Teks -- 1 Samuel 16:20 (NET)

16:20 So Jesse took a donkey loaded with bread, a container of wine, and a young goat and sent them to Saul with his son David.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Wesley: 1Sa 16:20 - Sent him

This present, though in our times it would seem contemptible, yet was very agreeable to the usage of those times, and to the condition of Jesse, which was but mean in the world. And it seems to have been the custom of those times, (as it is yet in the eastern countries) when they made their appearance before princes, or great persons, to bring a present.

JFB: 1Sa 16:20 - Jesse took an ass laden with bread, and a bottle of wine, and a kid, and sent them . . . unto Saul

As a token of homage and respect.

Clarke: 1Sa 16:20 - Took an ass laden with bread

Took an ass laden with bread - He must send a present to Saul to introduce his son, and this was probably the best he had. Dr. Warburton pleads still farther on the propriety of his rectification of the chronology in this place. David had at this time vanquished the Philistine, was become a favourite with the people, had excited Saul’ s jealousy, and retired to shun its effects. In the interim Saul was seized with the disorder in question, and is recommended by his servants to try the effects of music. They were acquainted with David’ s skill on the harp, and likewise with Saul’ s bad disposition towards him; the point was delicate, it required to be managed with address, and therefore they recommend David in this artful manner: "As you must have one constantly in attendance, both in court and on your military expeditions; to be always at hand on occasion, the son of Jesse will become both stations well; he will strengthen your camp and adorn your court, for he is a tried soldier and of a graceful presence. You have nothing to fear from his ambition, for you saw with what prudence he went into voluntary banishment when his popularity had incurred your displeasure."Accordingly Saul is prevailed on, David is sent for, and succeeds with his music; this dissipates all former umbrage, and, as one who is ever to be in attendance, he is made Saul’ s armor-bearer. This sunshine still continued till his great successes awakened Saul’ s jealousy afresh, and then the lifted javelin was to strike off all obligations. Thus we see what light is thrown upon the whole history by the supposition of an anticipation in the latter part of this chapter; an anticipation the most natural, proper, and necessary, for the purpose of the historian. Thus reasons Bishop Warburton, and with very considerable plausibility, though the intelligent reader may still have his doubts.

TSK: 1Sa 16:20 - an ass laden

an ass laden : Chamor lechem , literally, ""an ass of bread,""rendered by the LXX γομορ αρτων , a gomor of bread; meaning, probably, not an animal, but a vessel containing a certain measure of bread. 1Sa 10:27, 1Sa 17:18, 1Sa 25:18; Gen 43:11; 2Sa 16:1, 2Sa 16:2; Pro 18:16

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: 1Sa 16:20

This present, though in our times it would seem contemptible, yet was very agreeable to the usage of those times, and to the condition of Jesse, which was but mean in the world. And it seems to have been the custom of those times, as it is yet in the eastern countries (when they made their appearance before princes or great persons, to bring a present: see Gen 32:20 43:25,26 , and elsewhere); to which civil custom that religious precept seems consonant, Exo 23:15 Deu 16:16 . None shall appear before me empty . And he might send it, partly as a testimony of his respect to his sovereign, and partly to gain David favour and acceptance with him, being sensible that he was going into a place and state of hazard; but knowing Saul’ s furious temper, he durst not refuse to send him; and he sent him the more willingly, because this seemed a most likely means to accomplish God’ s promise of the kingdom, and to prepare him for it.

Haydock: 1Sa 16:20 - Laden

Laden. So Chaldean. (Menochius) ---

Literally, plenum, "full of." (Haydock) ---

Septuagint, "a gomor," which they seem to have read instead of the Hebrew chamor, "an ass of bread," as Sosibius says, "he eats three asses' of panniers of loaves." (Calmet) ---

Protestants supply, " laden. "

Gill: 1Sa 16:20 - And Jesse took an ass laden with bread // and a kid // and sent them by David his son unto Saul

And Jesse took an ass laden with bread,.... Laden with a load of bread, as the Targum; with as much as it could carry, or was used to carry; the Septuagint version is, an omer of bread, which was as much as a man could eat in one day; and, according to Kimchi and Ben Melech, it may be interpreted an heap of bread, agreeably to the use of the word in Jdg 15:16, and a bottle of wine; or a skin of wine, a leather bag or sack, which held more than our bottles; the Targum is, a flagon of wine:

and a kid; of the goats, as the same Targum:

and sent them by David his son unto Saul; some think that Jesse suspected that Saul had known the secret of David's being anointed, and was fearful that he had a design upon his life, and therefore sent this present by his son to pacify him, and ingratiate him unto him; but rather he sent it as a token of respect and subjection to his sovereign, and according to the custom of those times, when men used to carry presents when they waited upon princes, and indeed in their common visits; and do in the eastern countries to this day; See Gill on 1Sa 9:7.