Teks -- Zechariah 14:16 (NET)

14:16 Then all who survive from all the nations that came to attack Jerusalem will go up annually to worship the King, the Lord who rules over all, and to observe the Feast of Tabernacles.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Wesley: Zec 14:16 - That is left

That escapes the stroke.

Wesley: Zec 14:16 - To worship

By a ceremonial usage which shadowed out a better worship, the prophet foretells the constant zeal of the converted Gentiles to worship the Lord.

Wesley: Zec 14:16 - The feast of tabernacles

One solemn festival is by a figure, put for all the days consecrated to God for holy worship.

JFB: Zec 14:16 - every one . . . left

(Isa 66:19, Isa 66:23). God will conquer all the foes of the Church, Some He will destroy; others He will bring into willing subjection.

JFB: Zec 14:16 - from year to year

Literally, "from the sufficiency of a year in a year."

JFB: Zec 14:16 - feast of tabernacles

The other two great yearly feasts, passover and pentecost, are not specified, because, their antitypes having come, the types are done away with. But the feast of tabernacles will be commemorative of the Jews' sojourn, not merely forty years in the wilderness, but for almost two thousand years of their dispersion. So it was kept on their return from the Babylonian dispersion (Neh 8:14-17). It was the feast on which Jesus made His triumphal entry into Jerusalem (Mat 21:8); a pledge of His return to His capital to reign (compare Lev 23:34, Lev 23:39-40, Lev 23:42; Rev 7:9; Rev 21:3). A feast of peculiar joy (Psa 118:15; Hos 12:9). The feast on which Jesus gave the invitation to the living waters of salvation ("Hosanna," save us now, was the cry, Mat 21:9; compare Psa 118:25-26) (Joh 7:2, Joh 7:37). To the Gentiles, too, it will be significant of perfected salvation after past wanderings in a moral wilderness, as it originally commemorated the ingathering of the harvest. The seedtime of tears shall then have issued in the harvest of joy [MOORE]. "All the nations" could not possibly in person go up to the feast, but they may do so by representatives.

Clarke: Zec 14:16 - Shall even go up from year to year

Shall even go up from year to year - The Jews had three grand original festivals, which characterized different epochs in their history, viz.: -

1.    The feast of the passover, in commemoration of their departure from Egypt

2.    The feast of pentecost, in commemoration of the giving of the law upon Mount Sinai

3.    The feast of tabernacles, in commemoration of their wandering forty years in the wilderness

This last feast is very properly brought in here to point out the final restoration of the Jews, and their establishment in the light and liberty of the Gospel of Christ, after their long wandering in vice and error.

Calvin: Zec 14:16 - Ascend

Zechariah here advances farther, — that those who shall have escaped the ruin of which he had spoken shall be so humbled that they would of their own accord submit to God. He said before, that God would take vengeance and destroy all the enemies of his Church; but the promise here is still more valuable, — that he would turn the hearts of those who escaped punishment, so that without any constraint they would become obedient; for come, he says, shall they every year to worship God in his temple. Then the sum of what is said is this, that God would subdue all the enemies of his Church, and in two ways, for some he would destroy, and he would humble others, so as to make them willing servants and ready of themselves to obey his authority. It shall be then that every one who shall remain of all the nations which came against Jerusalem, shall ascend to supplicate God, or humbly to worship God.

If the time be inquired, I answer, that whenever the Prophets speak of the conversion of the nations, they are wont to speak always in general terms; but that this is an hyperbolical language, and that still there is nothing unreasonable in this excess, for surely it was a wonderful work of God when a great number from the nations became subject to him. We indeed know, that the name of the people of Israel was universally hated, so that their religion was disliked by almost the whole world. It was then a thing incredible when Zechariah said, that men from all countries would be so changed as to worship the true God of Israel. But many Churches we know were everywhere formed in the world, and men without number professed God’s name, and undertook his yoke, and embraced that religion which before had been despised by them, and which indeed they had persecuted with the greatest hatred. It is therefore no wonder that the Prophet should say, that the remnant who escaped the sword of vengeance would at length become the willing servants of God. But we ought to notice, as I have said, the mode of speaking commonly adopted by the Prophets, for, in order to amplify the grace of God, they speak in general terms, though what they say ought to be confined to the elect alone.

Ascend, he says, shall every one from year to year. Zechariah speaks here also according to the apprehensions of the people. Festivals, we know, were appointed by God; the Israelites ascended at least three times a year unto the temple, but as this was too hard and difficult for the miserable exiles to do, who had been scattered through all countries, those influenced by zeal for religion were wont to descend unto Jerusalem once a year. To this custom of the law the Prophet now alludes, as though he had said, “God indeed spares some, yet they will at length come to his service without any constraint, and submit to the God of Israel.” But he speaks, as I have said, according to the rites of the law; and of this mode of speaking we have often reminded you: I shall therefore pass by the subject, but some additional remarks shall be made at the end of this chapter. Ascend then shall every one to supplicate the king, Jehovah of hosts; that is, that they might confess the only true God to be king: for he has regard to the Prophecy which we considered yesterday, when he said that the only true God would be king. So also in this place, confirming the former truth he says, that they who had before furiously assailed the Church would become the worshipers of God, for they would understand him to be the king of the whole world. But the remainder shall be deferred to another time.

TSK: Zec 14:16 - that every // the King // and to

that every : Zec 8:20-23, Zec 9:7; Isa 60:6-9, Isa 66:18-21, Isa 66:23; Joe 2:32; Act 15:17; Rom 9:23, Rom 9:24, Rom 11:5, Rom 11:16, Rom 11:26; Rev 11:13, Rev 11:15-17

the King : Zec 14:17; Psa 24:7-10; Isa 6:5; Jer 46:18, Jer 48:15, Jer 51:57; Mal 1:14; Luk 19:38; Joh 1:49; Phi 2:9-11; Rev 19:16

and to : Zec 14:18, Zec 14:19; Lev 23:33-36, Lev 23:43; Num. 29:12-38; Deu 16:13-16, Deu 31:10-13; 2Ch 7:8-10, 2Ch 8:13; Ezr 3:4; Neh 8:14-18; Hos 12:9; Joh 7:2, Joh 7:37-39

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Zec 14:16 - Every one that is left // Shall even go up from year to year to worship // To keep the feast of tabernacles

Every one that is left such as escape the stroke, and are by mercy reserved, very many of them, among all the nations, shall consider God’ s hand, repent, and submit themselves to his law; they shall, (as many did,) on sight of God’ s hand for the church, and against the church’ s enemies, convert, become proselytes and Christians.

Shall even go up from year to year to worship: by a ceremonial phrase and usage, which shadowed out a better worship, the prophet foretells, the constant zeal and care the converted Gentiles should have to worship the Lord.

To keep the feast of tabernacles one solemn festival, by a figure, put for all the days consecrated to God for holy worship, and this perhaps with an eye to Christ’ s tabernacling with us, and may point to the Christian sabbath.

Every one that is left such as escape the stroke, and are by mercy reserved, very many of them, among all the nations, shall consider God’ s hand, repent, and submit themselves to his law; they shall, (as many did,) on sight of God’ s hand for the church, and against the church’ s enemies, convert, become proselytes and Christians.

Shall even go up from year to year to worship: by a ceremonial phrase and usage, which shadowed out a better worship, the prophet foretells, the constant zeal and care the converted Gentiles should have to worship the Lord.

To keep the feast of tabernacles one solemn festival, by a figure, put for all the days consecrated to God for holy worship, and this perhaps with an eye to Christ’ s tabernacling with us, and may point to the Christian sabbath.

Haydock: Zec 14:16 - Left // Tabernacles

Left. That is, many of them that persecuted the Church shall be converted to its faith and communion, (Challoner) particularly after Constantine. (Calmet) ---

Tabernacles. This feast was kept by the Jews, in memory of their sojourning forty years in the desert, in their way to the land of promise. And in the spiritual sense, is duly kept by all such Christians as in their earthly pilgrimage are continually advancing towards their true home, the heavenly Jerusalem, by the help of the sacraments and sacrifice of the Church. And they that neglect this, must not look for the kind showers of divine grace to give fruitfulness to their souls. (Challoner) ---

Out of the Church there is no salvation. (Calmet) ---

Other things may be obtained. (St. Cyprian) (Haydock) ---

The converts shall celebrate the Christian festivals, and merit great rewards, while infidels shall remain barren and devoid of eternal happiness. (Worthington) ---

We have no solemnity of tabernacles; but Gentiles keep the Epiphany in thanksgiving for their vocation to God's admirable light, 1 Peter ii. 9. (Calmet)

Gill: Zec 14:16 - And it shall come to pass // that everyone that is left of all the nations which come against Jerusalem // shall even go up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of hosts // and to keep the feast of tabernacles

And it shall come to pass,.... After the plague on man and beast is over:

that everyone that is left of all the nations which come against Jerusalem; these are the remnant, according to the election of grace, who will have been among the enemies of Christ and his people, but preserved when others will be destroyed; and they will not only be frightened at the general destruction, but will be truly converted, and give glory to the God of heaven, Rev 11:13, these

shall even go up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of hosts; the King Messiah, as Aben Ezra and Abendana on the place observe; the same with the King overall the earth, Zec 14:9 who is Lord of hosts, of all the armies in heaven, that will have followed him, at this time, and is to be worshipped by angels and men; he is equal with God, the Creator of both, the Redeemer of men, and King of saints; and to worship him shall the above persons preserved and called go up to Jerusalem, the church of God, year by year, that is, constantly:

and to keep the feast of tabernacles; not literally, but spiritually; for, as all the Jewish feasts have been long since abolished, having had their accomplishment in Christ, not one of them will ever be revived in the latter day. This feast was originally kept in commemoration of the Israelites dwelling in tents in the wilderness, and was typical of Christ's incarnation, who was made flesh, and tabernacled among us; so that to keep this feast is no other than to believe in Christ as come in the flesh, and in the faith of this to attend to the Gospel feast of the word and ordinances; and whereas this feast was observed by drawing water with expressions of joy, this may respect the pouring forth of the Spirit in the last day, and that spiritual joy saints will then be filled with; to which may be added, that palm tree branches used to be carried in their hands at the time of that feast; and so the keeping of it now may denote the victory that will be obtained over the beast and his image, which palm tree branches are a token of; and this will issue in the personal reign of Christ, when the tabernacle of God shall be with men.