Teks -- Acts 24:5 (NET)

24:5 For we have found this man to be a troublemaker, one who stirs up riots among all the Jews throughout the world, and a ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: Act 24:5 - For we have found

For we have found ( heurontes gar ).

Second aorist active participle of heuriskō , but without a principal verb in the sentence. Probably we have here only a "summary of the charges against Paul"(Page).

Robertson: Act 24:5 - A pestilent fellow

A pestilent fellow ( loimon ).

An old word for pest, plague, pestilence, Paul the pest. In N.T. only here and Luk 21:11 (loimoi kai limoi , pestilences and famines) which see. Latin pestis . Think of the greatest preacher of the ages being branded a pest by a contemporary hired lawyer.

Robertson: Act 24:5 - A mover of insurrections

A mover of insurrections ( kinounta staseis ).

This was an offence against Roman law if it could be proven. "Plotted against at Damascus, plotted against at Jerusalem, expelled from Pisidian Antioch, stoned at Lystra, scourged and imprisoned at Philippi, accused of treason at Thessalonica, haled before the proconsul at Corinth, cause of a serious riot at Ephesus, and now finally of a riot at Jerusalem"(Furneaux). Specious proof could have been produced, but was not. Tertullus went on to other charges with which a Roman court had no concern (instance Gallio in Corinth).

Robertson: Act 24:5 - Throughout the world

Throughout the world ( kata tēn oikoumenēn ).

The Roman inhabited earth (gēn ) as in Act 17:6.

Robertson: Act 24:5 - A ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes

A ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes ( prōtostatēn tēs tōn Nazōraiōn haireseōs ).

Prōtostatēs is an old word in common use from prōtos and histēmi , a front-rank man, a chief, a champion. Here only in the N.T. This charge is certainly true. About "sect"(hairesis ) see note on Act 5:17. Nazōraioi here only in the plural in the N.T., elsewhere of Jesus (Mat 2:23; Mat 26:71; Luk 18:37; Joh 18:5, Joh 18:7; Joh 19:19; Act 2:22; Act 3:6; Act 4:10; Act 6:14; Act 22:8; Act 26:9). The disciple is not above his Master. There was a sneer in the term as applied to Jesus and here to his followers.

Vincent: Act 24:5 - Pestilent fellow

Pestilent fellow ( λοιμὸν )

Lit., a plague or pest .

Vincent: Act 24:5 - Ringleader

Ringleader ( πρωτοστάτην )

Originally, one who stands first on the right of a line; a file-leader. Thus Thucydides says that all armies when engaging are apt to thrust outward their right wing; and adds, " The first man in the front rank (ὁ πρωτοστάτης ) of the right wing is originally responsible for the deflection" (v., 71). Here, of course, metaphorically, as A. V. and Rev. Only here in New Testament.

Vincent: Act 24:5 - Sect

Sect ( εἱρέσεως )

See on heresies , 2Pe 2:1.

Vincent: Act 24:5 - Nazarenes

Nazarenes

The only passage in scripture where this term is used to denote the Christians. See on Mat 2:23.

JFB: Act 24:5-8 - a pestilent fellow

A plague, or pest.

JFB: Act 24:5-8 - and a mover of sedition among all the Jews

By exciting disturbances among them.

JFB: Act 24:5-8 - throughout the world

(See on Luk 2:1). This was the first charge; and true only in the sense explained on Act 16:20.

JFB: Act 24:5-8 - a ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes

The second charge; and true enough.

Clarke: Act 24:5 - For we have found this man, etc.

For we have found this man, etc. - Here the proposition of the orator commences. He accuses Paul, ant his accusation includes four particulars: -

1.    He is a pest, λοιμος ; an exceedingly bad and wicked man

2.    He excites disturbances and seditions against the Jews

3.    He is the chief of the sect of the Nazarenes, who are a very bad people, and should not be tolerated

4.    He has endeavored to pollute and profane the temple, and we took him in the fact

Clarke: Act 24:5 - A pestilent fellow

A pestilent fellow - The word λοιμος, pestis - the plague or pestilence, is used by both Greek and Roman authors to signify a very bad and profligate man; we have weakened the force of the word by translating the substantive adjectively. Tertullus did not say that Paul was a pestilent fellow, but he said that he was the very pestilence itself. As in that of Martial, xi. 92: -

Non vitiosus homo es, Zoile, sed vitium

"Thou art not a vicious man, O Zoilus, but thou art vice itself.

The words λοιμος, and pestis , are thus frequently used. - See Wetstein, Bp. Pearce, and Kypke

Clarke: Act 24:5 - A mover of sedition

A mover of sedition - Instead of Ϛασιν, sedition, ABE, several others, with the Coptic, Vulgate, Chrysostom, Theophylact, and Oecumenius, read Ϛασεις, commotions, which is probably the true reading

Clarke: Act 24:5 - Among all the Jews

Among all the Jews - Bp. Pearce contends that the words should be understood thus - one that stirreth up tumults Against all the Jews; for, if they be understood otherwise, Tertullus may be considered as accusing his countrymen, as if they, at Paul’ s instigation, were forward to make insurrections every where. On the contrary, he wishes to represent them as a persecuted and distressed people, by means of Paul and his Nazarenes

Clarke: Act 24:5 - A ringleader

A ringleader - Πρωτοστατην . This is a military phrase, and signifies the officer who stands on the right of the first rank; the captain of the front rank of the sect of the Nazarenes; της των ναζωραιων αἱρεσεως, of the heresy of the Nazarenes. This word is used six times by St. Luke; viz. in this verse, and in Act 24:14, and in Act 5:17; Act 15:5; Act 26:5; Act 28:22; but in none of them does it appear necessarily to include that bad sense which we generally assign to the word heresy. - See the note on Act 5:17, where the subject is largely considered; and see farther on Act 24:14 (note).

Calvin: Act 24:5 - For we found this man

5.For we found this man Tertullus doth aim at a double mark. The first is this, that Paul may be delivered to the Jews, because they be very skillful in matters which concern the worship of God and the law of Moses. But and if he deny this, he layeth to his charge a crime worthy of death, because he procured contention − ⁵⁶⁶ among the people. They knew that the Romans did hate nothing more, therefore they urge that the sorest against Paul. This doth Tertullus amplify when he saith, that Paul had moved the Jews throughout the whole world. But I wonder why he addeth that he is the author or chief of the sect of the Nazarites, which we know was rather a praise than a dispraise among the Jews. I think that they mean not those who, according to the old and lawful custom of the law, did consecrate themselves to God, but those troublesome murderers who did also vaunt and boast that they were zealous men. − ⁵⁶⁷ Some − ⁵⁶⁸ think that Nazarites are here put for Christians, which may very well be. But if we like the former exposition better, he doth craftily lay to Paul’s charge that he was one of that sect which the Romans did hate. For whereas these zealous men would above all other have been counted for notable observers of the law, they advanced a color of zeal as a banner to stir up the minds of the common people. Nevertheless, these good men, who are so zealous over their liberty, do not spare the chiefest maintainers thereof, so they may cause Paul to be hated by means of them. They would have commended the Nazarites as courageous defenders of the law, if it had not been in this matter, but now, as if they did infect the whole world, they seek to bring upon Paul great reproach by saying that he is one of them. Moreover, they slander Paul impudently, for no man did think that he was guilty of that crime. Therefore they lay to his charge, no less wickedly than maliciously, a crime which they take up at their foot, − ⁵⁶⁹ and invent without all color. But such is the careless security of hypocrites, that they think they may do whatsoever they will, so they color their doings with zeal. −

Defender: Act 24:5 - sect of the Nazarenes

This is the only place in the Bible where Christians are called Nazarenes, no doubt to capitalize on the common prejudicial proverb: "Can there any good thing come out of Nazareth?" (Joh 1:46). In fact, the charges presented by Tertullus were intentionally loaded with prejudicial language - "pestilent," "sedition," "ringleader," "sect," "profane" - intended obviously to prejudice Felix against Paul."

TSK: Act 24:5 - we have // and a mover // the sect // Nazarenes

we have : Act 6:13, Act 16:20,Act 16:21, Act 17:6, Act 17:7, Act 21:28, Act 22:22, Act 28:22; 1Ki 18:17, 1Ki 18:18; Jer 38:4; Amo 7:10; Mat 5:11, Mat 5:12, Mat 10:25; 1Co 4:13

and a mover : 1Sa 22:7-9; Ezr 4:12-19; Neh 6:5-8; Est 3:8; Luk 23:2, Luk 23:5, Luk 23:19, Luk 23:25; 1Pe 2:12-15, 1Pe 2:19

the sect : Act 24:14 *Gr: Act 5:17, Act 15:5, Act 26:5, Act 28:22; 1Co 11:19 *Gr.

Nazarenes : Mat 2:23

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Act 24:5 - A pestilent fellow // The sect

A pestilent fellow a pest, or plague, the abstract being put for the concrete, as implying, that no word he could use could properly signify the mischievousness of that man, whom he falsely charges with

sedition (not that the Jews would have disliked him for that, had it been true, but) to make St. Paul the more odious, and in danger of his life.

The sect or heresy, which in common use was then taken more favourably, for any doctrine.

Of the Nazarenes; of the Christians; for they who out of Judea were called Christians, in Judea were called Nazarenes. The Jews did call our Saviour and his followers thus, it being accounted an ignominious term; and they who were born at Nazareth disgraced by it, as appears by Nathanael’ s question, Can there any good thing come out of Nazareth? Joh 1:46 . Yet this name is most glorious, as imposed upon our Saviour by God himself, Mat 2:23 .

Haydock: Act 24:5 - A pestilent // Author

A pestilent, [2] or pernicious, and pestiferous man; Greek, one that is a plague. ---

Author, or ringleader of the seditious sect, &c. (Witham)

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[BIBLIOGRAPHY]

Hominem pestiferum, Greek: loimon, pestem.

Gill: Act 24:5 - For we have found this man a pestilent fellow // And a mover of sedition among all the Jews throughout the world // and a ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes

For we have found this man a pestilent fellow,.... Pointing to Paul, the prisoner at the bar; the word here used signifies the "pest" or "plague" itself; and it was usual with orators among the Romans, when they would represent a man as a very wicked man, as dangerous to the state, and unworthy to live in it, to call him the pest of the city, or of the country, or of the empire, as may be observed in several places in Cicero's Orations.

And a mover of sedition among all the Jews throughout the world: sedition was severely punished by the Romans, being what they carefully watched and guarded against, and was what the Jews were supposed to be very prone unto; and Tertullus would suggest, that the several riots, and tumults, and seditions, fomented by the Jews, in the several parts of the Roman empire, here called the world, were occasioned by the apostle: the crime charged upon him is greatly aggravated, as that not only he was guilty of sedition, but that he was the mover of it, and that he stirred up all the Jews to it, and that in every part of the world, or empire, than which nothing was more false; the Jews often raised up a mob against him, but he never rioted them, and much less moved them against the Roman government: and to this charge he adds,

and a ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes; not Nazarites, as Calvin seems to understand the passage; for these were men of great repute among the Jews, and for Paul to be at the head of them would never be brought against him as a charge: but Nazarenes, that is, Christians, so called by way of contempt and reproach, from Jesus of Nazareth; which name and sect being contemptible among the Romans, as well as Jews, are here mentioned to make the apostle more odious.