Zakharia 11:6
Konteks11:6 Indeed, I will no longer have compassion on the people of the land,” says the Lord, “but instead I will turn every last person over to his neighbor and his king. They will devastate the land, and I will not deliver it from them.”
Imamat 26:38-46
Konteks26:38 You will perish among the nations; the land of your enemies will consume you.
26:39 “‘As for the ones who remain among you, they will rot away because of 1 their iniquity in the lands of your enemies, and they will also rot away because of their ancestors’ 2 iniquities which are with them. 26:40 However, when 3 they confess their iniquity and their ancestors’ iniquity which they committed by trespassing against me, 4 by which they also walked 5 in hostility against me 6 26:41 (and I myself will walk in hostility against them and bring them into the land of their enemies), and 7 then their uncircumcised hearts become humbled and they make up for 8 their iniquity, 26:42 I will remember my covenant with Jacob and also my covenant with Isaac and also my covenant with Abraham, 9 and I will remember the land. 26:43 The land will be abandoned by them 10 in order that it may make up for 11 its Sabbaths while it is made desolate 12 without them, 13 and they will make up for their iniquity because 14 they have rejected my regulations and have abhorred 15 my statutes. 26:44 In spite of this, however, when they are in the land of their enemies I will not reject them and abhor them to make a complete end of them, to break my covenant with them, for I am the Lord their God. 26:45 I will remember for them the covenant with their ancestors 16 whom I brought out from the land of Egypt in the sight of the nations to be their God. I am the Lord.’”
26:46 These are the statutes, regulations, and instructions which the Lord established 17 between himself and the Israelites at Mount Sinai through 18 Moses.
Ulangan 28:49-68
Konteks28:49 The Lord will raise up a distant nation against you, one from the other side of the earth 19 as the eagle flies, 20 a nation whose language you will not understand, 28:50 a nation of stern appearance that will have no regard for the elderly or pity for the young. 28:51 They 21 will devour the offspring of your livestock and the produce of your soil until you are destroyed. They will not leave you with any grain, new wine, olive oil, calves of your herds, 22 or lambs of your flocks 23 until they have destroyed you. 28:52 They will besiege all of your villages 24 until all of your high and fortified walls collapse – those in which you put your confidence throughout the land. They will besiege all your villages throughout the land the Lord your God has given you. 28:53 You will then eat your own offspring, 25 the flesh of the sons and daughters the Lord your God has given you, because of the severity of the siege 26 by which your enemies will constrict you. 28:54 The man among you who is by nature tender and sensitive will turn against his brother, his beloved wife, and his remaining children. 28:55 He will withhold from all of them his children’s flesh that he is eating (since there is nothing else left), because of the severity of the siege by which your enemy will constrict 27 you in your villages. 28:56 Likewise, the most 28 tender and delicate of your women, who would never think of putting even the sole of her foot on the ground because of her daintiness, 29 will turn against her beloved husband, her sons and daughters, 28:57 and will secretly eat her afterbirth 30 and her newborn children 31 (since she has nothing else), 32 because of the severity of the siege by which your enemy will constrict you in your villages.
28:58 “If you refuse to obey 33 all the words of this law, the things written in this scroll, and refuse to fear this glorious and awesome name, the Lord your God, 28:59 then the Lord will increase your punishments and those of your descendants – great and long-lasting afflictions and severe, enduring illnesses. 28:60 He will infect you with all the diseases of Egypt 34 that you dreaded, and they will persistently afflict you. 35 28:61 Moreover, the Lord will bring upon you every kind of sickness and plague not mentioned in this scroll of commandments, 36 until you have perished. 28:62 There will be very few of you left, though at one time you were as numerous as the stars in the sky, 37 because you will have disobeyed 38 the Lord your God. 28:63 This is what will happen: Just as the Lord delighted to do good for you and make you numerous, he 39 will take delight in destroying and decimating you. You will be uprooted from the land you are about to possess. 28:64 The Lord will scatter you among all nations, from one end of the earth to the other. There you will worship other gods that neither you nor your ancestors have known, gods of wood and stone. 28:65 Among those nations you will have no rest nor will there be a place of peaceful rest for the soles of your feet, for there the Lord will give you an anxious heart, failing eyesight, and a spirit of despair. 28:66 Your life will hang in doubt before you; you will be terrified by night and day and will have no certainty of surviving from one day to the next. 40 28:67 In the morning you will say, ‘If only it were evening!’ And in the evening you will say, ‘I wish it were morning!’ because of the things you will fear and the things you will see. 28:68 Then the Lord will make you return to Egypt by ship, over a route I said to you that you would never see again. There you will sell yourselves to your enemies as male and female slaves, but no one will buy you.”
Ulangan 31:21
Konteks31:21 Then when 41 many disasters and distresses overcome them 42 this song will testify against them, 43 for their 44 descendants will not forget it. 45 I know the 46 intentions they have in mind 47 today, even before I bring them 48 to the land I have promised.”
Ulangan 31:29
Konteks31:29 For I know that after I die you will totally 49 corrupt yourselves and turn away from the path I have commanded you to walk. Disaster will confront you in the days to come because you will act wickedly 50 before the Lord, inciting him to anger because of your actions.” 51
Ulangan 32:21-42
Konteks32:21 They have made me jealous 52 with false gods, 53
enraging me with their worthless gods; 54
so I will make them jealous with a people they do not recognize, 55
with a nation slow to learn 56 I will enrage them.
32:22 For a fire has been kindled by my anger,
and it burns to lowest Sheol; 57
it consumes the earth and its produce,
and ignites the foundations of the mountains.
32:23 I will increase their 58 disasters,
I will use up my arrows on them.
32:24 They will be starved by famine,
eaten by plague, and bitterly stung; 59
I will send the teeth of wild animals against them,
along with the poison of creatures that crawl in the dust.
32:25 The sword will make people childless outside,
and terror will do so inside;
they will destroy 60 both the young man and the virgin,
the infant and the gray-haired man.
32:26 “I said, ‘I want to cut them in pieces. 61
I want to make people forget they ever existed.
32:27 But I fear the reaction 62 of their enemies,
for 63 their adversaries would misunderstand
and say, “Our power is great, 64
and the Lord has not done all this!”’
32:28 They are a nation devoid of wisdom,
and there is no understanding among them.
32:29 I wish that they were wise and could understand this,
and that they could comprehend what will happen to them.”
32:30 How can one man chase a thousand of them, 65
and two pursue ten thousand;
unless their Rock had delivered them up, 66
and the Lord had handed them over?
32:31 For our enemies’ 67 rock is not like our Rock,
as even our enemies concede.
32:32 For their vine is from the stock 68 of Sodom,
and from the fields of Gomorrah. 69
Their grapes contain venom,
their clusters of grapes are bitter.
32:33 Their wine is snakes’ poison,
the deadly venom of cobras.
32:34 “Is this not stored up with me?” says the Lord, 70
“Is it not sealed up in my storehouses?
32:35 I will get revenge and pay them back
at the time their foot slips;
for the day of their disaster is near,
and the impending judgment 71 is rushing upon them!”
32:36 The Lord will judge his people,
and will change his plans concerning 72 his servants;
when he sees that their power has disappeared,
and that no one is left, whether confined or set free.
32:37 He will say, “Where are their gods,
the rock in whom they sought security,
32:38 who ate the best of their sacrifices,
and drank the wine of their drink offerings?
Let them rise and help you;
let them be your refuge!
32:39 “See now that I, indeed I, am he!” says the Lord, 73
“and there is no other god besides me.
I kill and give life,
I smash and I heal,
and none can resist 74 my power.
32:40 For I raise up my hand to heaven,
and say, ‘As surely as I live forever,
32:41 I will sharpen my lightning-like sword,
and my hand will grasp hold of the weapon of judgment; 75
I will execute vengeance on my foes,
and repay those who hate me! 76
32:42 I will make my arrows drunk with blood,
and my sword will devour flesh –
the blood of the slaughtered and captured,
the chief 77 of the enemy’s leaders!’”
Lukas 24:49-53
Konteks24:49 And look, I am sending you 78 what my Father promised. 79 But stay in the city 80 until you have been clothed with power 81 from on high.”
24:50 Then 82 Jesus 83 led them out as far as Bethany, 84 and lifting up his hands, he blessed them. 24:51 Now 85 during the blessing 86 he departed 87 and was taken up into heaven. 88 24:52 So 89 they worshiped 90 him and returned to Jerusalem with great joy, 91 24:53 and were continually in the temple courts 92 blessing 93 God. 94
Roma 11:7-12
Konteks11:7 What then? Israel failed to obtain what it was diligently seeking, but the elect obtained it. The 95 rest were hardened, 11:8 as it is written,
“God gave them a spirit of stupor,
eyes that would not see and ears that would not hear,
to this very day.” 96
11:9 And David says,
“Let their table become a snare and trap,
a stumbling block and a retribution for them;
11:10 let their eyes be darkened so that they may not see,
and make their backs bend continually.” 97
11:11 I ask then, they did not stumble into an irrevocable fall, 98 did they? Absolutely not! But by their transgression salvation has come to the Gentiles, to make Israel 99 jealous. 11:12 Now if their transgression means riches for the world and their defeat means riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their full restoration 100 bring?
Yakobus 5:1-6
Konteks5:1 Come now, you rich! Weep and cry aloud 101 over the miseries that are coming on you. 5:2 Your riches have rotted and your clothing has become moth-eaten. 5:3 Your gold and silver have rusted and their rust will be a witness against you. It will consume your flesh like fire. It is in the last days that you have hoarded treasure! 102 5:4 Look, the pay you have held back from the workers who mowed your fields cries out against you, and the cries of the reapers have reached the ears of the Lord of hosts. 5:5 You have lived indulgently and luxuriously on the earth. You have fattened your hearts in a day of slaughter. 103 5:6 You have condemned and murdered the righteous person, although he does not resist you. 104
[26:39] 1 tn Heb “in” (so KJV, ASV; also later in this verse).
[26:39] 2 tn Heb “fathers’” (also in the following verse).
[26:40] 3 tn Heb “And.” Many English versions take this to be a conditional clause (“if…”) though there is no conditional particle (see, e.g., NASB, NIV, NRSV; but see the very different rendering in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 190). The temporal translation offered here (“when”) takes into account the particle אָז (’az, “then”), which occurs twice in v. 41. The obvious contextual contrast between vv. 39 and 40 is expressed by “however” in the translation.
[26:40] 4 tn Heb “in their trespassing which they trespassed in me.” See the note on Lev 5:15, although the term is used in a more technical sense there in relation to the “guilt offering.”
[26:40] 5 tn Heb “and also which they walked.”
[26:41] 7 tn Heb “or then,” although the LXX has “then” and the Syriac “and then.”
[26:41] 8 tn Heb “and then they make up for.” On the verb “make up for” see the note on v. 34 above.
[26:42] 9 tn Heb “my covenant with Abraham I will remember.” The phrase “I will remember” has not been repeated in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[26:43] 10 tn Heb “from them.” The preposition “from” refers here to the agent of the action (J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 455).
[26:43] 11 tn The jussive form of the verb with the simple vav (ו) here calls for a translation that expresses purpose.
[26:43] 12 tn The verb is the Hophal infinitive construct with the third feminine singular suffix (GKC 182 §67.y; cf. v. 34).
[26:43] 13 tn Heb “from them.”
[26:43] 14 tn Heb “because and in because,” a double expression, which is used only here and in Ezek 13:10 (without the vav) for emphasis (GKC 492 §158.b).
[26:43] 15 tn Heb “and their soul has abhorred.”
[26:45] 16 tn Heb “covenant of former ones.”
[26:45] sn For similar expressions referring back to the ancestors who refused to follow the stipulations of the Mosaic covenant see, for example, Deut 19:14, Jer 11:10, and Ps 79:8 (see B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 192, and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 471).
[26:46] 17 tn Heb “gave” (so NLT); KJV, ASV, NCV “made.”
[26:46] 18 tn Heb “by the hand of” (so KJV).
[28:49] 19 tn Heb “from the end of the earth.”
[28:49] 20 tn Some translations understand this to mean “like an eagle swoops down” (e.g., NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT), comparing the swift attack of an eagle to the attack of the Israelites’ enemies.
[28:51] 21 tn Heb “it” (so NRSV), a collective singular referring to the invading nation (several times in this verse and v. 52).
[28:51] 22 tn Heb “increase of herds.”
[28:51] 23 tn Heb “growth of flocks.”
[28:52] 24 tn Heb “gates,” also in vv. 55, 57.
[28:53] 25 tn Heb “the fruit of your womb” (so NAB, NRSV); NASB “the offspring of your own body.”
[28:53] 26 tn Heb “siege and stress.”
[28:55] 27 tn Heb “besiege,” redundant with the noun “siege.”
[28:56] 28 tc The LXX adds σφόδρα (sfodra, “very”) to bring the description into line with v. 54.
[28:56] 29 tn Heb “delicateness and tenderness.”
[28:57] 30 tn Heb includes “that which comes out from between her feet.”
[28:57] 31 tn Heb “her sons that she will bear.”
[28:57] 32 tn Heb includes “in her need for everything.”
[28:58] 33 tn Heb “If you are not careful to do.”
[28:60] 34 sn These are the plagues the
[28:60] 35 tn Heb “will cling to you” (so NIV); NLT “will claim you.”
[28:61] 36 tn The Hebrew term תּוֹרָה (torah) can refer either (1) to the whole Pentateuch or, more likely, (2) to the book of Deuteronomy or even (3) only to this curse section of the covenant text. “Scroll” better reflects the actual document, since “book” conveys the notion of a bound book with pages to the modern English reader. Cf. KJV, NASB, NRSV “the book of this law”; NIV, NLT “this Book of the Law”; TEV “this book of God’s laws and teachings.”
[28:62] 37 tn Or “heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heaven(s)” or “sky” depending on the context.
[28:62] 38 tn Heb “have not listened to the voice of.”
[28:63] 39 tn Heb “the
[28:66] 40 tn Heb “you will not be confident in your life.” The phrase “from one day to the next” is implied by the following verse.
[31:21] 41 tn Heb “Then it will come to pass that.”
[31:21] 42 tn Heb “him.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “them.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.
[31:21] 43 tn Heb “him.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “them.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.
[31:21] 44 tn Heb “his.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “their.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.
[31:21] 45 tn Heb “it will not be forgotten from the mouth of his seed.”
[31:21] 46 tn Heb “his.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “their.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.
[31:21] 47 tn Heb “which he is doing.”
[31:21] 48 tn Heb “him.” Smr, LXX, and the Targums read the plural “them.” See note on the first occurrence of “they” in v. 16.
[31:29] 49 tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, which the translation indicates with “totally.”
[31:29] 50 tn Heb “do the evil.”
[31:29] 51 tn Heb “the work of your hands.”
[32:21] 52 sn They have made me jealous. The “jealousy” of God is not a spirit of pettiness prompted by his insecurity, but righteous indignation caused by the disloyalty of his people to his covenant grace (see note on the word “God” in Deut 4:24). The jealousy of Israel, however (see next line), will be envy because of God’s lavish attention to another nation. This is an ironic wordplay. See H. Peels, NIDOTTE 3:938-39.
[32:21] 53 tn Heb “what is not a god,” or a “nondeity.”
[32:21] 54 tn Heb “their empty (things).” The Hebrew term used here to refer pejoratively to the false gods is הֶבֶל (hevel, “futile” or “futility”), used frequently in Ecclesiastes (e.g., Eccl 1:1, “Futile! Futile!” laments the Teacher, “Absolutely futile! Everything is futile!”).
[32:21] 55 tn Heb “what is not a people,” or a “nonpeople.” The “nonpeople” (לֹא־עָם, lo’-’am) referred to here are Gentiles who someday would become God’s people in the fullest sense (cf. Hos 1:9; 2:23).
[32:21] 56 tn Heb “a foolish nation” (so KJV, NAB, NRSV); NIV “a nation that has no understanding”; NLT “I will provoke their fury by blessing the foolish Gentiles.”
[32:22] 57 tn Or “to the lowest depths of the earth”; cf. NAB “to the depths of the nether world”; NIV “to the realm of death below”; NLT “to the depths of the grave.”
[32:22] sn Sheol refers here not to hell and hell-fire – a much later concept – but to the innermost parts of the earth, as low down as one could get. The parallel with “the foundations of the mountains” makes this clear (cf. Pss 9:17; 16:10; 139:8; Isa 14:9, 15; Amos 9:2).
[32:23] 58 tn Heb “upon them.”
[32:24] 59 tn The Hebrew term קֶטֶב (qetev) is probably metaphorical here for the sting of a disease (HALOT 1091-92 s.v.).
[32:25] 60 tn A verb is omitted here in the Hebrew text; for purposes of English style one suitable to the context is supplied.
[32:26] 61 tc The LXX reads “I said I would scatter them.” This reading is followed by a number of English versions (e.g., KJV, ASV, NIV, NCV, NRSV, NLT, CEV).
[32:27] 64 tn Heb “Our hand is high.” Cf. NAB “Our own hand won the victory.”
[32:30] 65 tn The words “man” and “of them” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for clarity.
[32:30] 66 tn Heb “sold them” (so NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).
[32:31] 67 tn Heb “their,” but the referent (enemies) is specified in the translation for the sake of clarity.
[32:32] 69 sn Sodom…Gomorrah. The term “vine” is a reference to the pagan deities which, the passage says, find their ultimate source in Sodom and Gomorrah, that is, in the soil of perversion exemplified by these places (cf. Gen 18:20; 19:4-28; Isa 1:10; 3:9; Jer 23:14; Lam 4:6; Ezek 16:44-52; Matt 10:15; 11:23-24).
[32:34] 70 tn Verses 34-35 appear to be a quotation of the
[32:35] 71 tn Heb “prepared things,” “impending things.” See BDB 800 s.v. עָתִיד.
[32:36] 72 tn The translation understands the verb in the sense of “be grieved, relent” (cf. HALOT 689 s.v. נחם hitp 2); cf. KJV, ASV “repent himself”; NLT “will change his mind.” Another option is to translate “will show compassion to” (see BDB 637 s.v. נחם); cf. NASB, NIV, NRSV.
[32:39] 73 tn Verses 39-42 appear to be a quotation of the
[32:39] 74 tn Heb “deliver from” (so NRSV, NLT).
[32:41] 75 tn Heb “judgment.” This is a metonymy, a figure of speech in which the effect (judgment) is employed as an instrument (sword, spear, or the like), the means, by which it is brought about.
[32:41] 76 tn The Hebrew term שָׂנֵא (sane’, “hate”) in this covenant context speaks of those who reject Yahweh’s covenant overtures, that is, who disobey its stipulations (see note on the word “rejecting” in Deut 5:9; also see Deut 7:10; 2 Chr 19:2; Ps 81:15; 139:20-21).
[32:42] 77 tn Or “head” (the same Hebrew word can mean “head” in the sense of “leader, chieftain” or “head” in the sense of body part).
[24:49] 78 tn Grk “sending on you.”
[24:49] 79 tn Grk “the promise of my Father,” with τοῦ πατρός (tou patros) translated as a subjective genitive. This is a reference to the Holy Spirit and looks back to how one could see Messiah had come with the promise of old (Luke 3:15-18). The promise is rooted in Jer 31:31 and Ezek 36:26.
[24:49] 80 sn The city refers to Jerusalem.
[24:49] 81 sn Until you have been clothed with power refers to the coming of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost. What the Spirit supplies is enablement. See Luke 12:11-12; 21:12-15. The difference the Spirit makes can be seen in Peter (compare Luke 22:54-62 with Acts 2:14-41).
[24:50] 82 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
[24:50] 83 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[24:50] 84 sn Bethany was village on the Mount of Olives about 2 mi (3 km) from Jerusalem; see John 11:1, 18.
[24:51] 85 tn Grk “And it happened that while.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.
[24:51] 86 tn Grk “while he blessed them.”
[24:51] 87 tn Grk “he departed from them.”
[24:51] 88 tc The reference to the ascension (“and was taken up into heaven”) is lacking in א* D it sys, but it is found in Ì75 and the rest of the ms tradition. The authenticity of the statement here seems to be presupposed in Acts 1:2, for otherwise it is difficult to account for Luke’s reference to the ascension there. For a helpful discussion, see TCGNT 162-63.
[24:51] tn For the translation of ἀνεφέρετο (anefereto) as “was taken up” see BDAG 75 s.v. ἀναφέρω 1.
[24:51] sn There is great debate whether this event equals Acts 1:9-11 so that Luke has telescoped something here that he describes in more detail later. The text can be read in this way because the temporal marker in v. 50 is vague.
[24:52] 89 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the result of Jesus’ ascension and the concluding summary of Luke’s Gospel.
[24:52] 90 tc The reference to worship is lacking in the Western ms D, its last major omission in this Gospel.
[24:52] 91 sn Joy is another key theme for Luke: 1:14; 2:10; 8:13; 10:17; 15:7, 10; 24:41.
[24:53] 92 tn Grk “in the temple.”
[24:53] sn Luke’s gospel story proper ends where it began, in the temple courts (Luke 1:4-22). The conclusion is open-ended, because the story continues in Acts with what happened from Jerusalem onwards, once the promise of the Father (v. 49) came.
[24:53] 93 tc The Western text (D it) has αἰνοῦντες (ainounte", “praising”) here, while the Alexandrian
[24:53] 94 tc The majority of Greek
[11:7] 95 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
[11:8] 96 sn A quotation from Deut 29:4; Isa 29:10.
[11:10] 97 sn A quotation from Ps 69:22-23.
[11:11] 98 tn Grk “that they might fall.”
[11:11] 99 tn Grk “them”; the referent (Israel, cf. 11:7) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[11:12] 100 tn Or “full inclusion”; Grk “their fullness.”
[5:1] 101 tn Or “wail”; Grk “crying aloud.”
[5:3] 102 tn Or “hoarded up treasure for the last days”; Grk “in the last days.”
[5:5] 103 sn James’ point seems to be that instead of seeking deliverance from condemnation, they have defied God’s law (fattened your hearts) and made themselves more likely objects of his judgment (in a day of slaughter).
[5:6] 104 tn Literally a series of verbs without connectives, “you have condemned, you have murdered…he does not resist.”
