Teks -- 2 Samuel 3:2-5 (NET)

3:2 Now sons were born to David in Hebron. His firstborn was Amnon, born to Ahinoam the Jezreelite. 3:3 His second son was Kileab, born to Abigail the widow of Nabal the Carmelite. His third son was Absalom, the son of Maacah daughter of King Talmai of Geshur. 3:4 His fourth son was Adonijah, the son of Haggith. His fifth son was Shephatiah, the son of Abitail. 3:5 His sixth son was Ithream, born to David’s wife Eglah. These sons were all born to David in Hebron.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Wesley: 2Sa 3:3 - Geshur

A part of Syria, northward from the land of Israel. Her he married, as it may seem, in policy, that he might have a powerful friend and ally to assist him against Ishbosheth's party in the north, whilst himself opposed him in the southern parts. But he paid dear for making piety give place to policy, as the history of Absolom sheweth.

Wesley: 2Sa 3:5 - Eglah

This is added, either because she was of obscure parentage, and was known by no other title but her relation to David: or, because this was his first and most proper wife, best known by her other name of Michal, who, though she had no child by David after she scoffed at him for dancing before the ark, 2Sa 6:23, yet might have one before that time. And she might be named the last, because she was given away from David, and married to another man. Six sons in seven years. Some have had as numerous an offspring, and with much more honour and comfort, by one wife. And we know not that any of the six were famous: but three were very infamous.

JFB: 2Sa 3:2 - unto David were sons born in Hebron

The six sons mentioned had all different mothers.

JFB: 2Sa 3:3 - Chileab

("his father's picture")--called also Daniel (1Ch 3:1).

JFB: 2Sa 3:3 - Maacah the daughter of Talmai king of Geshur

A region in Syria, north of Israel. This marriage seems to have been a political match, made by David, with a view to strengthen himself against Ish-bosheth's party, by the aid of a powerful friend and ally in the north. Piety was made to yield to policy, and the bitter fruits of this alliance with a heathen prince he reaped in the life of the turbulent Absalom.

JFB: 2Sa 3:5 - Eglah David's wife

This addition has led many to think that Eglah was another name for Michal, the first and proper wife, who, though she had no family after her insolent ridicule of David (2Sa 6:23), might have had a child before.

Defender: 2Sa 3:2 - sons born

During his seven-year occupation with this civil war, David had six sons born in Hebron of six different wives. This was an unhealthy home situation at best, and it is sadly significant that at least three of these sons (Amnon, Absalom, Adonijah) later brought great grief to David and his family."

TSK: 2Sa 3:2 - sons born // Amnon // Ahinoam

sons born : 1Ch 3:1-4

Amnon : 2Sam. 13:1-29; Gen 49:3, Gen 49:4

Ahinoam : 1Sa 25:43

TSK: 2Sa 3:3 - Chileab // Abigail // Absalom // Talmai // Geshur

Chileab : 1Ch 3:1, Daniel

Abigail : 2Sa 2:2; 1Sa 25:3, 1Sa 25:42

Absalom : 2Sa 13:20-28, 2Sa 14:24-33, 15:1-18, 2Sa 17:1-14, 2Sa 18:9-18, 2Sa 18:33

Talmai : 2Sa 13:37, 2Sa 13:38

Geshur : Deu 3:14; Jos 13:13; 1Sa 27:8

TSK: 2Sa 3:4 - Adonijah

Adonijah : 1Ki 1:5-18, 1Ki 2:13-25

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: 2Sa 3:3 - Chileab // Geshur

Chileab called also Daniel , 1Ch 3:1 .

Geshur a part of Syria, northward from the land of Israel, Deu 3:14 Jos 12:5 . See 2Sa 13:37 14:23 15:8 . Her he married, as it may seem, in policy, that he might have a powerful friend and ally to assist him against Ish-bosheth’ s party in the north, whilst himself opposed him in the southern parts. But he paid dear for making piety give place to policy herein, as the history of Absalom showeth. There were other Geshurites southward from Canaan, whom David invaded, 1Sa 27:8 , and it is not impossible but they were a colony of those in the north.

Poole: 2Sa 3:5 - David’ s wife

David’ s wife: this is added, either because she was of obscure parentage, and was known by no other title but her relation to David; or to distinguish her from some other person of that name, who possibly might be of no good fame; or because this was his first and most proper wife, best known by her other name of Michal, who, though she had no child by David after she scoffed at him for dancing before the ark, 2Sa 6:23 , yet might have one before that time. And she might be named the last of these here, because she was given away from David, and married to another man, when David took the other wives; and therefore though she had been first, yet now she was become the last of them. Or this title, being put in the last place, may belong to all the rest of the women above mentioned, by a figure called zeugma , to distinguish them from his concubines, 2Sa 5:13 1Ch 3:9 .

Haydock: 2Sa 3:2 - Amnon

Amnon, who was murdered by Absalom, for his incest, chap. xiii. 32. (Menochius)

Haydock: 2Sa 3:3 - Cheleab // Gessur

Cheleab, or Daniel, 1 Paralipomenon iii. 1. Septuagint, "Dalnia." (Calmet) ---

Alexandrian, "Dalouja." (Haydock) ---

Others, "Abia." ---

Gessur, not far from Damascus. The lady probably first embraced the true religion, though the Scripture seldom enters into these details. (Calmet) ---

David is never blamed for marrying strange women. Salien supposes that he entered into this alliance before the civil war broke out, that Isboseth, who had fixed his court at Mahanaim, might have an opponent near at hand. The fruits of this marriage were very unfortunate, and brought great distress upon David: so little do men know what will be the event of the most splendid connections! (Haydock)

Haydock: 2Sa 3:4 - Adonias

Adonias was slain by Solomon, (3 Kings ii. 24.; Menochius) for arrogating to himself the right of the first-born, and pretending that the crown belonged to him. (Haydock) ---

The names of his mother, and of those who follow, are barely known. (Salien)

Haydock: 2Sa 3:5 - Wife

Wife. She was otherwise of no nobility, but perhaps loved by David more than the rest, as Rachel was by Jacob. The Rabbins would infer that Egla and Michol are the same person. But the latter had no children, (chap. vi. 23.; Salien) and is mentioned [in] ver. 13.

Gill: 2Sa 3:2 - And unto David were sons born in Hebron // and his firstborn was Amnon, of Ahinoam the Jezreelitess

And unto David were sons born in Hebron,.... He was married before he came there, had wives in his state of exile, but had no children by them there, at least no sons; if any, only daughters:

and his firstborn was Amnon, of Ahinoam the Jezreelitess; who being mentioned first, and her son his firstborn, seems to have been his wife before be took Abigail; he had not much comfort of this firstborn son of his; see 2Sa 13:1.

Gill: 2Sa 3:3 - And the second, Chileab, of Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite // and the third, Absalom the son of Maacah, the daughter of Talmai king of Geshur

And the second, Chileab, of Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite,.... That is: who had been the wife of Nabal. This son's name is called Daniel, 1Ch 3:1; and was the first name he had, and which his father gave him, because as if he should say, "God hath judged me", and pleaded the cause of his reproach from Nabal, 1Sa 25:39; but why he should be called Chileab is not easy to say; the name is commonly thought to signify "like unto his father", or "all father": had all the features of his father, and was exceedingly like him; the Jews have a fabulous story concerning this ^w, not worth relating:

and the third, Absalom the son of Maacah, the daughter of Talmai king of Geshur; in 1Sa 27:8 we read of David's invading the land of the Geshurites; and the Jews say ^x that he then took the daughter of this king captive, and she being a beautiful woman married her, after made a proselyte according to the law in Deu 21:10; but it should be observed that David slew all the women of that country, and left not any alive; and besides that lay to the south of Judah, whereas this Geshur, of which Talmai was king, was a part of Syria, 2Sa 15:8; and lay to the north of the land of Israel; and with this king David hereby entered into an alliance, to strengthen his interest against Ishbosheth in those parts; of the trouble he met with from Absalom, see 2Sa 13:1, &c. contrary to the expectations he had raised when he gave him the name of Absalom, or Leabsalom, as in 1Ch 3:2; that is, one given "for his father's peace".

Gill: 2Sa 3:4 - And the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith // and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital

And the fourth, Adonijah the son of Haggith,.... The same that usurped the throne before his father's death, to anticipate Solomon, and died by his order, 1Ki 1:5,

and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; of whom we read nowhere else.

Gill: 2Sa 3:5 - And the sixth, Ithream, by Eglah David's wife

And the sixth, Ithream, by Eglah David's wife,.... Who also is not spoken of in any other place; only, in a like chronological account as the former, it is remarked that the mother of this only is called David's wife; the reason of which is supposed to be, either because she was a person of no note, and had nothing else to distinguish her; but the same may be said of the two foregoing; or because she was his beloved wife, his heifer, as her name signifies; hence the Jews ^y take her to be Michal his first wife, whom he greatly loved, and who, though she had no children after her contempt of David for playing before the ark, unto the day of her death, yet might have before: but it should be observed, that as yet she was not returned to David in Hebron; and when she was returned, did not seem to continue there long enough to have a son there; and besides, being his first wife, would not be reckoned last; but still more foreign is another notion of the Jews ^z, that she was Saul's widow, who though she might not be married to another might be married to a king, as David was; and this they suppose receives some confirmation from 2Sa 12:8; but after all it may be this phrase "David's wife", as some have observed, by a figure the rhetoricians call "zeugma", or "hypozeugma", is to be joined to everyone of the women before mentioned, 2Sa 3:2, who were his wives, and so called to distinguish them from his concubines, by whom he had sons also. Polygamy, or plurality of wives, which David gave into, is no favourable part of his character.