He has besieged ¹  and surrounded ²  me with bitter hardship. ³ 

biblegateway Lam 3:5

He has besieged and encompassed me with bitterness and hardship.

He has laid siege against me, encircling me with bitterness and hardship.

He has attacked me and surrounded me with bitterness and hardship.

biblegateway Lam 3:5

He has besieged me and surrounded me with bitterness and hardship.

he has besieged and enveloped me with bitterness and tribulation;

bibleoremus Lam 3:5

he has besieged and enveloped me with bitterness and tribulation;

he has built up as walls around me bitterness and hardship;

biblegateway Lam 3:5

He has besieged me And surrounded me with bitterness and woe.

He hath builded against me, and compassed [me] with gall and travail.

biblegateway Lam 3:5

He has besieged ¹  and surrounded ²  me with bitter hardship. ³ 

¹ tn Heb “he has built against me.” The verb בָּנָה (banah, “to build”) followed by the preposition עַל (’al, “against”) often refers to the action of building siege-works against a city, that is, to besiege a city (e.g., Deut 20:2; 2 Kgs 25:1; Eccl 9:14; Jer 52:4; Ezek 4:2; 17:17; 21:27). Normally, an explicit accusative direct object is used (e.g., מָצוֹד [matsor] or מָצוֹדִים [matsorim]); however, here, the expression is used absolutely without an explicit accusative [BDB 124 s.v. בָּנָה 1a.η]).

² tn The verb נָקַף (naqaf, “to surround”) refers to the military action of an army surrounding a besieged city by placing army encampments all around the city, to prevent anyone in the city from escaping (2 Kgs 6:14; 11:8; Pss 17:9; 88:18; Job 19:6).

³ tn Heb “with bitterness and hardship.” The nouns רֹאשׁ וּתְלָאָה (ro’sh utÿla’ah, lit. “bitterness and hardship”) function as adverbial accusatives of manner: “with bitterness and hardship.” The two nouns רֹאשׁ וּתְלָאָה (ro’sh utÿla’ah, “bitterness and hardship”) form a nominal hendiadys: the second retains its full nominal sense, while the first functions adverbially: “bitter hardship.” The noun II רֹאשׁ (ro’sh, “bitterness”) should not be confused with the common homonymic root I רֹאשׁ (ro’sh, “head”). The noun תְּלָאָה (tÿla’ah, “hardship”) is used elsewhere in reference to the distress of Israel in Egypt (Num 20:14), in the wilderness (Exod 18:8), and in exile (Neh 9:32).