Text -- Luke 22:30 (NET)

22:30 that you may eat and drink at my table in my kingdom, and you will sit on thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per phrase)

Robertson: Luk 22:30 - And ye shall sit

And ye shall sit ( kathēsesthe ).

But Westcott and Hort read in the text kathēsthe (present middle subjunctive with hina ). The picture seems to be that given in Mat 19:28 when Jesus replied to Peter’ s inquiry. It is not clear how literally this imagery is to be taken. But there is the promise of honour for the loyal among these in the end.

Wesley: Luk 22:30 - That ye may eat and drink at my table

That is, that ye may enjoy the highest happiness, as guests, not as servants. These expressions seem to be primarily applicable to the twelve apostles, and secondarily, to all Christ's servants and disciples, whose spiritual powers, honours, and delights, are here represented in figurative terms, with respect to their advancement both in the kingdom of grace and of glory.

JFB: Luk 22:24-30 - there was

Or "had been," referring probably to some symptoms of the former strife which had reappeared, perhaps on seeing the whole paschal arrangements committed to two of the Twelve. (See on Mar 10:42-45.)

JFB: Luk 22:30 - eat and drink, &c.

(See Luk 22:16 and see on Luk 18:28, &c.).

Clarke: Luk 22:30 - Sit on thrones

Sit on thrones - See on Mat 19:28 (note). Marcion left the whole of this verse out, according to Epiphanius: probably because he did not understand it.

TSK: Luk 22:30 - eat // and sit

eat : Luk 22:16-18, Luk 12:37, Luk 14:15; 2Sa 9:9, 2Sa 9:10, 2Sa 19:28; Mat 8:11; Rev 19:9

and sit : Psa 49:14; Mat 19:28; 1Co 6:2, 1Co 6:3; Rev 2:26, Rev 2:27, Rev 3:21, Rev 4:4 *Gr.

Commentary -- Word/Phrase Notes (per Verse)

Poole: Luk 22:28-30

Ver. 28-30. These verses seem to contain (though in a few more words) the substance of what we met with Mat 19:28 . There they are spoken as an answer to Peter, speaking on the behalf of himself and the rest of the apostles, who had forsaken all to follow Christ. Christ tells them there, that those which had followed him, in the regeneration when the Son of man should sit on the throne of his glory, should sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel. That time which our Lord there calleth the regeneration, is the time when he had been giving a new birth to the church, reforming the world by his doctrine and holy example. That time he here calleth the time of his temptations, by which he meaneth trials, afflictions, and persecutions, as the word is often taken in holy writ, Gal 4:14 Jam 1:12 2Pe 2:9 Rev 3:10 .

To those of the disciples (they were eleven of the twelve) he promises a kingdom a state of great honour and dignity, as his Father had appointed him; and therefore they might satisfy themselves with the titles and qualities of ministers and servants while they were here, and be content to meet with troubles and temptations, as he had done, to hunger and thirst, &c.; when that time came which he had appointed, they should then eat and drink at his table, they should sit also upon thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel. Terms expressive of that rest and satisfaction, that glory, honour, and dignity, which the saints in God shall in heaven be possessed of.

Haydock: Luk 22:30 - That you may eat and drink // Sit upon thrones

That you may eat and drink of the spiritual banquet of the joys of heaven which in the Scriptures are divers times compared to a feast or banquet. (Witham) ---

Sit upon thrones. Judas is excepted from the dignity of this great promise. For it is probable he had gone out before the Lord spoke these words. They likewise are excepted, who (St. John vi. 66.) having heard the words of an incomprehensible mystery, turned back and went away. (Ven. Bede)

Gill: Luk 22:30 - That ye may eat, and drink, at my table, in my kingdom // and sit on thrones // judging the twelve tribes of Israel

That ye may eat, and drink, at my table, in my kingdom,.... In the Gospel dispensation, or Gospel church state, in which Christ has a table, called the table of the Lord, 1Co 10:21 which is the Lord's supper, and is a table well furnished with the best of provisions, his flesh and blood, of which believers may eat and drink with a hearty welcome; Christ himself being present to sup with them: and in his personal reign on earth, where will be the marriage supper of the Lamb, to which all the saints will be called; and will sit down with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and be regaled with joys and pleasures not to be expressed: and in the ultimate glory, when the Lamb shall feed them, and shall lead them to fountains of water; and they shall never hunger nor thirst more, but shall have fulness of joy, and be satiated with pleasures that will never fade nor end:

and sit on thrones; expressive of the great honour and dignity they were raised to, both in this, and the other world, from a low and mean estate, being before as beggars on the dunghill, now among princes, and on thrones, even on the same throne with Christ; see 1Sa 2:8

judging the twelve tribes of Israel; doctrinally and ministerially; accusing the Jews, and arraigning them for the crucifixion of Christ; passing sentence upon them, and condemning them, and declaring that they should be damned for their disbelief and rejection of him; See Gill on Mat 19:28.