Teks -- Exodus 28:12 (NET)

28:12 You are to put the two stones on the shoulders of the ephod, stones of memorial for the sons of Israel, and Aaron will bear their names before the Lord on his two shoulders for a memorial.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

JFB: Exo 28:6-14 - ephod

It was a very gorgeous robe made of byssus, curiously embroidered, and dyed with variegated colors, and further enriched with golden tissue, the threads of gold being either originally interwoven or afterwards inserted by the embroiderer. It was short--reaching from the breast to a little below the loins--and though destitute of sleeves, retained its position by the support of straps thrown over each shoulder. These straps or braces, connecting the one with the back, the other with the front piece of which the tunic was composed, were united on the shoulder by two onyx stones, serving as buttons, and on which the names of the twelve tribes were engraved, and set in golden encasements. The symbolical design of this was, that the high priest, who bore the names along with him in all his ministrations before the Lord, might be kept in remembrance of his duty to plead their cause, and supplicate the accomplishment of the divine promises in their favor. The ephod was fastened by a girdle of the same costly materials, that is, dyed, embroidered, and wrought with threads of gold. It was about a handbreadth wide and wound twice round the upper part of the waist; it fastened in front, the ends hanging down at great length (Rev 1:13).|| 02309||1||15||0||@thou shalt make the breastplate of judgment with cunning work==--a very splendid and richly embroidered piece of brocade, a span square, and doubled, to enable it the better to bear the weight of the precious stones in it. There were twelve different stones, containing each the name of a tribe, and arranged in four rows, three in each. The Israelites had acquired a knowledge of the lapidary's art in Egypt, and the amount of their skill in cutting, polishing, and setting precious stones, may be judged of by the diamond forming one of the engraved ornaments on this breastplate. A ring was attached to each corner, through which the golden chains were passed to fasten this brilliant piece of jewelry at the top and bottom tightly on the breast of the ephod.

Clarke: Exo 28:12 - Aaron shall bear their names before the Lord

Aaron shall bear their names before the Lord - He was to consider that he was the representative of the children of Israel; and the stones on the ephod and the stones on the breastplate were for a memorial to put Aaron in remembrance that he was the priest and mediator of the twelve tribes; and, speaking after the manner of men, God was to be put in mind of the children of Israel, their wants, etc., as frequently as the high priest appeared before him with the breastplate and the ephod. See Exo 28:29.

TSK: Exo 28:12 - the shoulders // Aaron shall bear // for a memorial

the shoulders : Exo 28:7; Psa 89:19; Isa 9:6, Isa 12:2; Zec 6:13, Zec 6:14; Heb 7:25-28

Aaron shall bear : Exo 28:29, Exo 39:6, Exo 39:7

for a memorial : Exo 12:14, Exo 13:9, Exo 39:7; Gen 9:12-17; Lev 24:7; Num 16:40, Num 31:54; Jos 4:7; Isa 62:6; Zec 6:14; Luk 1:54, Luk 1:72; Act 10:4

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Exo 28:12 - Upon the shoulders of the ephod // Before the Lord // For a memorial

Upon the shoulders of the ephod , i.e. in the place where the two shoulder-pieces were joined together.

Before the Lord ; into the holy of holies: an evident type of Christ’ s entering into heaven with the names and in the stead of his people, the true Israel, upon his shoulders, and presenting them to his Father with acceptance.

For a memorial ; not so much to the high priest, that he should not forget to pray for them, as to God, that he, beholding their names there, according to his order, might graciously remember them, and show mercy unto them. Such a memorial to God was the rainbow, Gen 9:13 . Such things are spoken of God after the manner of men.

Haydock: Exo 28:12 - Remembrance

Remembrance, for both, ver. 29. The sins or burdens of the people, were thus to be borne by the high priest, and he was to make intercession for them. (Tirinus)

Gill: Exo 28:12 - And thou shall put the stones upon the shoulders of the ephod // for stones of memorial unto the children of Israel // and Aaron shall bear their names before the Lord upon his two shoulders for a memorial

And thou shall put the stones upon the shoulders of the ephod,.... That is, the shoulder pieces of it; these stones were put there, the names of the twelve sons of Israel being engraven on them, and they, set in rims or sockets of gold, and serving for buttons to the shoulder pieces: but chiefly the design of them was

for stones of memorial unto the children of Israel: not to put the Israelites in mind of the merits of their ancestors, as the Targum of Jonathan; for none of their works were meritorious, and some were not good, and not worthy of remembrance; but rather to put Aaron or the high priest in mind to pray and make intercession for the twelve tribes, whose names were on the stones; or rather to put God himself in remembrance of his promises made unto them, and that they were his dear, special, and peculiar people; just as the rainbow was to be a memorial to the Lord of the covenant he made with all flesh, and which is to be understood after the manner of men:

and Aaron shall bear their names before the Lord upon his two shoulders for a memorial; signifying his presentation of them to the Lord when he appeared before him on the mercy seat; his intercession for them, and his patient bearing all their infirmities and weaknesses; in which he was a type of Christ, who presents all his people to his divine Father, makes intercession for them, and bears all their burdens, the care and government of them being upon his shoulders, Isa 9:6.