoned the view that the original Christian polity was an imitation of that of the Synagogue. The secular and religious authorities of the Jewish communities, at least in purely Jewish localities, were the same; a fact which is against the probability that the polity was directly transferred to the Christian church. The prerogatives of the Jewish elders have nothing corresponding with them in extent in the Christian community. Functions which emerge later in the Jewish-Christian communities of Palestine do not exist in the first Palestinian-Christian society. At the most, as Weizsäcker observes, it could only be a question of borrowing a current name.

Modern criticism compels us, I think, to abandon the view of the identity of Bishop and Presbyter which has obtained such wide acceptance, especially among English scholars, through the discussions of Lightfoot and Hatch. The testimony of Clement of Rome ( Ep . ad Corinth .) goes to show that the Bishops (ἡγούμενοι or προηγούμενοι ) are distinguished from the Presbyters, and that if the Bishops are apparently designated as Presbyters, it is, because they have been chosen from the body of Presbyters, and have retained the name even when they have ceased to hold office. for this reason deceased Bishops are called Presbyters. In Clement, Presbyters signify a class or estate - members of long standing and approved character, and not office-bearers regularly appointed. Among these the Bishops are to be sought. Bishops are reckoned as Presbyters, not because the Presbyter as such is a Bishop, but because the Bishop as such is a Presbyter. In the Pastorals, Bishops and Deacons are associated without mention of Presbyters (1Ti 3:1-13). Presbyters are referred to in 1Ti 5:17-19, but in an entirely different connection. The qualifications of Bishops and Deacons are detailed in the former passage, and the list of qualifications concludes with the statement that this is the ordering of the church as the house of God (1Ti 5:14, 1Ti 5:15). The offices are exhausted in the description of Bishops and Deacons. Nothing is said of Presbyters until ch. 5, where Timothy's relations to individual church-members are prescribed; and in Tit 2:2 ff. these members are classified as old men (πρεσβύτας ) old women, young men, and servants . In 1Ti 5:17 are mentioned elders who rule well (οἱ καλῶς προεστῶτες πρεσβύτεροι ). Assuming that Presbyters and Bishops were identical, a distinction would thus be implied between two classes of Bishops - those who rule well and those who do not: where as the distinction is obviously between old and honored church-members, collectively considered, forming the presbyterial body, and certain of their number who show their qualifications for appointment as overseers. Presbyters as such are not invested with office. There is no formal act constituting a Presbyter. The Bishops are reckoned among the Elders, but the elders as such are not officers.

Thus are to be explained the allusions to appointed Elders, Tit 1:5; Act 14:23. Elders are to be appointed as overseers or Bishops , for the overseers must have the qualifications of approved Presbyters. The ordination of Presbyters is the setting apart of Elders to the position of Superintendents. The Presbyterate denotes an honorable and influential estate in the church on the ground of age, duration of church membership, and approved character. Only Bishops are appointed . There is no appointment to the Presbyterate. At the close of Clement's letter to the Corinthians, the qualifications of a Presbyter are indicated in the description of the three commissioners from the Roman church who are the bearers of the letter, and to whom no official title is given. They are old, members of the Roman church from youth, blameless in life, believing, and sober.

Vincent: 1Ti 5:2 - The elder women

The elder women ( πρεσβυτέρας )

N.T.o . Comp. πρεσβύτιδας aged women , Tit 2:3. The word indicates distinction in age merely, although some think that it points to an official position which is further referred to in the following directions concerning widows.

Wesley: 1Ti 5:1 - Rebuke not

Considering your own youth, with such a severity as would otherwise be proper.

JFB: 1Ti 5:1 - an elder

In age; probably not an elder in the ministry; these latter are not mentioned till 1Ti 5:17, "the elders that rule." Compare Act 2:17, "your old men," literally, "elders." Contrasted with "the younger men." As Timothy was admonished so to conduct himself as to give no man reason to despise his youth (1Ti 4:12); so here he is told to bear in mind his youth, and to behave with the modesty which becomes a young man in relation to his elders.

JFB: 1Ti 5:1 - Rebuke not

Literally, "Strike not hard upon"; Rebuke not sharply: a different word from "rebuke" in 2Ti 4:2.

JFB: 1Ti 5:1 - entreat

Exhort.

JFB: 1Ti 5:1 - as brethren

And therefore equals; not lording it over them (1Pe 5:1-3).

JFB: 1Ti 5:2 - with all purity

Respectful treatment of the other sex will promote "purity."

Clarke: 1Ti 5:1 - Rebuke not an elder

Rebuke not an elder - That is, an elderly person; for the word πρεσβυτερος is here taken in its natural sense, and signifies one advanced in years. At 1Ti 5:17, it is taken in what may be termed its ecclesiastical meaning, and signifies, an officer in the Church, what we commonly call a presbyter or bishop; for sometimes these terms were confounded. There are but few cases in which it at all becomes a young man to reprove an old man, and especially one who is a father in the Church. If such a one does wrong, or gets out of the way, he should be entreated as a father, with great caution and respect. To this at least his age entitles him. The word επιπληξῃς signifies, do not smite; i.e. do not treat them harshly, nor with magisterial austerity

Clarke: 1Ti 5:1 - The younger men as brethren

The younger men as brethren - Showing humility, and arrogating nothing to thyself on account of thy office. Feel for them as thou oughtest to feel for thy own brethren.

Clarke: 1Ti 5:2 - The elder women as mothers

The elder women as mothers - Treating them with the respect due to their age

Clarke: 1Ti 5:2 - The younger as sisters

The younger as sisters - Feel for every member of the Church, old and young, male and female; consider them as fathers, mothers, brothers, and sisters; treat them all with gentleness; and labor to keep them in, not to expel them from, the Church

Clarke: 1Ti 5:2 - With all purity

With all purity - Εν πὰƒῃ ἁγνειᾳ· With all chastity. See the note on 1Ti 4:12

There are some who seem to take a barbarous pleasure in expelling members from, the Church. They should be continued in as long as possible; while they are in the Church - under its ordinances and discipline, there is some hope that their errors may be corrected; but when once driven out again into the world, that hope must necessarily become extinct. As judgment is God’ s strange work, so excommunication should be the strange, the last, and the most reluctantly performed work of every Christian minister.

Calvin: 1Ti 5:1 - Do not harshly rebuke an elder // But exhort him as a father // The younger as brethren

1.Do not harshly rebuke an elder He now recommends to Timothy gentleness and moderation in correcting faults. Correction is a medicine, which has always some bitterness, and consequently is disagreeable. Besides, Timothy being a young man, his severity would have been less tolerable, if it had not been somewhat moderated.

But exhort him as a father The Apostle enjoins him to reprove elder persons as parents; and he even employs the milder term, exhort It is impossible not to be moved with reverence, when we place before our eyes our father or our mother; in consequence of which, instead of harsher vehemence, we are immediately influenced by modesty. Yet it ought to be observed, that he does not wish old men to be spared or indulged in such a manner as to sin with impunity and without correction; he only wishes that some respect should be paid to their age, that they may more patiently bear to be admonished.

The younger as brethren Even towards younger persons he wishes moderation to be used, though not in an equal degree; for the vinegar must always be mingled with oil, but with this difference, that reverence should always be shewn to older persons, and equals should be treated with brotherly gentleness. Hence pastors are taught, that they must not only take into account their office, but must also see particularly what is due to the age of individuals; for the same things are not applicable to all. Let it therefore be remembered, that, if dramatic performers attend to decorum on the stage, it ought not to be neglected by pastors, who occupy so lofty a station.

Calvin: 1Ti 5:2 - The younger as sisters, with all chastity

2.The younger as sisters, with all chastity The phrase, with all chastity, relates to younger women; for at that age they ought always to dread every kind of suspicion. Yet Paul does not forbid Timothy to have any criminal or immodest conduct towards young women, (for there was no need of such a prohibition,) but only enjoins him to beware of giving to wicked men any handle for laughter. For this purpose, he demands a chaste gravity, which shall shine throughout all their intercourse and conversation; so that he may more freely converse with young persons, without any unfavorable reports.

TSK: 1Ti 5:1 - Rebuke // an elder // entreat // as brethren

Rebuke : 1Ti 5:19, 1Ti 5:20; Lev 19:32; Deu 33:9; Gal 2:11-14

an elder : 1Ti 5:17; Act 14:23, Act 15:4, Act 15:6, Act 20:17; Tit 1:5, Tit 1:6; Jam 5:14; 1Pe 5:1; 2Jo 1:1; 3Jo 1:1; Rev 4:4

entreat : Rom 13:7; Gal 6:1; 2Ti 2:24, 2Ti 2:25; Phm 1:9, Phm 1:10; Jam 3:17; 1Pe 5:5, 1Pe 5:6

as brethren : Mat 18:15-17, Mat 23:8

TSK: 1Ti 5:2 - elder // with

elder : 1Ti 5:3; Mat 12:50; Joh 19:26, Joh 19:27

with : 1Ti 4:12; Phi 4:8; 1Th 5:22; 2Ti 2:22

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: 1Ti 5:1 - Rebuke not an elder // But entreat him as a father // And the younger men as brethren

1Ti 5:1,2 Directions to Timothy how to admonish persons of different

conditions.

1Ti 5:3-16 Concerning widows.

1Ti 5:17,18 Elders, if they do well, are to be doubly honoured,

1Ti 5:19-21 and are not to be censured without full proof, and

then openly and impartially,

1Ti 5:22 caution not to ordain any one precipitately.

1Ti 5:23 Advice respecting Timothy’ s health.

1Ti 5:24,25 Some men’ s characters are more easily discerned that those

of others.

Rebuke not an elder it appeareth by the next verse, that the apostle by elder here understandeth not a church officer, but an ancient man. The word translated rebuke is translated too softly; it should be: Rebuke not too roughly, as appears by the opposite phrase, and indeed the word properly signifies to beat or lash. Rebuke him not but with a decent respect to his age.

But entreat him as a father so that thy reproofs may look more like counsels and exhortations than rebukes.

And the younger men as brethren prudence also must be used as to the yonnger men, ministers in rebuking them should remember that they are brethren, and treat them accordingly, not too imperiously.

Poole: 1Ti 5:2 - The elder women as mothers // The younger as sisters // With all purity

The elder women as mothers the same prudence also is to be used to matrons and aged women.

The younger as sisters yea, and to younger women too, considering our relation and equality in Christ.

With all purity only as to them, (considering their sex), a further gravity and prudence is to be used, that we give no occasion to lust, or unclean motions.

PBC: 1Ti 5:1

See GG: 19,34 August 22, 2004

Haydock: 1Ti 5:1 - An ancient man

An ancient man. [1] Here the word presbyter is not take as in other places, for a bishop or priest, but for an elderly man, who is otherwise to be dealt with than young men. (Witham) ---

We cannot sufficiently admire the tenderness and prudence of all this saint's counsels. Reproof, under any circumstances, is always sufficiently painful, without being accompanied by harsh and unfeeling words and manners. Age, though not exempt from fault, should always be treated with tenderness and respect.

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[BIBLIOGRAPHY]

Seniori, Greek: presbutero.

Haydock: 1Ti 5:2 - All chastity

A just medium must be observed in the guidance of the sex, avoiding equally an indiscreet severity or an affection too tender and bordering on sensuality. A just diffidence in self is the best security. ---

All chastity refers to the heart, eyes, ears, words, looks, with the precautions of times and places.

Gill: 1Ti 5:1 - Rebuke not an elder // but entreat him as a father // And the younger men as brethren

Rebuke not an elder,.... By whom is meant, not an elder in office, but in age; for elders by office are afterwards spoken of, and particular rules concerning them are given, 1Ti 5:17. Besides, an elder is here opposed, not to a private member of a church, but to young men in age; and the apostle is here giving rules to be observed in rebuking members of churches, according to their different age and sex, and not according to their office and station; and this sense is confirmed by a parallel text in Tit 2:2. Now an ancient man, a member of a church, is not to be rebuked in a sharp and severe way; the word here used signifies to smite or strike; and so the Arabic version renders it, "do not strike an elder"; meaning not with the hand, but with the tongue, giving hard words, which are as heavy blows; reproof is a smiting, and there is a gentle and a sharp one, Psa 141:4. It is with the former, and not the latter, that man in years is to be reproved, when he is in a fault, whether with respect to doctrine or practice, as such persons may be as well as younger ones; and when they are observed to err, they should not be roughly and sharply dealt with:

but entreat him as a father; as a child should entreat a father, when he is going out of the way; give him honour and respect, fear and reverence, and persuade him to desist; entreat and beseech him to return to the right path of truth and holiness; use him as a father in Christ, that has known him that is from the beginning, and as of long standing in the church: this must be understood of lesser crimes, and not of atrocious and flagitious ones, obstinately continued in, to the great scandal of religion, and dishonour of the Gospel; for then severer methods must be used; see Isa 45:20. But though this is the sense of the passage, yet the argument from hence is strong, that if an elder in years, a private member, who is ancient, and in a fault, is not to be roughly used, but gently entreated, then much more an elder in office.

And the younger men as brethren; the Syriac, Arabic, and Ethiopic versions read, "as thy brethren". Timothy was a young man himself; and as he was to consider an elderly man as his father, and use him accordingly; so he was to consider young men as equal with him, at least in age, and take the more freedom with them, in reproving them for their faults, and use somewhat more authority with them; and yet consider them as brethren in Christ, and reprove them in a brotherly way, and with brotherly love.

Gill: 1Ti 5:2 - The elder women as mothers // The younger as sisters // with all purity

The elder women as mothers,.... When they offend in any point, they are to be reasoned, and argued, and pleaded with, as children should with their mothers; see Hos 2:2 and are to be considered as mothers in Israel, and to be treated with great tenderness and respect.

The younger as sisters; using the freedom as a brother may with a sister; and considering them as sisters in Christ, and in a way becoming the relation, tell them their faults freely and privately, but

with all purity: in such manner as to preserve chastity in looks, in words, and actions.