Teks -- Hebrews 12:19 (NET)

12:19 and the blast of a trumpet and a voice uttering words such that those who heard begged to hear no more.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: Heb 12:19 - Unto blackness

Unto blackness ( gnophōi ).

Dative case of gnophos (late form for earlier dnophos and kin to nephos , cloud), here only in N.T. Quoted here from Exo 10:22.

Robertson: Heb 12:19 - Darkness

Darkness ( zophōi ).

Old word, in Homer for the gloom of the world below. In the Symmachus Version of Exo 10:22, also in Jud 1:6; 2Pe 2:4, 2Pe 2:15.

Robertson: Heb 12:19 - Tempest

Tempest ( thuellēi ).

Old word from thuō (to boil, to rage), a hurricane, here only in N.T. From Exo 10:22.

Robertson: Heb 12:19 - The sound of a trumpet

The sound of a trumpet ( salpiggos ēchōi ).

From Exo 19:16. Echos is an old word (our echo ) as in Luk 21:25; Act 2:2.

Robertson: Heb 12:19 - The voice of words

The voice of words ( phōnēi rēmatōn ).

From Exo 19:19; Deu 4:12.

Robertson: Heb 12:19 - Which voice

Which voice ( hēs ).

Relative referring to phōnē (voice) just before, genitive case with akousantes (heard, aorist active participle).

Robertson: Heb 12:19 - Intreated

Intreated ( parēitēsanto ).

First aorist middle (indirect) indicative of paraiteomai , old verb, to ask from alongside (Mar 15:6), then to beg away from oneself, to depreciate as here, to decline (Act 25:11), to excuse (Luk 14:18), to avoid (1Ti 4:7).

Robertson: Heb 12:19 - That no word should be spoken unto them

That no word should be spoken unto them ( prostethēnai autois logon ).

First aorist passive infinitive of prostithēmi , old word to add, here with accusative of general reference (logon ), "that no word be added unto them."Some MSS. have here a redundant negative mē with the infinitive because of the negative idea in parēitēsanto as in Gal 5:7.

Vincent: Heb 12:19 - Sound of a trumpet

Sound of a trumpet ( σάλπιγγος ἤχῳ )

See Exo 19:16, Exo 19:19; Exo 20:18. Ηχος a noise, almost entirely in Luke and Acts. See Luk 4:37; Act 2:2; comp. lxx, 1Sa 14:19. Of the roar of the waves, Luk 21:25; comp. lxx, Psalm 64:7; 76:17. A rumor or report , see on Luk 4:37, and comp. lxx, 1Sa 4:16; Psa 9:6. It does not occur in the O.T. narrative of the giving of the law, where we have φωνή voice ; see lxx, Exo 19:13, Exo 19:16, Exo 19:19; Exo 20:18. For φωνή σάλπιγγος voice of a trumpet in N.T., see Rev 1:10; Rev 4:1; Rev 8:13. Σάλπιγξ is a war-trumpet .

Vincent: Heb 12:19 - Voice of words

Voice of words ( φωνῇ ῥημάτων )

See Exo 19:19; Deu 4:12; Deu 5:22, Deu 5:24, Deu 5:26.

Vincent: Heb 12:19 - Entreated

Entreated ( παρῃτήσαντο )

See on 1Ti 4:7.

Vincent: Heb 12:19 - Be spoken to them any more

Be spoken to them any more ( προστεθῆναι αὐτοῖς )

Lit. be added . See on Luk 3:19; see on Luk 20:11; see on Act 12:3. To them refers to the hearers, not to the things heard. Rend. " that no word more should be spoken unto them." Comp. Exo 20:19; Deu 5:25; Deu 18:16.

Wesley: Heb 12:19 - The sound of a trumpet

Formed, without doubt, by the ministry of angels, and preparatory to the words, that is, the Ten Commandments, which were uttered with a loud voice, Deu 5:22.

JFB: Heb 12:19 - trumpet

To rouse attention, and herald God's approach (Exo 19:16).

JFB: Heb 12:19 - entreated that the word should not be spoken

Literally, "that speech should not be added to them"; not that they refused to hear the word of God, but they wished that God should not Himself speak, but employ Moses as His mediating spokesman. "The voice of words" was the Decalogue, spoken by God Himself, a voice issuing forth, without any form being seen: after which "He added no more" (Deu 5:22).

Clarke: Heb 12:18-21 - For ye are not come unto the mount that might be touched

For ye are not come unto the mount that might be touched - I believe the words ψηλαφωμενῳ ορει should be translated to a palpable or material mountain; for that it was not a mountain that on this occasion might be touched, the history, Exo 19:12, Exo 19:13, shows; and the apostle himself, in Heb 12:20, confirms. It is called here a palpable or material mount, to distinguish it from that spiritual mount Sion, of which the apostle is speaking. Some contend that it should be translated tacto de caelo , thunder-struck; this sense would agree well enough with the scope of the place. The apostle’ s design is to show that the dispensation of the law engendered terror; that it was most awful and exclusive; that it belonged only to the Jewish people; and that, even to them, it was so terrible that they could not endure that which was commanded, and entreated that God would not communicate with them in his own person, but by the ministry of Moses: and even to Moses, who held the highest intimacy with Jehovah, the revealed glories, the burning fire, the blackness, the darkness, the tempest, the loud-sounding trumpet, and the voice of words, were so terrible that he said, I exceedingly fear and tremble

These were the things which were exhibited on that material mountain; but the Gospel dispensation is one grand, copious, and interesting display of the infinite love of God. It is all encouragement; breathes nothing but mercy; is not an exclusive system; embraces the whole human race; has Jesus, the sinner’ s friend, for its mediator; is ratified by his blood; and is suited, most gloriously suited, to all the wants and wishes of every soul of man.

Calvin: Heb 12:19 - NO PHRASE

19.=== They that heard entreated, === etc. This is the second clause, in which he shows that the Law was very different from the Gospel; for when it was promulgated there was nothing but terrors on every side. For everything we read of in the nineteenth chapter of Exo 19:1 was of this kind, and intended to show to the people that God had ascended his tribunal and manifested himself as a strict judge. If by chance an innocent beast approached, he commanded it to be killed: how much heavier punishment awaited sinners who were conscious of their guilt, nay, who knew themselves to be condemned to eternal death by the Law? But the Gospel contains nothing but love, provided it be received by faith. What remains to be said you may read in the 2Co 3:1 of the Second Epistle to the Corinthians.

But by the words the people entreated, etc., is not to be understood that they refused to hear God, but that they prayed not to be constrained to hear God himself speaking; for by the interposition of Moses their dread was somewhat mitigated. ²⁶⁴ Yet interpreters are at a loss to know how it is that the Apostle ascribes these words to Moses, I exceedingly fear and quake; for we read nowhere that they were expressed by Moses. But the difficulty may be easily removed, if we consider that Moses spoke thus in the name of the people, whose requests as their delegate he brought to God. It was, then, the common complaint of the whole people; but Moses is included, who was, as it were, the speaker for them all. ²⁶⁵

TSK: Heb 12:19 - the sound // and the voice // they that

the sound : Exo 19:16-19; 1Co 15:52; 1Th 4:16

and the voice : Exod. 20:1-17, Exo 20:22; Deu 4:12, Deu 4:33, 5:3-22

they that : Exo 20:18, Exo 20:19; Deu 5:24-27, Deu 18:16

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Heb 12:19 - And the sound of a trumpet // And the voice of words // Which voice they that heard entreated that the word should not be spoken to them any more

And the sound of a trumpet which was most shrill and dreadful, it sounded long, and waxed louder and louder, giving a fearful alarm unto Israel to draw near to the Lord to hear his law to them, and covenant with them, and to see a type of their doom, if they transgressed it, in an obscure representation of the general judgment, Exo 19:16,19 20:18 ; compare 1Th 4:16 2Th 1:7-9 .

And the voice of words: after which alarm, the Angel of the covenant uttered his voice out of the fire most majestically, distinctly, and loudly, and spake to Israel in their own language the ten words, or commandments, that they might hear and understand them, so as they sensed them to be dreadful for their sound and matter, Exo 20:1-20 Deu 4:10,12,13 5:1-27 .

Which voice they that heard entreated that the word should not be spoken to them any more: the people, being overwhelmed with the majesty and dreadfulness of that voice, deprecated any more such for matter or manner of manifestation to them, Exo 20:19 Deu 5:23-26 18:16 . And therefore desired Moses to speak to them God’ s law, and that God might speak no more.

Gill: Heb 12:19 - And the sound of a trumpet // and the voice of words // they that heard, entreated that the word should not be spoken to them any more

And the sound of a trumpet,.... Exo 19:16, which made it still more awful, as the sound of the trumpet will at the last day:

and the voice of words; of the ten words, or decalogue; which was as an articulate voice, formed by angels; and, therefore, the law is called the word spoken by angels, Heb 2:2 and is represented, as the voice of God himself, Exo 20:1 who made use of the ministry of angels to deliver the law to Moses; "which" voice is called קול דברים, "the voice of words", in Deu 4:12, and this voice,

they that heard, entreated that the word should not be spoken to them any more: fearing that they should die; wherefore they desired Moses to be their mediator, and draw nigh to God, and hear his words, and speak them to them, from him, Exo 20:19.