Teks -- 1 John 5:19 (NET)

5:19 We know that we are from God, and the whole world lies in the power of the evil one.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: 1Jo 5:19 - Of God

Of God ( ek tou theou ).

See 1Jo 3:10; 1Jo 4:6 for this idiom.

Robertson: 1Jo 5:19 - Lieth in the evil one

Lieth in the evil one ( en tōi ponērōi keitai ).

Present middle indicative of the defective verb keimai , to lie, as in Luk 2:12. Ponērōi is masculine, like ho ponēros in 1Jo 5:18. This is a terrible picture of the Graeco-Roman world of the first century a.d., which is confirmed by Paul in Romans 1 and 2 and by Horace, Seneca, Juvenal, Tacitus.

Vincent: 1Jo 5:19 - We are of God

We are of God ( ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐσμέν )

For the phrase εἷναι ἐκ to be from , see on Joh 1:46. For ἐσμέν we are , see on 1Jo 3:1. John expresses the relation of believers to God by the following phrases: To be born or begotten of God , γεννηθῆναι ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ (1Jo 5:1; 1Jo 2:29; 1Jo 4:7): denoting the initial communication of the new life. To be of God , εἷναι ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ (Joh 8:47; 1Jo 3:10; 1Jo 4:6): denoting the essential connection in virtue of the new life. Child of God , τέκνον Θεοῦ (Joh 1:12; 1Jo 3:1, 1Jo 3:10): denoting the relation established by the new life.

Vincent: 1Jo 5:19 - World

World ( κόσμος )

See on Joh 1:9.

Vincent: 1Jo 5:19 - Lieth

Lieth ( κεῖται )

The word is stronger than ἐστι is , indicating the passive, unprogressive state in the sphere of Satan's influence. " While we are from God , implying a birth and a proceeding forth, and a change of state, the κόσμος the world , all the rest of mankind, remains in the hand of the evil one" (Alford).

Vincent: 1Jo 5:19 - In wickedness

In wickedness ( ἐν τῷ πονηρῷ )

Rev., better, in the evil one . The expression to lie in has a parallel in Sophocles' " Antigone:"

ἐν ὑμῖν γὰρ ὡς Θεῷ

κείμεθα τλάμονες

" Wretched we lie in you as in a god" (247).

Wesley: 1Jo 5:19 - We know that we are children of God

By the witness and the fruit of his Spirit, 1Jo 3:24.

Wesley: 1Jo 5:19 - But the whole world

All who have not his Spirit, not only is "touched" by him, but by idolatry, fraud, violence lasciviousness, impiety, all manner of wickedness.

Wesley: 1Jo 5:19 - Lieth in the wicked one

Void of life, void of sense. In this short expression the horrible state of the world is painted in the most lively colours; a comment on which we have in the actions, conversations, contracts, quarrels, and friendships of worldly men.

JFB: 1Jo 5:19 - world lieth in wickedness

Rather, "lieth in the wicked one," as the Greek is translated in 1Jo 5:18; 1Jo 2:13-14; compare 1Jo 4:4; Joh 17:14-15. The world lieth in the power of, and abiding in, the wicked one, as the resting-place and lord of his slaves; compare "abideth in death," 1Jo 3:14; contrast 1Jo 5:20, "we are in Him that is true." While the believer has been delivered out of his power, the whole world lieth helpless and motionless still in it, just as it was; including the wise, great, respectable, and all who are not by vital union in Christ.

Clarke: 1Jo 5:19 - We know that we are of God

We know that we are of God - Have the fullest proof of the truth of Christianity, and of our own reconciliation to God through the death of his Son

Clarke: 1Jo 5:19 - The whole world lieth in wickedness

The whole world lieth in wickedness - Εν τῳ πονηρῳ κειται· Lieth in the wicked one - is embraced in the arms of the devil, where it lies fast asleep and carnally secure, deriving its heat and power from its infernal fosterer. What a truly awful state! And do not the actions, tempers, propensities, opinions and maxims of all worldly men prove and illustrate this? "In this short expression,"says Mr. Wesley, "the horrible state of the world is painted in the most lively colors; a comment on which we have in the actions, conversations, contracts, quarrels and friendships of worldly men."Yes, their Actions are opposed to the law of God; their Conversations shallow, simulous, and false; their Contracts forced, interested, and deceitful; their Quarrels puerile, ridiculous, and ferocious; and their Friendships hollow, insincere, capricious, and fickle: - all, all the effect of their lying in the arms of the wicked one; for thus they become instinct with his own spirit: and because they are of their father the devil, therefore his lusts they will do.

Calvin: 1Jo 5:19 - We are of God

19.We are of God He deduces an exhortation from his previous doctrine; for what he had declared in common as to the children of God, he now applies to those he was writing to; and this he did, to stimulate them to beware of sin, and to encourage them to repel the onsets of Satan.

Let readers observe, that it is only true faith, that applies to us, so to speak, the grace of God; for the Apostle acknowledges none as faithful, but those who have the dignity of being God’s children. Nor does he indeed put probable conjecture, as the Sophists speak, for confidence; for he says that we know. The meaning is, that as we have been born of God, we ought to strive to prove by our separation from the world, and by the sanctity of our life, that we have not been in vain called to so great all honor.

Now, this is an admonition very necessary for all the godly; for wherever they turn their eyes, Satan has his allurements prepared, by which he seeks to draw them away from God. It would then be difficult for them to hold on in their course, were they not so to value their calling as to disregard all the hindrances of the world. Then, in order to be well prepared for the contest, these two things must be borne in mind, that the world is wicked, and that our calling is from God.

Under the term world, the Apostle no doubt includes the whole human race. By saying that it lieth in the wicked one, he represents it as being under the dominion of Satan. There is then no reason why we should hesitate to shun the world, which condemns God and delivers up itself into the bondage of Satan: nor is there a reason why we should fear its enmity, because it is alienated from God. In short, since corruption pervades all nature, the faithful ought to study self-denial; and since nothing is seen in the world but wickedness and corruption, they must necessarily disregard flesh and blood that they may follow God. At the same time the other thing ought to be added, that God is he who has called them, that under this protection they may oppose all the machinations of the world and Satan.

Defender: 1Jo 5:19 - wickedness

"Wickedness" here is explicitly referring to "that wicked one" of the previous verse. Satan, indeed, is now "the god of this world" (2Co 4:4), the one "which deceiveth the whole world" (Rev 12:9). We, however, "are of God" and certainly should not be pandering to the world system as so many evangelicals today are wont to do."

TSK: 1Jo 5:19 - we know // and the // in wickedness

we know : 1Jo 5:10,1Jo 5:13, 1Jo 5:20, 1Jo 3:14, 1Jo 3:24, 1Jo 4:4-6; Rom 8:16; 2Co 1:12, 2Co 5:1; 2Ti 1:12

and the : 1Jo 4:4, 1Jo 4:5; Joh 15:18, Joh 15:19; Rom 1:28-32, Rom 3:9-18; Gal 1:4; Tit 3:3; Jam 4:4

in wickedness : 1Jo 5:18; Joh 12:31, Joh 14:30, Joh 16:11; 2Co 4:4; Eph 2:2; Rev 12:9, Rev 13:7, Rev 13:8; Rev 20:3, Rev 20:7, Rev 20:8

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: 1Jo 5:19

And this he doth not exclusively assume to himself, but expresses his charitable confidence of them to whom he writes, that it was their privilege, in common with him, to be thus of God, or born of him; notwithstanding the generality of men were under the power of that before-mentioned wicked one, (as that phrase may be read), or in the midst of all impurity and malignity.

Haydock: 1Jo 5:19 - And the whole world is seated in wickedness

And the whole world is seated in wickedness; [6] i.e. a great part of the world. It may also signify, is under the wicked one; meaning the devil, who is elsewhere called the prince of this world, that is, of all the wicked. (John xii. 31.) (Witham)

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[BIBLIOGRAPHY]

In maligno positus est, Greek: en to ponero keitai.

Gill: 1Jo 5:19 - And we know that we are of God // and the whole world lies in wickedness

And we know that we are of God,.... The sons of God, and regenerated by him; this is known by the Spirit of God, which witnesses to the spirits of the saints that they are the children of God; and by the fruits and effects of regenerating grace, as love to the brethren, and the like:

and the whole world lies in wickedness; that is, the men of the world, the greater part of the inhabitants of it, who are as they were when they came into it, not being born of God; these are addicted to sin and, wickedness; the bias of their minds is to it, they are set upon it, and give themselves up to it, are immersed in it, and are under the power of it: or "in the wicked one"; Satan, the god of this world; they are under his influence, and led according to his will, and they are governed by him, and are at his beck and command; and this is known, by sad experience, it is easy of observation;

"And cannot comprehend the things that are promised to the righteous in time to come: for this world is full of unrighteousness and infirmities.'' (2 Esdras 4:27)