Teks -- 1 Timothy 4:13 (NET)

4:13 Until I come, give attention to the public reading of scripture, to exhortation, to teaching.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: 1Ti 4:13 - Till I come

Till I come ( heōs erchomai ).

"While I am coming"(present indicative with heōs ), not "till I come"(heōs elthō ).

Robertson: 1Ti 4:13 - Give heed

Give heed ( proseche ).

Present active imperative, supply ton noun , "keep on putting thy mind on."

Robertson: 1Ti 4:13 - The reading

The reading ( tēi anagnōsei ).

Old word from anaginōskō . See 2Co 3:14. Probably in particular the public reading of the Scriptures (Act 13:15), though surely private reading is not to be excluded.

Robertson: 1Ti 4:13 - To exhortation

To exhortation ( tēi paraklēsei )

, to teaching (tēi didaskaliāi ). Two other public functions of the minister. Probably Paul does not mean for the exhortation to precede the instruction, but the reverse in actual public work. Exhortation needs teaching to rest it upon, a hint for preachers today.

Vincent: 1Ti 4:13 - To reading

To reading ( ἀναγνώσει )

Three times in N.T. See Act 13:15; 2Co 3:14. The verb ἀναγινώσκειν usually of public reading. See on Luk 4:16. So in lxx. In post-classical Greek, sometimes of reading aloud with comments. See Epictetus, Diss . 3, 23, 20. Dr. Hatch says: " It is probable that this practice of reading with comments... may account for the coordination of 'reading' with 'exhortation' and 'teaching' in 1Ti 4:13."

Vincent: 1Ti 4:13 - Exhortation

Exhortation ( τῇ παρακλήσει )

Often in Paul. See on consolation , Luk 6:24, see on comfort , Act 9:31, and see on comforter , Joh 14:16.

Wesley: 1Ti 4:13 - Give thyself to reading

Both publicly and privately. Enthusiasts, observe this! Expect no end without the means.

JFB: 1Ti 4:13 - Till I come

When Timothy's commission would be superseded for the time by the presence of the apostle himself (1Ti 1:3; 1Ti 3:14).

JFB: 1Ti 4:13 - reading

Especially in the public congregation. The practice of reading Scripture was transferred from the Jewish synagogue to the Christian Church (Luk 4:16-20; Act 13:15; Act 15:21; 2Co 3:14). The New Testament Gospel and Epistles being recognized as inspired by those who had the gift of discerning spirits, were from the first, according as they were written, read along with the Old Testament in the Church (1Th 5:21, 1Th 5:27; Col 4:16), [JUSTIN MARTYR, Apology, 1.67]. I think that while public reading is the prominent thought, the Spirit intended also to teach that Scripture reading in private should be "the fountain of all wisdom from which pastors ought to draw whatever they bring before their flock" [ALFORD].

JFB: 1Ti 4:13 - exhortation

Addressed to the feelings and will with a view to the regulation of the conduct.

JFB: 1Ti 4:13 - doctrine

Greek (ministerial), "teaching" or instruction. Addressed to the understanding, so as to impart knowledge (1Ti 6:2; Rom 12:7-8). Whether in public or private, exhortation and instruction should be based on Scripture reading.

Clarke: 1Ti 4:13 - Give attendance to reading

Give attendance to reading - Timothy could easily comprehend the apostle’ s meaning; but at present this is not so easy. What books does the apostle mean? The books of the Old Testament were probably what he intended; these testified of Jesus, and by these he could either convince or confound the Jews. But, whether was the reading of these to be public or private? Probably both. It was customary to read the law and the prophets in the synagogue, and doubtless in the assemblies of the Christians; after which there was generally an exhortation founded upon the subject of the prophecy. Hence the apostle says: Give attendance to reading, to Exhortation, to Doctrine. Timothy was therefore to be diligent in reading the sacred writings at home, that he might be the better qualified to read and expound them in the public assemblies to the Christians, and to others who came to these public meetings

As to other books, there were not many at that time that could be of much use to a Christian minister. In those days the great business of the preacher was to bring forward the grand facts of Christianity, to prove these, and to show that all had happened according to the prediction of the prophets; and from these to show the work of God in the heart, and the evidence of that work in a holy life

At present the truth of God is not only to be proclaimed, but defended; and many customs or manners, and forms of speech, which are to us obsolete, must be explained from the writings of the ancients, and particularly from the works of those who lived about the same times, or nearest to them, and in the same or contiguous countries. This will require the knowledge of those languages in which those works have been composed, the chief of which are Hebrew and Greek, the languages in which the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments have been originally written

Latin is certainly of the next consequence; a language in which some of the most early comments have been written; and it is worth the trouble of being learned, were it only for the sake of the works of St. Jerome, who translated and wrote a commentary on the whole of the Scriptures; though in many respects it is both erroneous and superficial

Arabic and Syriac may be added with great advantage: the latter being in effect the language in which Christ and his apostles spoke and preached in Judea; and the former being radically the same with the Hebrew, and preserving many of the roots of that language, the derivatives of which often occur in the Hebrew Bible, but the roots never

The works of various scholars prove of how much consequence even the writings of heathen authors, chiefly those of Greece and Italy, are to the illustration of the sacred writings. And he who is best acquainted with the sacred records will avail himself of such helps, with gratitude both to God and man. Though so many languages and so much reading are not absolutely necessary to form a minister of the Gospel, (for there are many eminent ministers who have not such advantages), yet they are helps of the first magnitude to those who have them and know how to use them.

Calvin: 1Ti 4:13 - Attend to reading // Till I come // To exhortation, to doctrine

13.Attend to reading He knew Timothy’s diligence, and yet he recommends to him diligent reading of the Scriptures. How shall pastors teach others if they be not eager to learn? And if so great a man is advised to study to make progress from day to day, how much more do we need such an advice? Woe then to the slothfulness of those who do not peruse the oracles of the Holy Spirit by day and night, ⁷⁹ in order to learn from them how to discharge their office!

Till I come This reference to the time gives additional weight to the exhortation; for, while Paul hoped that he would come soon, yet he was unwilling, meanwhile, that Timothy should remain unemployed even for a short time; how much more ought we to look forward diligently to our whole life!

To exhortation, to doctrine Lest it should be thought that careless reading was enough, he, at the same time, shews that it must be explained with a view to usefulness when he enjoins him to give earnest attention “to doctrine and exhortation;” as if he enjoined him to learn in order to communicate to others. It is proper, also, to attend to this order, that he places reading before doctrine and exhortation; for, undoubtedly, the Scripture is the fountain of all wisdom, from which pastors must draw all that they place before their flock.

Defender: 1Ti 4:13 - reading

As interim pastor of the church at Ephesus, it was important for Timothy both to do and to encourage much reading of the Scriptures and other worthwhile books to exhort the congregation to stronger Christian living and to teach them sound doctrine. This is good counsel for all Christian leaders today as well. The admonition to "give attendance" is the same in the Greek as "continue stedfastly" (Act 2:42)."

TSK: 1Ti 4:13 - I come // to reading // to exhortation // to doctrine

I come : 1Ti 3:14, 1Ti 3:15

to reading : Deu 17:19; Jos 1:8; Psa 1:2, Psa 1:3, Psa 119:97-104; Pro 2:4, Pro 2:5; Mat 13:51, Mat 13:52; Joh 5:39; Act 6:4, Act 17:11; 2Ti 2:15-17

to exhortation : Rom 12:8; 1Co 14:3; Tit 2:15

to doctrine : 1Ti 4:6, 1Ti 4:16; 1Co 14:6, 1Co 14:26; 2Ti 4:2

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: 1Ti 4:13 - Till I come // Give attendance to reading // To exhortation // To doctrine

Till I come and after that time too, but then I will further instruct thee.

Give attendance to reading be diligent in reading the Holy Scriptures, both for thine own instruction and for the edification of others.

To exhortation to exhort others to their duty there described, or to comfort others from arguments fetched thence.

To doctrine to instruct others in the principles of religion.

Haydock: 1Ti 4:13 - Attend to reading

Attend to reading, &c. He recommends to him the reading of the Holy Scriptures; which says St. Ambrose, (lib. 3. de fid. chap. vii.) is the book of priests. (Witham)

Gill: 1Ti 4:13 - Till I come // Give attendance to reading // to exhortation, to doctrine

Till I come,.... To Ephesus; where the apostle hoped to be shortly, but was prevented; he afterwards came to Miletus, and sent for the elders of Ephesus thither, when he took his final leave of them. He mentions this circumstance, not as if Timothy was to attend to the following things no longer, but to quicken him to an attendance to them from the consideration of his being shortly with him.

Give attendance to reading; that is, of the Scriptures, which the Jews call מקרא, "reading". ^l.

"Says R. Tanchum Bar Chanilai, for ever let a man divide his years or life into three parts; one third (let him spend) in the Mikra, (the Scriptures, and the reading of them,) another third in the Misna, and the other third in the Talmud.''

And this is to be understood, not of the reading of the Scriptures in public, for the advantage of others, a custom which obtained in the Jewish synagogues; see Act 13:15 but in private, for his own use and service, that he might be more perfect, and more thoroughly furnished to the work and office to which he was called; for the Scriptures are the fund of spiritual knowledge, as well as the test and standard of doctrine, out of which all must be fetched, and by which it must be tried; and if Timothy, who had known the Scriptures from a child, had been trained up in them, and was always conversant with them, had need to give diligent attention to the reading of them, then much more others: as also

to exhortation, to doctrine; as he was privately to read the Scriptures, for his own benefit, he was publicly to expound them, or preach from them, to the advantage of others; for these two, exhortation and doctrine, are branches of the ministerial work, which reading furnishes and qualifies for. "Exhortation" intends the stirring up of believers to the exercise of grace, and the discharge of duty; and is a considerable part of the work of the ministry, and on which a minister of Christ should much insist; and it becomes the saints to suffer every word of exhortation from them, and receive it kindly, 2Ti 4:2, Rom 12:8, Heb 13:22. The word signifies also "consolation", and which is another branch of the ministry. Believers are oftentimes disconsolate through the prevalence of corruptions, the power of Satan's temptations, and the hidings of God's face, and need comfort; when the ministers of the Gospel should be Barnabases, sons of consolation, and should speak comfortably to them; for which they are qualified by the God of all comfort, who comforts them in all their tribulations, that they might be capable of speaking good and comfortable words to others. "Doctrine" designs the teaching and instructing of the church in the mysteries of the Gospel; opening and explaining the truths of it; defending them against all opposers, and refuting errors and heresies contrary to them. This is the evangelic Talmud; and these three, "reading", "exhortation", and "doctrine", may answer to the above three things the Jew advises men to divide their time among, the Mikra, Misna, and Talmud: reading answers to the Mikra, and indeed is no other; and exhortation to the Misna, or oral law; and doctrine to the Talmud, and which also that word signifies: but the apostle would have Timothy spend his time in, and give his attention to that which might be truly beneficial to himself, and profitable unto others.