Teks -- Romans 10:20 (NET)

10:20 And Isaiah is even bold enough to say, “I was found by those who did not seek me; I became well known to those who did not ask for me.”

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: Rom 10:20 - Is very bold

Is very bold ( apotolmāi ).

Present active indicative of apotolmaō , old word, to assume boldness (apo , off) and only here in N.T. Isaiah "breaks out boldly"(Gifford). Paul cites Isa 65:1 in support of his own courage against the prejudice of the Jews. See on Rom 9:30-33 for illustration of this point.

Robertson: Rom 10:20 - I was found

I was found ( heurethēn ).

First aorist passive indicative of heuriskō .

Vincent: Rom 10:20 - Is very bold

Is very bold ( ἀποτολμᾷ )

Only here in the New Testament. Plato, " Laws," 701, uses it of liberty as too presumptuous (ἀποτετολμημένης ). The force of the preposition is intensive, or possibly pointing to him from whom the action proceeds; bold of himself: The simple verb means primarily to dare , and implies the manifestation of that boldness or confidence of character which is expressed by θαῤῥέω . See 2Co 5:6, 2Co 5:8; 2Co 7:16; 2Co 10:2, note.

Vincent: Rom 10:20 - Saith

Saith

Isa 65:1. Following the Septuagint, with the inversion of the first two clauses. Hebrew: " I have offered to give answers to those who asked not. I have put myself in the way of those who sought me not. I have spread out my hand all the day to a refractory people." The idea in the Hebrew is, " I have endeavored to be sought and found." Compare the clause omitted in Paul's quotation: " I have said 'Here am I' to a people who did not call upon my name."

Wesley: Rom 10:20 - But Isaiah is very bold

And speaks plainly what Moses but intimated. Isa 65:1-2.

JFB: Rom 10:20 - But Esaias is very bold, and saith

That is, is still plainer, and goes even the length of saying.

JFB: Rom 10:20 - I was found of them that sought me not

Until I sought them.

JFB: Rom 10:20 - I was made

"became"

JFB: Rom 10:20 - manifest unto them that asked not after me

Until the invitation from Me came to them. That the calling of the Gentiles was meant by these words of the prophet (Isa 65:1) is manifest from what immediately follows, "I said, Behold Me, behold Me, unto a nation that was not called by My name."

Clarke: Rom 10:20 - But Esaias (the Greek orthography for Isaiah) is very bold

But Esaias (the Greek orthography for Isaiah) is very bold - Speaks out in the fullest manner and plainest language, Isa 65:1, notwithstanding the danger to which such a declaration exposed him, among a crooked, perverse, and dangerous people: I was found of them that sought me not; I put my salvation in the way of those (the Gentiles) who were not seeking for it, and knew nothing of it: thus, the Gentiles which followed not after righteousness have attained to the law of righteousness, Rom 9:30, and they have found that redemption which the Jews have rejected.

Calvin: Rom 10:20 - But Isaiah is bold, and says, etc

20.But Isaiah is bold, and says, etc As this prophecy is somewhat clearer, that he might excite greater attention he says that it was expressed with great confidence; as though he had said, — “The Prophet did not speak in a figurative language, or with hesitation, but had in plain and clear words declared the calling of the Gentiles.” But the things which Paul has here separated, by interposing a few words, are found connected together in the prophet Isa 65:1, where the Lord declares, that the time would come when he should turn his favor to the Gentiles; and he immediately subjoins this reason, — that he was wearied with the perverseness of Israel, which, through very long continuance, had become intolerable to him. He then speaks thus, — “They who inquired not of me before, and neglected my name, have now sought me, (the perfect tense for the future to denote the certainty of the prophecy.) ³³⁶

I know that this whole passage is changed by some Rabbins, as though God promised that he would cause that the Jews should repent of their defection: but nothing is more clear than that he speaks of aliens; for it follows in the same context, — “I have said, Behold I come to a people, on whom my name is not called.” Without doubt, then, the Prophet declares it as what would take place, that those who were before aliens would be received by a new adoption unto the family of God. It is then the calling of the Gentiles; and in which appears a general representation of the calling of all the faithful; for there is no one who anticipates the Lord; but we are all, without exception, delivered by his free mercy from the deepest abyss of death, when there is no knowledge of him, no desire of serving him, in a word, no conviction of his truth.

Defender: Rom 10:20 - and saith

Isaiah, like Paul, had to be "bold" in telling the exclusive-minded Jews that the Gentiles would take their place in God's plan (Isa 65:1)."

TSK: Rom 10:20 - very bold // I was found // I was made

very bold : Pro 28:1; Isa 58:1; Eph 6:19, Eph 6:20

I was found : Rom 9:30; Isa 65:1, Isa 65:2

I was made : Isa 49:6, Isa 52:15, Isa 55:4, Isa 55:5; Mat 20:16, Mat 22:9, Mat 22:10; Luk 14:23; 1Jo 4:19

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Rom 10:20 - Esaias is very bold // And saith

Esaias is very bold i.e. he speaks more boldly concerning the calling of the Gentiles, and the casting off the Jews. He used a holy freedom, though it cost him dear; Jerome saith, he was sawn asunder with a wooden saw. This is a commendable property in a preacher: see Act 4:13 28:31 .

And saith: viz. in Isa 65:1 . The apostle in this citation differs in some words, both from the Hebrew text and the Seventy, as may appear to him that will compare them together.

I was found of them that sought me not; compare this with Rom 9:30 , and see the notes there.

I was made manifest unto them that asked not after me; compare this with Eph 2:2 . The advantage and advancement of the Gentiles was altogether of free grace, and an effect of God’ s free election.

PBC: Rom 10:20

Paul throughout these final verses of Ro 10:1-21 makes reference back to the prophecies from the Old Testament that foretold the very things that were then occurring.

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Gill: Rom 10:20 - But Esaias is very bold, and saith // I was found of them that sought me not, I was made manifest unto them that asked not after me

But Esaias is very bold, and saith,.... The apostle here produces another testimony in proof of this, that the Israelites must needs have some knowledge of this truth, the calling of the Gentiles; since a famous prophet of theirs, Isaiah, also spake out with great freedom; he did not mince the matter, or cover it with dark sayings, but with all plainness and perspicuity, and with great courage and intrepidity declared it; though he knew he run the risk, not only of his fame and credit among the Jews, but of his life also, for so doing: the citation is made from Isa 65:1.

I was found of them that sought me not, I was made manifest unto them that asked not after me; here also the Gentiles are meant by "them that sought me not, and asked not after me"; the Messiah; and so R. Moses the priest says ⁿ, that these words are to be understood, על אומות העולם, "concerning the nations of the world". The common people among them sought after the things of the world; their philosophers sought after the wisdom of it; and the more devout and religious among them sought the observance of superstitious rites and ceremonies, and, at best and most, a little morality and external righteousness; but none sought after Christ, for they knew nothing of him, and therefore did not so much as ask after him; they did not ask counsel of him, nor ask concerning him, nor ask for him; not for his coming into the world, as the Jews did, nor for the preaching of the Gospel among them, for it came among them unasked for, unexpected, and undesired, as well as undeserved by them, nor for any blessing of his; and yet such was his grace and goodness, that he was "found" of these persons, in the preaching of the Gospel; which by his kind providence was brought among them, and they were brought under the hearing of it; and by the Spirit of God directed to him in it, in whom they found life, peace, pardon, righteousness, food, and rest, and every valuable blessing; a pearl of great price they found, a finding which can never be lost: he is also said to be "made manifest" unto them, not in the flesh, but in the ministry of the word; in which his person, blood, righteousness, and sacrifice, are evidently set forth, and clearly manifested; and besides the outward manifestation of Christ to them by the Gospel, they had no internal revelation of him in their hearts by his Spirit, setting forth to them his grace and fulness, and showing them their interest therein: from this prophecy, also, the Jews could not but have some knowledge of this mystery of grace.