Kisah Para Rasul 26:22-23

26:22 I have experienced ¹  help from God to this day, and so I stand testifying to both small and great, saying nothing except ²  what the prophets and Moses said ³  was going to happen: 26:23 that ⁴  the Christ ⁵  was to suffer and be the first to rise from the dead, to proclaim light both to our people ⁶  and to the Gentiles.” ⁷ 

Kisah Para Rasul 28:23

28:23 They set ⁸  a day to meet with him, ⁹  and they came to him where he was staying ¹⁰  in even greater numbers. ¹¹  From morning until evening he explained things ¹²  to them, ¹³  testifying ¹⁴  about the kingdom of God ¹⁵  and trying to convince ¹⁶  them about Jesus from both the law of Moses and the prophets.

Kejadian 50:20

50:20 As for you, you meant to harm me, ¹⁷  but God intended it for a good purpose, so he could preserve the lives of many people, as you can see this day. ¹⁸ 

Matius 26:54-56

26:54 How then would the scriptures that say it must happen this way be fulfilled?” 26:55 At that moment Jesus said to the crowd, “Have you come out with swords and clubs to arrest me like you would an outlaw? ¹⁹  Day after day I sat teaching in the temple courts, yet ²⁰  you did not arrest me. 26:56 But this has happened so that ²¹  the scriptures of the prophets would be fulfilled.” Then all the disciples left him and fled.

Lukas 24:20

24:20 and how our chief priests and rulers handed him over ²²  to be condemned to death, and crucified ²³  him.

Lukas 24:24

24:24 Then ²⁴  some of those who were with us went to the tomb, and found it just as the women had said, but they did not see him.” ²⁵ 

Yohanes 19:28-30

Jesus’ Death

19:28 After this Jesus, realizing that by this time ²⁶  everything was completed, ²⁷  said (in order to fulfill the scripture), ²⁸  “I am thirsty!” ²⁹  19:29 A jar full of sour wine ³⁰  was there, so they put a sponge soaked in sour wine on a branch of hyssop ³¹  and lifted it ³²  to his mouth. 19:30 When ³³  he had received the sour wine, Jesus said, “It is completed!” ³⁴  Then he bowed his head and gave up his spirit. ³⁵ 

Yohanes 19:36-37

19:36 For these things happened so that the scripture would be fulfilled, “Not a bone of his will be broken.” ³⁶  19:37 And again another scripture says, “They will look on the one whom they have pierced.” ³⁷ 

[26:22]  ¹ tn Grk “So experiencing…I stand.” The participle τυχών (tucwn) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[26:22]  ² tn BDAG 311 s.v. ἐκτός 3.b, “functions as prep. w. gen. οὐδὲν ἐ. ὧν nothing except what (cf. 1 Ch 29:3; 2 Ch 17:19; TestNapht. 6:2) Ac 26:22.”

[26:22]  ³ sn What the prophets and Moses said. Paul argued that his message reflected the hope of the Jewish scriptures.

[26:23]  ⁴ tn BDAG 277-78 s.v. εἰ 2 has “marker of an indirect question as content, that…Sim. also (Procop. Soph., Ep. 123 χάριν ἔχειν εἰ = that) μαρτυρόμενος…εἰ παθητὸς ὁ Χριστός testifying…that the Christ was to suffer…Ac 26:23.”

[26:23]  ⁵ tn Or “the Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”

[26:23]  sn See the note on Christ in 2:31.

[26:23]  ⁶ tn That is, to the Jewish people. Grk “the people”; the word “our” has been supplied to clarify the meaning.

[26:23]  ⁷ sn Note how the context of Paul’s gospel message about Jesus, resurrection, and light both to Jews and to the Gentiles is rooted in the prophetic message of the OT scriptures. Paul was guilty of following God’s call and preaching the scriptural hope.

[28:23]  ⁸ tn Grk “Having set.” The participle ταξάμενοι (taxamenoi) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[28:23]  ⁹ tn Grk “Having set a day with him”; the words “to meet” are not in the Greek text, but are implied.

[28:23]  ¹⁰ tn Or “came to him in his rented quarters.”

[28:23]  ¹¹ tn BDAG 848 s.v. πολύς 1.b.β.ב states, “(even) more πλείονες in even greater numbers Ac 28:23.”

[28:23]  ¹² tn The word “things” is not in the Greek text, but has been supplied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.

[28:23]  ¹³ tn Grk “to whom he explained.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, the relative pronoun (“whom”) has been replaced by the pronoun (“them”) and a new sentence begun at this point in the translation.

[28:23]  ¹⁴ tn BDAG 233 s.v. διαμαρτύρομαι 1 has “to make a solemn declaration about the truth of someth. testify of, bear witness to (orig. under oath)…God’s kingdom 28:23.”

[28:23]  ¹⁵ sn Testifying about the kingdom of God. The topic is important. Paul’s preaching was about the rule of God and his promise in Jesus. Paul’s text was the Jewish scriptures.

[28:23]  ¹⁶ tn Or “persuade.”

[50:20]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “you devised against me evil.”

[50:20]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “God devised it for good in order to do, like this day, to preserve alive a great nation.”

[26:55]  ¹⁹ tn Or “a revolutionary.” This term can refer to one who stirs up rebellion: BDAG 594 s.v. λῃστής 2 has “revolutionary, insurrectionist, guerrilla” citing evidence from Josephus (J. W. 2.13.2-3 [2.253-254]). However, this usage generally postdates Jesus’ time. It does refer to a figure of violence. Luke uses the same term for the highwaymen who attack the traveler in the parable of the good Samaritan (Luke 10:30).

[26:55]  ²⁰ tn Grk “and” (καί, kai), a conjunction that is elastic enough to be used to indicate a contrast, as here.

[26:56]  ²¹ tn Grk “But so that”; the verb “has happened” is implied.

[24:20]  ²² sn Handed him over is another summary of the passion like Luke 9:22.

[24:20]  ²³ sn See the note on crucify in 23:21.

[24:24]  ²⁴ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[24:24]  ²⁵ tn Here the pronoun αὐτόν (auton), referring to Jesus, is in an emphatic position. The one thing they lacked was solid evidence that he was alive.

[19:28]  ²⁶ tn Or “that already.”

[19:28]  ²⁷ tn Or “finished,” “accomplished”; Grk “fulfilled.”

[19:28]  ²⁸ sn A reference to Ps 69:21 or Ps 22:15.

[19:28]  ²⁹ sn In order to fulfill (τελειωθῇ [teleiwqh], a wordplay on the previous statement that everything was completed [τετέλεσται, tetelestai]) the scripture, he said, “I am thirsty.” The scripture referred to is probably Ps 69:21, “They also gave me gall for my food, and for my thirst they gave me vinegar to drink.” Also suggested, however, is Ps 22:15, “My tongue cleaves to the roof of my mouth, and you [God] lay me in the dust of death.” Ps 22:1 reads “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?,” a statement Jesus makes from the cross in both Matt 27:46 and Mark 15:34. In light of the connection in the Fourth Gospel between thirst and the living water which Jesus offers, it is highly ironic that here Jesus himself, the source of that living water, expresses his thirst. And since 7:39 associates the living water with the Holy Spirit, Jesus’ statement here in 19:28 amounts to an admission that at this point he has been forsaken by God (cf. Ps 22:1, Matt 27:46, and Mark 15:34).

[19:29]  ³⁰ sn The cheap sour wine was called in Latin posca, and referred to a cheap vinegar wine diluted heavily with water. It was the drink of slaves and soldiers, and was probably there for the soldiers who had performed the crucifixion.

[19:29]  ³¹ sn Hyssop was a small aromatic bush; exact identification of the plant is uncertain. The hyssop used to lift the wet sponge may have been a form of reed (κάλαμος, kalamo", “reed,” is used in Matt 27:48 and Mark 15:36); the biblical name can refer to several different species of plant (at least eighteen different plants have been suggested).

[19:29]  ³² tn Or “and brought it.”

[19:30]  ³³ tn Grk “Then when.” Here οὖν (oun) has not been translated for stylistic reasons.

[19:30]  ³⁴ tn Or “It is accomplished,” “It is finished,” or “It is ended.” See tn on John 13:1.

[19:30]  ³⁵ tn Or “he bowed his head and died”; Grk “he bowed his head and gave over the spirit.”

[19:36]  ³⁶ sn A quotation from Exod 12:46, Num 9:12, and Ps 34:20. A number of different OT passages lie behind this quotation: Exod 12:10 LXX, Exod 12:46, Num 9:12, or Ps 34:20. Of these, the first is the closest in form to the quotation here. The first three are all more likely candidates than the last, since the first three all deal with descriptions of the Passover lamb.

[19:37]  ³⁷ sn A quotation from Zech 12:10. Here a single phrase is quoted from Zech 12, but the entire context is associated with the events surrounding the crucifixion. The “Spirit of grace and of supplication” is poured out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem in the first part of v. 10. A few verses later in 13:1 Yahweh (typically rendered as “Lord” in the OT) says “In that day a fountain will be opened for the house of David and for the inhabitants of Jerusalem, for sin and for impurity.” The blood which flowed from Jesus’ pierced side may well be what the author saw as the connection here, since as the shedding of the blood of the sacrificial victim it represents cleansing from sin. Although the Jewish authorities and Roman soldiers certainly “looked on the one whom they have pierced” as he hung on the cross, the author may also have in mind the parousia (second coming) here. The context in Zech 12-14 is certainly the second coming, so that these who crucified Jesus will look upon him in another sense when he returns in judgment.