Teks -- Joel 3:19 (NET)

3:19 Egypt will be desolate and Edom will be a desolate wilderness, because of the violence they did to the people of Judah, in whose land they shed innocent blood.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Wesley: Joe 3:19 - Egypt

By Egypt we may understand all the enemies of the church who carry it toward the church, as Egypt carried it toward Israel.

Wesley: Joe 3:19 - Edom

Edom was an implacable enemy to Judah in his greatest distress. And all who come under Edom's character are here threatened under this name.

Wesley: Joe 3:19 - Judah

The people of God.

JFB: Joe 3:19 - Edom

It was subjugated by David, but revolted under Jehoram (2Ch 21:8-10); and at every subsequent opportunity tried to injure Judah. Egypt under Shishak spoiled Jerusalem under Rehoboam of the treasures of the temple and the king's house; subsequently to the captivity, it inflicted under the Ptolemies various injuries on Judea. Antiochus spoiled Egypt (Dan 11:40-43). Edom was made "desolate" under the Maccabees [JOSEPHUS, Antiquities, 12.11,12]. The low condition of the two countries for centuries proves the truth of the prediction (compare Isa 19:1, &c.; Jer 49:17; Oba 1:10). So shall fare all the foes of Israel, typified by these two (Isa 63:1, &c.).

Clarke: Joe 3:19 - Egypt shall be a desolation

Egypt shall be a desolation - While peace, plenty, and prosperity of every kind, shall crown my people, all their enemies shall be as a wilderness; and those who have used violence against the saints of God, and shed the blood of innocents (of the holy Martyrs) in their land, when they had political power; these and all such shall fall under the just judgments of God.

Calvin: Joe 3:19 - Because they shed,

But he afterwards joins, that the Egyptians and Idumeans would be sterile and dry in the midst of this great abundance of blessings, for they were professed enemies to the Church. Hence God in this verse declares that they shall not be partakers of his bounty; that though all Judea would be irrigated, though it would abound in honeys milk, and wine, yet these would remain barren and empty; Mizraim, then, shall be a solitude, Edom shall be a desert of solitude. Why? Because of the troubles, he says, brought on the children of Judah. God again confirms this truth, that he has such a concern for his Church, that he will avenge wrongs done to it. God, then, does not always come to our help when we are unjustly oppressed, though he has taken us under his protection; but he suffers us for a time to endure our evils; and yet the end will show, that we have been ever dear to him and precious in his sight. So he says now, that for the harassments which the Egyptians and Idumeans occasioned to the children of Judah, they shall be destitute, notwithstanding the abundance of all good things.

Because they shed, he says, innocent blood in their ( or, in their own) land. If we refer this to Egypt and Idumea, the sense will be, that they had not protected fugitives, but, on the contrary, cruelly slew them, as though they had been sworn enemies. Many, we know, during times of distress, fled to Egypt and Idumea, to seek refuge there. As, then, the Egyptians had been so inhuman towards the distressed, the Prophet threatens them with vengeance. But I prefer to view what is said as having been done in Judea; they have then shed innocent Blood, that is, in Judea itself. As God had consecrated this land to himself to pollute it with unjust slaughters was a more atrocious crime. Forasmuch then as the Egyptians and Idumeans thus treated the Jews, and slew them in their own country in a base manner, though they were abiding quietly at home, it is no wonder that God declares, that he would be the avenger of these wrongs. It follows —

TSK: Joe 3:19 - Egypt // Edom // for

Egypt : Isa 11:15, Isa 19:1-15; Zec 10:10, Zec 14:18, Zec 14:19

Edom : Isa. 34:1-17, Isa 63:1-6; Jer 49:17; Lam 4:21; Ezek. 25:1-17, Eze 35:1-15; Amo 1:11, Amo 1:12; Oba 1:1, Oba 1:10-14; Mal 1:3, Mal 1:4

for : Psa 137:7; Jer 51:35; Oba 1:10-16; 2Th 1:6

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Joe 3:19 - Egypt // Edom // Shall be a desolate wilderness // The children of Judah // They have shed innocent blood in their land

Egypt: it was in Egypt that the people of God were long kept in bondage, which defiled Israel too with its idolatries, contrived the ruin of Israel by a barbarous and unparalleled cruelty, murdering all the new-born males, and with utmost obstinacy resisted the deliverer who came to fetch Israel out of bondage. By Egypt understand we then all the enemies of the church of Christ, who carry it toward the church as Egypt carried it toward Israel. Shall be a desolation ; most desolate, when God shall judge and punish; so shall spiritual Egypt, Rev 11:8 .

Edom the posterity of Esau, of near kin to Israel according to the flesh, whose first father envied Jacob the blessing and vowed his death, and made him flee from his father’ s house and become a servant in a strange land, and was the first who denied Israel a friendly passage and the common civility of necessaries for their money, and came out in hostile manner to fight them, Num 20:18 , &c. It was Edom of whom you read in Obadiah, a most bloody, implacable enemy to Judah in his greatest distress. And all who come under Edom’ s character are here intended, and threatened under this name.

Shall be a desolate wilderness most desolate, and which art cannot repair; desolate houses or vineyards may, but wildernesses cannot, by art be repaired.

The children of Judah the people of God, his churches.

They have shed innocent blood in their land where distressed Jews should have found safety, they met their death; in Egypt and Judea.

Haydock: Joe 3:19 - Desolation // Edom

Desolation. Cambyses laid it waste for three years, as Ochus did afterwards. ---

Edom. Judas and Hican punished them for their former barbarity, Psalm cxxxvi. 7., and 2 Machabees x. 16., and Ezechiel xxv. 12. (Calmet)

Gill: Joe 3:19 - Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness // for the violence of the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood is their land

Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness,.... These two nations having been the implacable enemies of Israel, are here put for the future adversaries of the church of Christ, Pagan, Papal, and Mahometan; who will all be destroyed as such, and be no more: Rome is called, spiritually or mystically, Egypt, Rev 11:8; and Edom is a name that well agrees with it, it signifying "red", as it is with the blood of the saints: and it is common, with the Jewish writers, by Edom to understand Rome; which though it may not be true of all places they so interpret, yet is of many, and so here. Kimchi, by Egypt understands the Ishmaelites, or the Turks; and, by Edom, Rome;

for the violence of the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood is their land; either in the land of Judah; or rather in their own land, Egypt and Edom. This respects the violences and outrages committed by the antichristian states upon the true professors of the Christian religion, the Waldenses and Albigenses, and others, whose innocent blood, in great quantities, has been spilled by them. Antichrist is represented as, drunk with the blood of the martyrs of Jesus, and in whom will be found the blood of all the prophets and saints; and for this reason ruin and destruction will come upon him and his followers, and blood will be given them to drink, for they are worthy, Rev 17:6.