Kisah Para Rasul 14:5

14:5 When both the Gentiles and the Jews (together with their rulers) made ¹  an attempt to mistreat ²  them and stone them, ³ 

Kisah Para Rasul 14:22

14:22 They strengthened ⁴  the souls of the disciples and encouraged them to continue ⁵  in the faith, saying, “We must enter the kingdom ⁶  of God through many persecutions.” ⁷ 

Kisah Para Rasul 20:16

20:16 For Paul had decided to sail past Ephesus ⁸  so as not to spend time ⁹  in the province of Asia, ¹⁰  for he was hurrying ¹¹  to arrive in Jerusalem, ¹²  if possible, ¹³  by the day of Pentecost.

Kisah Para Rasul 22:24

22:24 the commanding officer ¹⁴  ordered Paul ¹⁵  to be brought back into the barracks. ¹⁶  He told them ¹⁷  to interrogate Paul ¹⁸  by beating him with a lash ¹⁹  so that he could find out the reason the crowd ²⁰  was shouting at Paul ²¹  in this way.

Kisah Para Rasul 26:11

26:11 I punished ²²  them often in all the synagogues ²³  and tried to force ²⁴  them to blaspheme. Because I was so furiously enraged ²⁵  at them, I went to persecute ²⁶  them even in foreign cities.

Kisah Para Rasul 27:20

27:20 When neither sun nor stars appeared for many days and a violent ²⁷  storm continued to batter us, ²⁸  we finally abandoned all hope of being saved. ²⁹ 

Kisah Para Rasul 27:34

27:34 Therefore I urge you to take some food, for this is important ³⁰  for your survival. ³¹  For not one of you will lose a hair from his head.”

[14:5]  ¹ tn Grk “So there came about an attempt” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.

[14:5]  ² tn On this verb see BDAG 1022 s.v. ὑβρίζω.

[14:5]  ³ tn The direct object “them” is repeated after both verbs in the translation for stylistic reasons, although it occurs only after λιθοβολῆσαι (liqobolhsai) in the Greek text.

[14:22]  ⁴ tn Grk “to Antioch, strengthening.” Due to the length of the Greek sentence and the tendency of contemporary English to use shorter sentences, a new sentence was started here. This participle (ἐπιστηρίζοντες, episthrizonte") and the following one (παρακαλοῦντες, parakalounte") have been translated as finite verbs connected by the coordinating conjunction “and.”

[14:22]  ⁵ sn And encouraged them to continue. The exhortations are like those noted in Acts 11:23; 13:43. An example of such a speech is found in Acts 20:18-35. Christianity is now characterized as “the faith.”

[14:22]  ⁶ sn This reference to the kingdom of God clearly refers to its future arrival.

[14:22]  ⁷ tn Or “sufferings.”

[20:16]  ⁸ map For location see JP1 D2; JP2 D2; JP3 D2; JP4 D2.

[20:16]  ⁹ tn Grk “so that he might not have to spend time.” L&N 67.79 has “ὅπως μὴ γένηται αὐτῷ χρονοτριβῆσαι ἐν τῇ ᾿Ασίᾳ ‘so as not to spend any time in the province of Asia’ Ac 20:16.”

[20:16]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “Asia”; in the NT this always refers to the Roman province of Asia, made up of about one-third of the west and southwest end of modern Asia Minor. Asia lay to the west of the region of Phrygia and Galatia. The words “the province of” are supplied to indicate to the modern reader that this does not refer to the continent of Asia.

[20:16]  ¹¹ tn Or “was eager.”

[20:16]  ¹² map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[20:16]  ¹³ tn Grk “if it could be to him” (an idiom).

[22:24]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “the chiliarch” (an officer in command of a thousand soldiers). In Greek the term χιλίαρχος (ciliarco") literally described the “commander of a thousand,” but it was used as the standard translation for the Latin tribunus militum or tribunus militare, the military tribune who commanded a cohort of 600 men.

[22:24]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “him”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:24]  ¹⁶ tn Or “the headquarters.” BDAG 775 s.v. παρεμβολή 2 has “barracks/headquarters of the Roman troops in Jerusalem Ac 21:34, 37; 22:24; 23:10, 16, 32.”

[22:24]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “into the barracks, saying.” This is a continuation of the same sentence in Greek using the participle εἴπας (eipas), but due to the length and complexity of the Greek sentence a new sentence was begun in the translation here. The direct object “them” has been supplied; it is understood in Greek.

[22:24]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “him”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:24]  ¹⁹ sn To interrogate Paul by beating him with a lash. Under the Roman legal system it was customary to use physical torture to extract confessions or other information from prisoners who were not Roman citizens and who were charged with various crimes, especially treason or sedition. The lashing would be done with a whip of leather thongs with pieces of metal or bone attached to the ends.

[22:24]  ²⁰ tn Grk “they”; the referent (the crowd) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:24]  ²¹ tn Grk “him”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[26:11]  ²² tn Grk “and punishing…I tried.” The participle τιμωρῶν (timwrwn) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style. Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[26:11]  ²³ sn See the note on synagogue in 6:9.

[26:11]  ²⁴ tn The imperfect verb ἠνάγκαζον (hnankazon) has been translated as a conative imperfect (so BDAG 60 s.v. ἀναγκάζω 1, which has “ἠνάγκαζον βλασφημεῖν I tried to force them to blaspheme Ac 26:11”).

[26:11]  ²⁵ tn Or “was so insanely angry with them.” BDAG 322 s.v. ἐμμαίνομαι states, “to be filled with such anger that one appears to be mad, be enraged…περισσῶς ἐμμαινόμενος αὐτοῖς being furiously enraged at them Ac 26:11”; L&N 88.182 s.v. ἐμμαίνομαι, “to be so furiously angry with someone as to be almost out of one’s mind – ‘to be enraged, to be infuriated, to be insanely angry’ …‘I was so infuriated with them that I even went to foreign cities to persecute them’ Ac 26:11.”

[26:11]  ²⁶ tn Or “I pursued them even as far as foreign cities.”

[27:20]  ²⁷ tn Grk “no small storm” = a very great storm.

[27:20]  ²⁸ tn Grk “no small storm pressing on us.” The genitive absolute construction with the participle ἐπικειμένου (epikeimenou) has been translated as parallel to the previous genitive absolute construction (which was translated as temporal). BDAG 373 s.v. ἐπίκειμαι 2.b states, “of impersonal force confront χειμῶνος ἐπικειμένου since a storm lay upon us Ac 27:20.” L&N 14.2, “‘the stormy weather did not abate in the least’ or ‘the violent storm continued’ Ac 27:20.” To this last was added the idea of “battering” from the notion of “pressing upon” inherent in ἐπίκειμαι (epikeimai).

[27:20]  ²⁹ tn Grk “finally all hope that we would be saved was abandoned.” The passive construction has been converted to an active one to simplify the translation. This represents a clearly secular use of the term σῴζω (swzw) in that it refers to deliverance from the storm. At this point those on board the ship gave up hope of survival.

[27:34]  ³⁰ tn Or “necessary.” BDAG 873-74 s.v. πρός 1 has “πρ. τῆς σωτηρίας in the interest of safety Ac 27:34”; L&N 27.18 has “‘therefore, I urge you to take some food, for this is important for your deliverance’ or ‘…for your survival’ Ac 27:34.”

[27:34]  ³¹ tn Or “deliverance” (‘salvation’ in a nontheological sense).