2 Korintus 5:1--8:24
Konteks5:1 For we know that if our earthly house, the tent we live in, 1 is dismantled, 2 we have a building from God, a house not built by human hands, that is eternal in the heavens. 5:2 For in this earthly house 3 we groan, because we desire to put on 4 our heavenly dwelling, 5:3 if indeed, after we have put on 5 our heavenly house, 6 we will not be found naked. 5:4 For we groan while we are in this tent, 7 since we are weighed down, 8 because we do not want to be unclothed, but clothed, so that what is mortal may be swallowed up by life. 5:5 Now the one who prepared us for this very purpose 9 is God, who gave us the Spirit as a down payment. 10 5:6 Therefore we are always full of courage, and we know that as long as we are alive here on earth 11 we are absent from the Lord – 5:7 for we live 12 by faith, not by sight. 5:8 Thus we are full of courage and would prefer to be away 13 from the body and at home with the Lord. 5:9 So then whether we are alive 14 or away, we make it our ambition to please him. 15 5:10 For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, 16 so that each one may be paid back according to what he has done while in the body, whether good or evil. 17
5:11 Therefore, because we know the fear of the Lord, 18 we try to persuade 19 people, 20 but we are well known 21 to God, and I hope we are well known to your consciences too. 5:12 We are not trying to commend 22 ourselves to you again, but are giving you an opportunity to be proud of us, 23 so that you may be able to answer those who take pride 24 in outward appearance 25 and not in what is in the heart. 5:13 For if we are out of our minds, it is for God; if we are of sound mind, it is for you. 5:14 For the love of Christ 26 controls us, since we have concluded this, that Christ 27 died for all; therefore all have died. 5:15 And he died for all so that those who live should no longer live for themselves but for him who died for them and was raised. 28 5:16 So then from now on we acknowledge 29 no one from an outward human point of view. 30 Even though we have known Christ from such a human point of view, 31 now we do not know him in that way any longer. 5:17 So then, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; what is old has passed away 32 – look, what is new 33 has come! 34 5:18 And all these things are from God who reconciled us to himself through Christ, and who has given us the ministry of reconciliation. 5:19 In other words, in Christ God was reconciling the world to himself, not counting people’s trespasses against them, and he has given us 35 the message of reconciliation. 5:20 Therefore we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were making His plea 36 through us. We plead with you 37 on Christ’s behalf, “Be reconciled to God!” 5:21 God 38 made the one who did not know sin 39 to be sin for us, so that in him 40 we would become the righteousness of God.
6:1 Now because we are fellow workers, we also urge you not to receive the grace of God in vain. 41 6:2 For he says, “I heard you at the acceptable time, and in the day of salvation I helped you.” 42 Look, now is the acceptable time; look, now is the day of salvation! 6:3 We do not give anyone 43 an occasion for taking an offense in anything, 44 so that no fault may be found with our ministry. 6:4 But as God’s servants, 45 we have commended ourselves in every way, 46 with great endurance, in persecutions, 47 in difficulties, in distresses, 6:5 in beatings, in imprisonments, in riots, 48 in troubles, 49 in sleepless nights, in hunger, 6:6 by purity, by knowledge, by patience, by benevolence, by the Holy Spirit, 50 by genuine 51 love, 6:7 by truthful 52 teaching, 53 by the power of God, with weapons of righteousness both for the right hand and for the left, 54 6:8 through glory and dishonor, through slander and praise; regarded as impostors, 55 and yet true; 6:9 as unknown, and yet well-known; as dying and yet – see! – we continue to live; as those who are scourged 56 and yet not executed; 6:10 as sorrowful, but always rejoicing, as poor, but making many rich, as having nothing, and yet possessing everything.
6:11 We have spoken freely to you, 57 Corinthians; our heart has been opened wide to you. 6:12 Our affection for you is not restricted, 58 but you are restricted in your affections for us. 6:13 Now as a fair exchange – I speak as to my 59 children – open wide your hearts to us 60 also.
6:14 Do not become partners 61 with those who do not believe, for what partnership is there between righteousness and lawlessness, or what fellowship does light have with darkness? 6:15 And what agreement does Christ have with Beliar? 62 Or what does a believer share in common with an unbeliever? 6:16 And what mutual agreement does the temple of God have with idols? For we are 63 the temple of the living God, just as God said, “I will live in them 64 and will walk among them, and I will be their God, and they will be my people.” 65 6:17 Therefore “come out from their midst, and be separate,” says the Lord, “and touch no unclean thing, 66 and I will welcome 67 you, 68 6:18 and I will be a father to you, and you will be my sons and daughters,” 69 says the All-Powerful Lord. 70
7:1 Therefore, since we have these promises, dear friends, let us cleanse ourselves 71 from everything that could defile the body 72 and the spirit, and thus accomplish 73 holiness out of reverence for God. 74 7:2 Make room for us in your hearts; 75 we have wronged no one, we have ruined no one, 76 we have exploited no one. 77 7:3 I do not say this to condemn you, for I told you before 78 that you are in our hearts so that we die together and live together with you. 79
7:4 I have great confidence in you; I take great pride 80 on your behalf. I am filled with encouragement; 81 I am overflowing with joy in the midst of 82 all our suffering. 7:5 For even when we came into Macedonia, our body 83 had no rest at all, but we were troubled in every way – struggles from the outside, fears from within. 7:6 But God, who encourages 84 the downhearted, encouraged 85 us by the arrival of Titus. 7:7 We were encouraged 86 not only by his arrival, but also by the encouragement 87 you gave 88 him, as he reported to us your longing, your mourning, 89 your deep concern 90 for me, so that I rejoiced more than ever. 7:8 For even if I made you sad 91 by my letter, 92 I do not regret having written it 93 (even though I did regret it, 94 for 95 I see that my letter made you sad, 96 though only for a short time). 7:9 Now I rejoice, not because you were made sad, 97 but because you were made sad to the point of repentance. For you were made sad as God intended, 98 so that you were not harmed 99 in any way by us. 7:10 For sadness as intended by God produces a repentance that leads to salvation, leaving no regret, but worldly sadness brings about death. 7:11 For see what this very thing, this sadness 100 as God intended, has produced in you: what eagerness, what defense of yourselves, 101 what indignation, 102 what alarm, what longing, what deep concern, 103 what punishment! 104 In everything you have proved yourselves to be innocent in this matter. 7:12 So then, even though I wrote to you, it was not on account of the one who did wrong, or on account of the one who was wronged, but to reveal to you your eagerness on our behalf 105 before God. 7:13 Therefore we have been encouraged. And in addition to our own encouragement, we rejoiced even more at the joy of Titus, because all of you have refreshed his spirit. 106 7:14 For if I have boasted to him about anything concerning you, I have not been embarrassed by you, 107 but just as everything we said to you was true, 108 so our boasting to Titus about you 109 has proved true as well. 7:15 And his affection for you is much greater 110 when he remembers the obedience of you all, how you welcomed him with fear and trembling. 7:16 I rejoice because in everything I am fully confident in you.
8:1 Now we make known to you, brothers and sisters, 111 the grace of God given to the churches of Macedonia, 8:2 that during a severe ordeal of suffering, their abundant joy and their extreme poverty have overflowed in the wealth 112 of their generosity. 8:3 For I testify, they gave according to their means and beyond their means. They did so voluntarily, 113 8:4 begging us with great earnestness for the blessing and fellowship of helping 114 the saints. 8:5 And they did this not just as we had hoped, but they gave themselves first to the Lord and to us by the will of God. 8:6 Thus 115 we urged 116 Titus that, just as he had previously begun this work, 117 so also he should complete this act of kindness 118 for you. 8:7 But as you excel 119 in everything – in faith, in speech, in knowledge, and in all eagerness and in the love from us that is in you 120 – make sure that you excel 121 in this act of kindness 122 too. 8:8 I am not saying this as a command, but I am testing the genuineness of your love by comparison with the eagerness of others. 123 8:9 For you know the grace 124 of our Lord Jesus Christ, that although he was rich, he became poor for your sakes, so that you by his poverty could become rich. 8:10 So here is my opinion on this matter: It is to your advantage, since you 125 made a good start last year both in your giving and your desire to give, 8:11 to finish what you started, 126 so that just as you wanted to do it eagerly, 127 you can also complete it 128 according to your means. 129 8:12 For if the eagerness is present, the gift itself 130 is acceptable according to whatever one has, not according to what he does not have. 8:13 For I do not say this so there would be relief for others and suffering for you, but as a matter of equality. 8:14 At the present time, your abundance will meet their need, 131 so that one day their abundance may also meet your need, and thus there may be equality, 8:15 as it is written: “The one who gathered 132 much did not have too much, and the one who gathered little did not have too little.” 133
8:16 But thanks be to God who put in the heart of Titus the same devotion 134 I have for you, 8:17 because he not only accepted our request, but since he was very eager, 135 he is coming 136 to you of his own accord. 137 8:18 And we are sending 138 along with him the brother who is praised by all the churches for his work in spreading the gospel. 139 8:19 In addition, 140 this brother 141 has also been chosen by the churches as our traveling companion as we administer this generous gift 142 to the glory of the Lord himself and to show our readiness to help. 143 8:20 We did this 144 as a precaution so that no one should blame us in regard to this generous gift we are administering. 8:21 For we are concerned about what is right not only before the Lord but also before men. 145 8:22 And we are sending 146 with them our brother whom we have tested many times and found eager in many matters, but who now is much more eager than ever because of the great confidence he has in you. 8:23 If there is any question 147 about Titus, he is my partner and fellow worker among you; if there is any question about our brothers, they are messengers 148 of the churches, a glory to Christ. 8:24 Therefore show 149 them openly before the churches the proof of your love and of our pride in you. 150
[5:1] 1 sn The expression the tent we live in refers to “our earthly house, our body.” Paul uses the metaphor of the physical body as a house or tent, the residence of the immaterial part of a person.
[5:2] 3 tn Or “dwelling place.”
[5:2] 4 tn Or “to be clothed with.”
[5:3] 5 tc ‡ Some
[5:3] 6 tn Grk “it”; the referent (the “heavenly dwelling” of the previous verse) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[5:4] 7 sn See the note in 5:1 on the phrase the tent we live in.
[5:4] 8 tn Or “we are burdened.”
[5:5] 9 tn Grk “for this very thing.”
[5:5] 10 tn Or “first installment,” “pledge,” “deposit” (see the note on the phrase “down payment” in 1:22).
[5:6] 11 tn Grk “we know that being at home in the body”; an idiom for being alive (L&N 23.91).
[5:9] 14 tn Grk “whether we are at home” [in the body]; an idiom for being alive (L&N 23.91).
[5:9] 15 tn Grk “to be pleasing to him.”
[5:10] 16 sn The judgment seat (βῆμα, bhma) was a raised platform mounted by steps and sometimes furnished with a seat, used by officials in addressing an assembly or making pronouncements, often on judicial matters. The judgment seat was a common item in Greco-Roman culture, often located in the agora, the public square or marketplace in the center of a city. Use of the term in reference to Christ’s judgment would be familiar to Paul’s 1st century readers.
[5:10] 17 tn Or “whether good or bad.”
[5:11] 18 tn Or “because we know what it means to fear the Lord.”
[5:11] 19 tn The present tense of πείθομεν (peiqomen) has been translated as a conative present.
[5:11] 20 tn Grk “men”; but ἄνθρωπος (anqrwpo") is generic here since clearly both men and women are in view (Paul did not attempt to win only men to the gospel he preached).
[5:11] 21 tn Or “clearly evident.” BDAG 1048 s.v. φανερόω 2.b.β has “θεῷ πεφανερώμεθα we are well known to God 2 Cor 5:11a, cp. 11b; 11:6 v.l.”
[5:12] 22 tn The present tense of συνιστάνομεν (sunistanomen) has been translated as a conative present.
[5:12] 23 tn Or “to boast about us.”
[5:12] 25 tn Or “in what is seen.”
[5:14] 26 tn The phrase ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ Χριστοῦ (Jh agaph tou Cristou, “the love of Christ”) could be translated as either objective genitive (“our love for Christ”) or subjective genitive (“Christ’s love for us”). Either is grammatically possible, but with the reference to Christ’s death for all in the following clauses, a subjective genitive (“Christ’s love for us”) is more likely.
[5:14] 27 tn Grk “one”; the referent (Christ) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[5:15] 28 tn Or “but for him who died and was raised for them.”
[5:16] 30 tn Grk “no one according to the flesh.”
[5:16] 31 tn Grk “we have known Christ according to the flesh.”
[5:17] 32 tn Grk “old things have passed away.”
[5:17] 33 tc Most
[5:17] 34 tn Grk “new things have come [about].”
[5:19] 35 tn Or “he has entrusted to us.”
[5:20] 36 tn Or “as though God were begging.”
[5:21] 38 tn Grk “He”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[5:21] 39 sn The one who did not know sin is a reference to Jesus Christ.
[5:21] 40 sn That is, “in Christ.”
[6:1] 41 tn Or “receive the grace of God uselessly.”
[6:2] 42 sn A quotation from Isa 49:8.
[6:3] 43 tn The word “anyone” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects in Greek were often omitted when clear from the context.
[6:3] 44 tn Other interpretations of the first part of 2 Cor 6:3 are possible. The phrase could also mean, “not putting an obstacle in the way of anyone” (L&N 22.14), or “giving no one in anything a cause to sin” (L&N 88.307).
[6:4] 46 tn Or “we have commended ourselves by all things.”
[6:4] 47 tn Or “in trouble and suffering.”
[6:5] 48 tn Or “rebellions” (uprisings in open defiance of civil authority).
[6:5] 49 tn Usually κόποις (kopois) has been translated as “labors” or “hard work,” but see Matt 26:10 where it means “trouble”; “distress” (L&N 22.7). In this context with so many other terms denoting suffering and difficulty, such a meaning is preferable.
[6:6] 50 tn Or “by holiness of spirit.”
[6:7] 52 tn Grk “by the word of truth”; understanding ἀληθείας (alhqeias) as an attributive genitive (“truthful word”).
[6:7] 53 tn Or “speech.” In this context it is more likely that λόγος (logos) refers to Paul’s message (thus “teaching”) than to his speech in general.
[6:7] 54 tn The phrase “for the right hand and for the left” possibly refers to a combination of an offensive weapon (a sword for the right hand) and a defensive weapon (a shield for the left).
[6:8] 55 tn Or “regarded as deceivers.”
[6:9] 56 tn Grk “disciplined,” but in this context probably a reference to scourging prior to execution (yet the execution is not carried out).
[6:11] 57 tn Grk “our mouth has been open to you,” an idiom for openness in communication.
[6:12] 58 tn Grk “You are not restricted by us.”
[6:13] 59 tn The word “my” is not in the Greek text but is implied.
[6:13] 60 tn The words “to us” are not in the Greek text but are implied.
[6:14] 61 tn Or “Do not be mismatched.”
[6:15] 62 sn The Greek term Βελιάρ (Beliar) is a spelling variant for Βελιάλ (Belial, see Judg 20:13 LXX). It occurs only here in the NT. Beliar is a reference to Satan.
[6:16] 63 tc Most witnesses, including some important ones (Ì46 א2 C D2 F G Ψ 0209 Ï lat sy Tert), read ὑμεῖς…ἐστε (Jumei"…este, “you are”) instead of ἡμεῖς…ἐσμεν (Jhmei"…esmen, “we are”) here, but several other early and important
[6:16] 64 tn Or “live among them,” “live with them.”
[6:16] sn I will live in them. The OT text that lies behind this passage (Lev 26:11-12) speaks of God dwelling in the midst of his people. The Greek preposition en in the phrase en autoi" (“in them”) can also have that meaning (“among” or “with”). However, Paul appears to be extending the imagery here to involve God (as the Spirit) dwelling in his people, since he calls believers “the temple of the living God” in the previous clause, imagery he uses elsewhere in his writings (1 Cor 3:16; Eph 2:21-22).
[6:16] 65 sn A quotation from Lev 26:12; also similar to Jer 32:38; Ezek 37:27.
[6:17] 66 sn A quotation from Isa 52:11.
[6:17] 67 tn Or “will receive.”
[6:17] 68 sn A paraphrased quotation from Ezek 20:41.
[6:18] 69 sn A paraphrased quotation from 2 Sam 7:14 and Isa 43:6.
[6:18] 70 tn Traditionally, “the Lord Almighty.” BDAG 755 s.v. παντοκράτωρ states, “the Almighty, All-Powerful, Omnipotent (One) only of God…κύριος π. (oft. LXX) 2 Cor 6:18.”
[7:1] 71 tn Or “purify ourselves.”
[7:1] 72 tn Grk “from every defilement of the flesh.”
[7:1] 73 tn Grk “accomplishing.” The participle has been translated as a finite verb due to considerations of contemporary English style, and “thus” has been supplied to indicate that it represents a result of the previous cleansing.
[7:1] 74 tn Grk “in the fear of God.”
[7:2] 75 tn The phrase “in your hearts” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.
[7:2] 76 tn “We have ruined no one” may refer to financial loss (“we have caused no one to suffer financial loss”) but it may also refer to the undermining of faith (“we have corrupted no one’s faith,”). Both options are mentioned in L&N 20.23.
[7:2] 77 tn Or “we have taken advantage of no one.”
[7:3] 78 sn See 2 Cor 1:4-7.
[7:3] 79 tn The words “with you” are not in the Greek text, but are implied.
[7:4] 80 tn Grk “great is my boasting.”
[7:4] 82 tn Grk “I am overflowing with joy in all our suffering”; the words “in the midst of” are not in the Greek text but are supplied to clarify that Paul is not rejoicing in the suffering itself, but in his relationship with the Corinthians in the midst of all his suffering.
[7:6] 84 tn Or “comforts,” “consoles.”
[7:6] 85 tn Or “comforted,” “consoled.”
[7:7] 86 tn Because of the length and complexity of this Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation by supplying the phrase “We were encouraged.”
[7:7] 87 tn Or “comfort,” “consolation.”
[7:7] 88 tn Grk “by the encouragement with which he was encouraged by you.” The passive construction was translated as an active one in keeping with contemporary English style, and the repeated word “encouraged” was replaced in the translation by “gave” to avoid redundancy in the translation.
[7:7] 89 tn Or “your grieving,” “your deep sorrow.”
[7:8] 91 tn Grk “if I grieved you.”
[7:8] 92 sn My letter. Paul is referring to the “severe” letter mentioned in 2 Cor 2:4.
[7:8] 93 tn Grk “I do not regret”; direct objects in Greek must often be supplied from the context. Here one could simply supply “it,” but since Paul is referring to the effects of his previous letter, clarity is improved if “having written it” is supplied.
[7:8] 94 tn Grk “I did regret”; the direct object “it” must be supplied from the context.
[7:8] 95 tc A few important
[7:8] 96 tn Grk “my letter grieved you.”
[7:9] 97 tn Grk “were grieved” (so also twice later in the verse).
[7:9] 98 tn Grk “corresponding to God,” that is, corresponding to God’s will (κατὰ θεόν, kata qeon). The same phrase occurs in vv. 10 and 11.
[7:9] 99 tn Grk “so that you did not suffer loss.”
[7:11] 100 tn Grk “this very thing, to be grieved.”
[7:11] 101 tn The words “of yourselves” are not in the Greek text but are implied.
[7:11] 102 sn What indignation refers to the Corinthians’ indignation at the offender.
[7:11] 104 sn That is, punishment for the offender.
[7:12] 105 tn Grk “but in order that your eagerness on our behalf might be revealed to you.”
[7:13] 106 tn Or “all of you have put his mind at ease.”
[7:14] 107 tn Grk “I have not been put to shame”; the words “by you” are not in the Greek text but are implied.
[7:14] 108 tn Grk “just as we spoke everything to you in truth.”
[7:14] 109 tn The words “about you” are not in the Greek text but are implied.
[7:15] 110 tn Or “is all the more.”
[8:1] 111 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:8.
[8:3] 113 tn Or “spontaneously.”
[8:4] 114 tn Or “of ministering to.”
[8:6] 115 tn A new sentence was started here in the translation and the word “thus” was supplied to indicate that it expresses the result of the previous clause.
[8:6] 116 tn Or “we exhorted.”
[8:6] 117 tn The words “this work” are not in the Greek text but are implied. Direct objects in Greek were often omitted and must be supplied from the context.
[8:6] 118 tn Grk “this grace.”
[8:7] 119 tn Grk “as you abound.”
[8:7] 120 tc The reading “the love from us that is in you” is very difficult in this context, for Paul is here enumerating the Corinthians’ attributes: How is it possible for them to excel “in the love from us that is in you”? Most likely, because of this difficulty, several early scribes, as well as most later ones (א C D F G Ψ [33] Ï lat), altered the text to read “your love for us” (so NIV; Grk ἐξ ὑμῶν ἐν ἡμῖν ἀγάπῃ [ex Jumwn en Jhmin agaph]). The reading ἐξ ἡμῶν ἐν ὑμῖν ἀγάπῃ (ex Jhmwn en Jumin agaph) is found, however, in excellent and early witnesses (Ì46 B 0243 6 104 630 1175 1739 1881 co). As the harder reading it explains the rise of the other reading. What, then, is the force of “in the love from us that is in you”? Most likely, Paul is commending the Corinthians for excelling in deriving some inspiration from the apostles’ love for them.
[8:7] 121 tn Grk “you abound.”
[8:7] 122 tn Grk “this grace.”
[8:8] 123 tn Grk “by means of the eagerness of others.”
[8:11] 126 tn Grk “and now also complete the doing.”
[8:11] 127 tn Grk “just as the eagerness to want [it].”
[8:11] 128 tn Grk “so also it might be completed.” The passive construction was converted to an active one in the translation in keeping with contemporary English style.
[8:11] 129 tn Grk “completed from what you have.”
[8:12] 130 tn The words “the gift itself” are not in the Greek text but are implied. Translators often supply an English phrase like “it is” (NASB) but in the context, Paul is clearly referring to the collection Titus was to oversee (2 Cor 8:4-7). Therefore there is no reason not to specify the referent (the gift) more narrowly for clarity.
[8:14] 131 tn Or “their lack.”
[8:15] 132 tn The word “gathered” is not in the Greek text, but is implied (so also for the second occurrence of the word later in the verse).
[8:15] 133 sn A quotation from Exod 16:18.
[8:17] 135 tn The comparative form of this adjective is used here with elative meaning.
[8:17] 136 tn This verb has been translated as an epistolary aorist.
[8:17] 137 tn Or “of his own free will.”
[8:18] 138 tn This verb has been translated as an epistolary aorist.
[8:18] 139 tn Grk “the brother of whom the praise in the gospel [is] throughout all the churches.”
[8:19] 140 tn Grk “gospel, and not only this, but.” Here a new sentence was started in the translation.
[8:19] 141 tn Grk “he”; the referent (the brother mentioned in v. 18) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[8:19] 142 tn That is, the offering or collection being taken to assist impoverished Christians.
[8:19] 143 tn The words “to help” are not in the Greek text but are implied (see L&N 25.68).
[8:20] 144 tn “This” refers to sending the brother mentioned in 2 Cor 8:18 to Corinth along with Titus. The words “We did this” have no equivalent in the Greek text, but are necessary to maintain the thought flow in English. The Greek participle that begins v. 20 continues the sentence begun in v. 18 which concerns the sending of the other brother mentioned there.
[8:21] 145 sn An allusion to Prov 3:4.
[8:22] 146 tn This verb has been translated as an epistolary aorist.
[8:23] 147 tn Grk “If concerning Titus” (εἴτε ὑπὲρ Τίτου, eite Juper Titou); the Greek sentence opens with an ellipsis which must be supplied: If [there is any question] about Titus.”
[8:24] 149 tc The sense of this translation is attested by the fact that most of the later
[8:24] tn In the Greek text ἐνδεικνύμενοι (endeiknumenoi) is a present participle which is translated as an imperative verb (see BDF §468; ExSyn 650-52).
