Teks -- Psalms 118:22 (NET)

118:22 The stone which the builders discarded has become the cornerstone.

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Wesley: Psa 118:22 - The builders

The commonwealth of Israel and the church of God are here and elsewhere compared to a building, wherein, as the people are the stones, so the princes and rulers are the builders.

Wesley: Psa 118:22 - And as these master

builders rejected David, so their successors rejected Christ.

Wesley: Psa 118:22 - Head stone

The chief stone in the whole building, by which the several parts of the building are upheld and firmly united together. Thus David united all the tribes and families of Israel: and thus Christ united Jews and Gentiles together. And therefore this place is justly expounded of Christ, Mar 12:10; Act 4:11; Rom 9:32; Eph 2:20. And to him the words agree more properly than to David.

JFB: Psa 118:22-23

These words are applied by Christ (Mat 21:42) to Himself, as the foundation of the Church (compare Act 4:11; Eph 2:20; 1Pe 2:4, 1Pe 2:7). It may here denote God's wondrous exaltation to power and influence of him whom the rulers of the nation despised. Whether (see on Psa 118:1) David or Zerubbabel (compare Hag 2:2; Zec 4:7-10) be primarily meant, there is here typically represented God's more wonderful doings in exalting Christ, crucified as an impostor, to be the Prince and Saviour and Head of His Church.

Clarke: Psa 118:22 - The stone which the builders refused

The stone which the builders refused - See a full elucidation of these two verses in the notes on Mat 21:42 (note).

Calvin: Psa 118:22 - The stone which the builders rejected

22.The stone which the builders rejected In these words David boldly pours contempt on the calumnies with which he was unjustly and undeservedly assailed. As there was something ominous in his being condemned by the entire assemblage of the nobles, and all those who were invested with authority, and as the opinion was prevalent, that he was a wicked and rejected man; this error he deliberately refutes, and vindicates his innocence in the face of the principal men among them. “It is of little importance to me that I am abandoned by the chief men, seeing I have been visibly chosen by the judgment of God to be king over Israel.” The similitude which he employs is appropriate, comparing himself to a stone, and the principal rulers of the Church to master-builders It might, indeed, appear most irrational on his part to assert that the heads of the realm, to whom the government of the Church was intrusted, should be deprived of the Spirit of God, and divested of a sound judgment. Hence, in opposition to their perverse and erroneous judgment, he places the grace of God, declaring that he was placed by the purpose and power of God to sustain the whole building. In a word, he shows that splendid titles and high rank, in which his enemies glory, are no obstruction to him, because, relying upon the call of God, he possesses a glory superior to the verdict of the whole world. It being a difficult matter to persuade them of the truth of this, he magnifies and enlarges upon the grace of God, in order that its authority might suppress all evil speaking and clamorous surmises.

Defender: Psa 118:22 - head stone

Although this key psalm may be appropriated by each believer, it primarily is fulfilled in Christ as shown by the use of this verse in the New Testament (Mat 21:42; Act 4:11; 1Pe 2:7). According to Jewish tradition the stones for Solomon's temple, quarried and shaped far from the temple site, included one odd-shaped stone which did not fit anywhere. It was to be the main cornerstone (possibly capstone) of the entire structure."

TSK: Psa 118:22 - The stone // the head

The stone : Mat 21:42; Mar 12:10, Mar 12:11; Luk 20:17; Act 4:11; Eph 2:20-22; 1Pe 2:4-8

the head : Zec 4:7

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Psa 118:22 - The head stone of the corner

The commonwealth of Israel and the church of God are here and elsewhere in Scripture compared to a building, wherein as the people are the stones and the matter, so the princes and rulers are the builders, whose office it was to erect, and support, and improve the building, and to use their wisdom and power in choosing fit materials for the several parts and purposes of the building, and in the rejection of what was unprofitable and inconvenient. And these master-builders rejected David as an obscure, and treacherous, and rebellious person, fit to be not only laid aside and thrown away, but also to be crushed to pieces. And so their successors rejected Christ as an enemy to Moses, a friend to sinners, and a blasphemer against God, and therefore deserving death and damnation.

The head stone of the corner the chief stone in the whole building, by which the several parts of the building are upheld and firmly united and kept together. Thus David united all the tribes and families of Israel, who had been miserably distracted and divided by the civil wars between the houses of Saul and David. And thus Christ united Jews and Gentiles together, as is observed, Eph 2:14 , &c. And although David alludeth to himself and his own condition, yet it is not to be doubted but that having the prophetical Spirit, by which he foresaw the coming of Christ, and his ill usage from the Jews, of which he speaks very particularly Ps 22 , and elsewhere; and having his thoughts much taken up with Christ and the event of his kingdom, of which he speaks in divers of his Psalms, he had his eye principally fixed upon him in these and the following expressions. And therefore this place is justly expounded of Christ in the New Testament, as Mar 12:10 Act 4:11 Rom 9:32 Eph 2:20 1Pe 2:6 , compared with Isa 28:16 . And to him indeed the words agree much more properly and fully than to David.

Gill: Psa 118:22 - The stone which the builders refused // is become the head stone of the corner

The stone which the builders refused,.... This is not Zerubabel, according to the sense of some Jews, as Theodoret suggests; nor the people of Israel, as Jarchi and Kimchi; nor David, as the Targum, which paraphrases the words,

"the child the builders despised was among the sons of Jesse, and deserved to be appointed a king and a governor.''

He doubtless was a type of Christ, and there was some shadow of what is here said in him: he was refused by all the tribes but Judah; Ishbosheth, the son of Saul, was set upon the throne, though afterwards all Israel and Judah united in making David king, 2Sa 2:8. But the Messiah is intended, as some ancient Jewish writers ^e own, and Jarchi himself elsewhere ^f confesses; and which is certain from the quotation and application of this passage to Christ, in Mat 21:42, Act 4:11; who is compared to a stone for his strength and duration; and because of his usefulness in the spiritual building of the church, as a foundation and corner stone; See Gill on Mat 21:42. Him the Jewish builders refused; their political ones, their rulers, that believed not on him; the princes of this world, that rose up against him and crucified him; even those who were the support of their civil state, and the maintainers of it: but more especially their ecclesiastical builders, the chief priests, Scribes, and Pharisees, who built the people, or directed them to build on their carnal privileges, the traditions of the elders, and their own legal righteousness. These refused to receive Jesus as the Messiah, and to believe in him; they refused to own and honour him as King of Zion; they refused his doctrines and ordinances; they refused to hear him preach, or suffer others to hear him; they refused to make use of him in the spiritual building, either to preach him themselves, or allow others to do it; they rejected him with contempt; they set him at nought, and preferred a thief and a robber to him;

is become the head stone of the corner; Christ is the corner stone, that unites elect angels and elect men together, Jews and Gentiles, Old and New Testament saints, saints above and below, saints in all ages and places; and he is the head stone, or chief corner stone, for strength and beauty, and the head of the corner; or of persons most eminent, who are sometimes called the corner, Jdg 20:2. Christ is exalted above all; he is the head of principalities and powers, the angels; he is made higher than the kings of the earth; and is the head of the body, the church, an head both of eminence and influence.