Teks -- Jude 1:8 (NET)

1:8 Yet these men, as a result of their dreams, defile the flesh, reject authority, and insult the glorious ones.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: Jud 1:8 - Yet

Yet ( mentoi ).

See Joh 4:27. In spite of these warnings.

Robertson: Jud 1:8 - In like manner

In like manner ( homoiōs ).

Like the cities of the plain.

Robertson: Jud 1:8 - These also

These also ( kai houtoi ).

The false teachers of Jud 1:4.

Robertson: Jud 1:8 - In their dreamings

In their dreamings ( enupniazomenoi ).

Present middle participle of enupniazō , to dream (from enupnion dream, Act 2:17, from en and hupnos , in sleep), in Aristotle, Hippocrates, Plutarch, papyri, lxx (Joel 2:28), here only in N.T. Cf. Col 2:18.

Robertson: Jud 1:8 - Defile

Defile ( miainousin ).

Present active indicative of minainō , old verb, to stain, with sin (Tit 1:15) as here. 2Pe 2:10 has miasmou .

Robertson: Jud 1:8 - Set at nought

Set at nought ( athetousin ).

Present active indicative of atheteō , to annul. Both kuriotēs (dominion) and doxai (dignities) occur in 2Pe 2:10; see note for discussion.

Vincent: Jud 1:8 - Yet

Yet ( μέντοι )

Not rendered by A. V., but expressing that though they have these fearful examples before them, yet they persist in their sin.

Vincent: Jud 1:8 - Dominion - dignities

Dominion - dignities ( κυριότητα - δόξας )

It is not easy to determine the exact meaning of these two terms. Κυριότης , dominion, occurs in three other passages, Eph 1:21; Col 1:16; 2Pe 2:10. In the first two, and probably in the third, the reference is to angelic dignities. Some explain this passage and the one in Peter, of evil angels. In Colossians the term is used with thrones, principalities, and powers, with reference to the orders of the celestial hierarchy as conceived by Gnostic teachers, and with a view to exalt Christ above all these. Glories or dignities is used in this concrete sense only here and at 2Pe 2:10.

Wesley: Jud 1:8 - In like manner these dreamers

Sleeping and dreaming all their lives.

Wesley: Jud 1:8 - Despise authority

Those that are invested with it by Christ, and made by him the overseers of his flock.

Wesley: Jud 1:8 - Rail at dignities

The apostle does not seem to speak of worldly dignities. These they had "in admiration for the sake of gain," Jud 1:16; but those holy men, who for the purity of their lives, the soundness of their doctrine, and the greatness of their labours in the work of the ministry, were truly honourable before God and all good men; and who were grossly vilified by those who turned the grace of God into lasciviousness. Probably they were the impure followers of Simon Magus, the same with the Gnostics and Nicolaitans, Rev 2:15. 2Pe 2:10.

JFB: Jud 1:8 - also

Rather, "In like manner nevertheless" (notwithstanding these warning examples) [ALFORD].

JFB: Jud 1:8 - these . . . dreamers

The Greek has not "filthy" of English Version. The clause, "these men dreaming" (that is, in their dreams), belongs to all the verbs, "defile," "despise," and "speak evil." All sinners are spiritually asleep, and their carnal activity is as it were a dream (1Th 5:6-7). Their speaking evil of dignities is because they are dreaming, and know not what they are speaking evil of (Jud 1:10). "As a man dreaming seems to himself to be seeing and nearing many things, so the natural man's lusts are agitated by joy, distress, fear, and the other passions. But he is a stranger to self-command. Hence, though he bring into play all the powers of reason, he cannot conceive the true liberty which the sons of light, who are awake and in the daylight; enjoy" [BENGEL].

JFB: Jud 1:8 - defile the flesh

(Jud 1:7).

JFB: Jud 1:8 - dominion

"lordship."

JFB: Jud 1:8 - dignities

Literally, "glories." Earthly and heavenly dignities.

Clarke: Jud 1:8 - Likewise also these filthy dreamers

Likewise also these filthy dreamers - He means to say that these false teachers and their followers were as unbelieving and disobedient as the Israelites in the wilderness, as rebellious against the authority of God as the fallen angels, and as impure and unholy as the Sodomites; and that consequently they must expect similar punishment

Our translators, by rendering ενυπνιαζομενοι filthy dreamers, seem to have understood St. Jude to mean les pollutions nocturnes et voluntaires de ces hommes impurs, qui se livrent sans scrupule a toutes sortes des pensees; et salissant leur imagination pas la vue de toutes sortes d’ objets, tombent ensuite dans les corsuptions honteuses et criminelles . See Calmet. In plain English, self-pollution, with all its train of curses and cursed effects on body, soul, and spirit. The idea of our translators seems to be confirmed by the words σαρκα μεν μιαινουσι, they indeed pollute the flesh. See what is said at the conclusion of the thirty-eighth chapter of Genesis

Clarke: Jud 1:8 - Despise dominion

Despise dominion - Κυριοτητα δε αθετουσι· They set all government at nought - they will come under no restraints; they despise all law, and wish to live as they list

Clarke: Jud 1:8 - Speak evil of dignities

Speak evil of dignities - Δὸ¾ας δε βλασφημουσιν· They blaspheme or speak injuriously of supreme authority. (See 2Pe 2:10, 2Pe 2:11.) They treat governors and government with contempt, and calumniate and misrepresent all Divine and civil institutions.

Calvin: Jud 1:8 - Likewise also these

8.Likewise also these. This comparison is not to be pressed too strictly, as though he compared these whom he mentions in all things to be Sodomites, or to the fallen angels, or to the unbelieving people. He only shews that they were vessels of wrath appointed to destruction, and that they could not escape the hand of God, but that he would some time or another make them examples of his vengeance. For his design was to terrify the godly to whom he was writing, lest they should entangle themselves in their society.

But he begins here more clearly to describe these impostors. And he says first, that they polluted their flesh as it were by dreaming, by which words he denotes their stupid effrontery, as though he had said that they abandoned themselves to all kinds of filth, which the most wicked abhor, except sleep took away shame and also consciousness. It is then a metaphorical mode of speaking, by which he intimates that they were so dull and stupid as to give up themselves without any shame to every kind of baseness. ¹⁹⁵

There is a contrast to be noticed, when he says that they defiled or polluted the flesh, that is, that they degraded what was less excellent, and that yet they despised as disgraceful what is deemed especially excellent among mankind.

It appears from the second clause that they were seditious men, who sought anarchy, that, being loosed from the fear of the laws, they might sin more freely. But these two things are nearly always connected, that they who abandon themselves to iniquity, do also wish to abolish all order. Though, indeed, their chief object is to be free from every yoke, it yet appears from the words of Jude that they were wont to speak insolently and reproachfully of magistrates, like the fanatics of the present day, who not only grumble because they are restrained by the authority of magistrates, but furiously declaim against all government, and say that the power of the sword is profane and opposed to godliness; in short, they superciliously reject from the Church of God all kings and all magistrates. Dignities or glories are orders or ranks eminent in power or honor.

Defender: Jud 1:8 - filthy dreamers

The translators called these "ungodly men" (Jud 1:4) by the pejorative filthy dreamers, even though the adjective is not in the original, because they defile the flesh in ways similar to those of the wicked angels and the Sodomites. This fact is indicated by the introductory conjunction "likewise." This word could also be rendered by "nevertheless." That is, despite the example which God made of the angels and the Sodomites, these dreamers, who know about God's grace, persist in turning God's grace into lasciviousness. Our modern age of sexual promiscuity is certainly the most extensive fulfillment of this prophetic description since Jude was constrained to write it.

Defender: Jud 1:8 - dignities

"Dignities" is more commonly translated as "glory" (Greek doxa). In this context, it tells us that these same filthy dreamers are quite ready to blaspheme all that is high and holy in God's heavenly dominion."

TSK: Jud 1:8 - these // defile // despise // speak

these : Jer 38:25-28

defile : 1Co 3:17; 1Ti 1:10; 2Pe 2:10-12

despise : Gen 3:5; Num 16:3, Num 16:12, Num 16:13, 1Sa 10:27; Psa 2:1-6, Psa 12:3-4; Luk 19:14; Act 7:27, Act 7:39; 1Th 4:8; Heb 13:17

speak : Jud 1:9, Jud 1:10; Exo 22:28; Pro 30:11, Pro 30:17; Ecc 10:20; Act 23:5; 1Pe 2:17

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Jud 1:8

Likewise also; notwithstanding so many judgments of God upon others, which should have kept them from the like sins.

These filthy dreamers: either this may be taken properly, and joined to the next clause, defile the flesh; and then it may note the impurity of these wretches, who dreamed of what they loved, and acted over that filthiness in their sleep, to which they were so much addicted when awake: or metaphorically, and so they are called dreamers, as having the sense of their minds overcome and laid asleep by their sensual pleasures; or being like men in a dream, deluded by their absurd, though pleasing imaginations.

Defile the flesh: this notes all those lascivious practices, to which, like the Sodomites, they had given themselves over; and whereby they defiled themselves and others: the lust of uncleanness, as it is in Peter.

Despise dominion; in their minds, judgments, desires, they reject, make void, and abrogate civil government, as a thing not fit to be.

Dominion; not only governors, but government itself.

And speak evil of dignities; either spiritual governors, or rather, civil, called dignities, because of the honourable titles given them, and gifts bestowed on them: see 2Pe 2:10 .

Haydock: Jud 1:8 - In like manner these men // Blaspheme

In like manner these men (heretics) also defile the flesh with their horrid abominations, despise just dominion, all lawful authority, as well as ecclesiastical as civil; blaspheme majesty, speak ill, and rail both against the majesty of God, and those whom he hath invested with power derived from him. (Witham) ---

Blaspheme, &c. Speak evil of them that are in dignity; and even utter blasphemies against the divine majesty. (Challoner) ---

The justice of God generally punishes the pride of heart, by abandoning the body to shameful and humiliating abominations, and this we observe in the chief heresiarchs. Their pride makes them rebel against authority; and when once they have got free of this yoke, every other restraint is laughed at.

Gill: Jud 1:8 - Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh // Despise dominion // and speak evil of dignities

Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh,.... Which may be literally understood, either of the Jewish doctors, who pretended to be interpreters of dreams, as R. Akiba, R. Lazar, and others ⁿ; or of the false teachers in the apostle's time, and of their filthy dreams, and nocturnal pollutions in them; which sense the Arabic and Ethiopic versions confirm; the former rendering the words thus, "so these retiring in the time of sleep, defile their own flesh"; and the latter thus, "and likewise these, who in their own sleep, pollute their own flesh"; as also of their pretensions to divine assistance and intelligence by dreams; and likewise may be figuratively understood of them; for false doctrines are dreams, and the teachers of them dreamers, Jer 23:25, as are all those doctrines of men that oppose the trinity of persons in the Godhead; that contradict the deity and sonship of Christ; that depreciate any of his offices; that lessen the glory of the person and grace of the Spirit; that cry up the purity, power, and righteousness of human nature, and are contrary to the free grace of God. These arise from the darkness of the understanding, and a spirit of slumber upon them; are the fictions of their own brain, and of their roving imagination; are illusory and deceitful, and are in themselves vanities, and like dreams pass away. And the dreamers of these dreams may be said to "defile the flesh"; since they appear to follow and walk after the dictates of corrupt nature; and because by their unclean practices, mentioned in the preceding verse, they defile the flesh, that is, the body: all sin is of a defiling nature, and all men are defiled with it; but these were notoriously so; and often so it is, that unclean practices follow upon erroneous principles,

Despise dominion; either the government of the world by God, denying or speaking evil of his providence; the Ethiopic version renders it, "they deny their own God", either his being, or rather his providence; or the dominion and kingly power of Christ, to which they cared not to be subject; or rather civil magistracy, which they despised, as supposing it to be inconsistent with their Christian liberty, and rejected it as being a restraint on their lusts; choosing rather anarchy and confusion, that they might do as they pleased, though magistracy is God's ordinance, and magistrates are God's representatives:

and speak evil of dignities; or "glories"; the Arabic version reads, "the God of glory": this is to be understood either of angels, those glorious creatures, called thrones, dominions, &c. or ecclesiastical governors, who are set in the first and highest place in the church, and are the glory of the churches; or else civil magistrates, as before, who are the higher powers, and sit in high places of honour and grandeur. False teachers are injurious to themselves, disturbers of churches, and pernicious to civil government,