Teks -- Romans 8:17 (NET)

8:17 And if children, then heirs (namely, heirs of God and also fellow heirs with Christ)– if indeed we suffer with him so we may also be glorified with him.

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Robertson: Rom 8:17 - Joint-heirs with Christ

Joint-heirs with Christ ( sunklēronomoi Christou ).

A late rare double compound, in Philo, an Ephesian inscription of the imperial period (Deissmann, Light from the Ancient East , p. 92), papyri of the Byzantine period. See note on Rom 8:29 for this idea expanded. Paul is fond of compounds of sun , three in this verse (sunklēronomoi , sunpaschōmen , sundoxasthōmen ). The last (first aorist passive subjunctive of sundoxazō with hina (purpose), late and rare, here only in N.T.

Vincent: Rom 8:17 - Joint-heirs

Joint-heirs

Roman law made all children, including adopted ones, equal heritors. Jewish law gave a double portion to the eldest son. The Roman law was naturally in Paul's mind, and suits the context, where adoption is the basis of inheritance.

Vincent: Rom 8:17 - If so be that

If so be that ( εἴπερ )

The conditional particle with the indicative mood assumes the fact. If so be, as is really the case.

Vincent: Rom 8:17 - Suffer with Him

Suffer with Him

Mere suffering does not fulfill the condition. It is suffering with Christ . Compare with Him - all things , Rom 8:32.

Wesley: Rom 8:17 - Joint heirs

That we may know it is a great inheritance which God will give us for he hath given a great one to his Son.

Wesley: Rom 8:17 - If we suffer with him

Willingly and cheerfully, for righteousness' sake. This is a new proposition, referring to what follows.

JFB: Rom 8:17 - And if children, then heirs

"heirs also."

JFB: Rom 8:17 - heirs of God

Of our Father's kingdom.

JFB: Rom 8:17 - and joint-heirs with Christ

As the "First-born among many brethren" (Rom 8:29), and as "Heir of all things" (Heb 1:2).

JFB: Rom 8:17 - if so be that we suffer

"provided we be suffering with Him."

JFB: Rom 8:17 - that we may be also glorified together

With Him. This necessity of conformity to Christ in suffering in order to participate in His glory, is taught alike by Christ Himself and by His apostles (Joh 12:24-26; Mat 16:24-25; 2Ti 2:12).

Clarke: Rom 8:17 - And if children, then heirs

And if children, then heirs - For the legitimate children can alone inherit the estate. This is not an estate to which they succeed in consequence of the death of a former possessor; it is like the promised land, given by God himself, and divided among the children of the family

Clarke: Rom 8:17 - Heirs of God

Heirs of God - It is neither an earthly portion nor a heavenly portion; but God himself, who is to be their portion. It is not heaven they are to inherit; it is God, who is infinitely greater and more glorious than heaven itself. With such powers has God created the soul of man, that nothing less than himself can be a sufficient and satisfactory portion for the mind of this most astonishing creature

Clarke: Rom 8:17 - Joint heirs with Christ

Joint heirs with Christ - Partaking of the same eternal glory with the glorified human nature of Christ

Clarke: Rom 8:17 - If so be that we suffer with him

If so be that we suffer with him - Observe, says Dr. Taylor, how prudently the apostle advances to the harsh affair of suffering. He does not mention it till he had raised up their thoughts to the highest object of joy and pleasure - the happiness and glory of a joint inheritance with the ever-blessed Son of God

We are heirs, heirs of God, and joint heirs with Christ, if so be that we suffer with him. This, with the additional consideration that we suffer with Christ, or, as he himself suffered, would greatly qualify the transitory afflictions of this world, and dispose them to attend to the other arguments he had to offer.

Calvin: Rom 8:17 - And if children // If so be that we suffer together

17.And if children, etc. By an argument, taken from what is annexed or what follows, he proves that our salvation consists in having God as our Father. It is for children that inheritance is appointed: since God then has adopted us as his children, he has at the same time ordained an inheritance for us. He then intimates what sort of inheritance it is — that it is heavenly, and therefore incorruptible and eternal, such as Christ possesses; and his possession of it takes away all uncertainty: and it is a commendation of the exellency of this inheritance, that we shall partake of it in common with the only-begotten Son of God. It is however the design of Paul, as it will presently appear more fully, highly to extol this inheritance promised to us, that we may be contented with it, and manfully despise the allurements of the world, and patiently bear whatever troubles may press on us in this life.

If so be that we suffer together, etc. Various are the interpretations of this passage, but I approve of the following in preference to any other, “We are co-heirs with Christ, provided, in entering on our inheritance, we follow him in the same way in which he has gone before.” And he thus made mention of Christ, because he designed to pass over by these steps to an encouraging strain, — “God’s inheritance is ours, because we have by his grace been adopted as his children; and that it may not be doubtful, its possession as been already conferred on Christ, whose partners we are become: but Christ came to it by the cross; then we must come to it in the same manner.” ²⁵⁷ Nor is that to be dreaded which some fear, that Paul thus ascribes the cause of our eternal glory to our labours; for this mode of speaking is not unusual in Scripture. He denotes the order, which the Lord follows in dispensing salvation to us, rather than the cause; for he has already sufficiently defended the gratuitous mercy of God against the merits of works. When now exhorting us to patience, he does not show whence salvation proceeds, but how God governs his people.

Defender: Rom 8:17 - joint-heirs

The Son has been given all the nations and the uttermost parts of the earth for "thine inheritance" (Psa 2:8). He created all things and is "appointed heir of all things" (Heb 1:2). This is something of what it means for us to be adopted children and thus to share His inheritance (Eph 1:11, Eph 1:14; 1Pe 1:4)."

TSK: Rom 8:17 - if children // heirs of // if so be

if children : Rom 8:3, Rom 8:29, Rom 8:30, Rom 5:9, Rom 5:10,Rom 5:17; Luk 12:32; Act 26:18; Gal 3:29, Gal 4:7; Eph 3:6; Tit 3:7; Heb 1:14, Heb 6:17; Jam 2:5; 1Pe 1:4

heirs of : Mat 25:21; Luk 22:29, Luk 22:30; Joh 17:24; 1Co 2:9, 1Co 3:22, 1Co 3:23; Rev 3:21, Rev 21:7

if so be : Mat 16:24; Luk 24:26; Joh 12:25, Joh 12:26; Act 14:22; 2Co 4:8-12; Phi 1:29; 2Ti 2:10-14

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Rom 8:17 - And if children, then heirs // Joint-heirs with Christ // If so be that we suffer with him // That we may be also glorified together // glorified together

And if children, then heirs there is a parallel text in Gal 4:7 . It is not so with the children of earthly princes: see 2Ch 21:3 .

Joint-heirs with Christ or co-heirs with Christ; he is our elder Brother, and is not ashamed to call us brethren: the inheritance is his by nature, ours by grace.

If so be that we suffer with him the cross of Christ is the condition of our heavenly inheritance. The pronoun him is not in the original, but fitly supplied in our translation. Suffering with him, is much the same with suffering for him: suffering believers do but pledge Christ in the cup that he began to them.

That we may be also glorified together or, glorified with him, not with equal glory, but according to our proportion; he was glorified in this way, Luk 24:26 , and so must we. Three things are implied in our being

glorified together:

1. Conformiry; we shall in some measure be like him in glory: see Joh 17:22 Phi 3:21 .

2. Concomitancy; we shall be present with him in glory, Joh 17:24 1Th 4:17 .

3. Conveyance; our glory will be from him; his glory will reflect on us, and we shall shine in his beams.

Gill: Rom 8:17 - And if children, then heirs // heirs of God // and joint heirs with Christ // if so be that we suffer with him, that we may be also glorified together

And if children, then heirs,.... Children, whether natural or adopted, are heirs to their parents, and according to the Roman laws, which some think the apostle here respects, whether male or female; but according to the Jewish laws ^c, females did not inherit only in case of want of male issue; for though Job's daughters inherited with his sons, this was a peculiar case; and the Jewish writers say ^d, it was מתוך חשיבתן ויופין, "on account of their worth and beauty"; yet adopted children among them, whether male or female, were equal to natural children in possessing the inheritance; however, the apostle includes both here, who are all one in Christ Jesus, and are all the children of God by faith in him, and so

heirs of God: either efficiently, he makes them heirs; they are not so by nature, nor do they become such by the works of the law; but God his rich grace adopts them into his family, begets them again, and freely bestows the inheritance on them: or subjectively, they are heirs of himself; he not only makes them his heirs, but he himself is their inheritance and portion; they are heirs of all things which are his; they share in his love, grace, and mercy; and his wisdom, power, truth, and faithfulness, and indeed, every perfection of his are engaged on their side, and in their favour; all things are theirs who have God to be their God and Father; the Gospel and the ministers of it are theirs; the world and the things of it, life and death, things present and things to come; heaven and happiness, which go by the names of glory, riches of glory, kingdom, eternal life and salvation, are all represented as things to be inherited by the saints. The Jews speak of God's inheriting of man, as the highest pitch of greatness man can arrive unto; thus explaining and paraphrasing on the names of the places from which the Israelites journeyed, Num 21:18, say ^e,

"when a man makes himself as a wilderness, which is common to all, the law is given to him by gift, as it is said, "and from the wilderness to Mattanah": and when it is given to him by gift, נהלו אל, "God inherits him", as it is said, "and from Mattanah to Nahaliel"; the gloss upon it is, the law becomes to him כמו נחלה, "as an inheritance"; and when שנחלו אל, "God inherits him", he ascends to his greatness, i.e. to the highest pitch of it, as it is said, from "Nahaliel to Bamot";''

for when a man is worthy of this, as one of their commentators ^f on this place observes, he is called, "the inheritance of God", according to Deu 32:9; but our apostle speaks not of the saints as God's inheritance, which to be sure they are, but of God as theirs; and not of their inheriting the law, but God himself, which is certainly the highest pitch of honour and greatness that men can possibly enjoy. It is added,

and joint heirs with Christ: it is through him they are heirs of God and of glory; and with him will they partake of and enjoy the inheritance, which is secured to them by their being co-heirs with him: nor does this at all derogate from the honour of Christ, as heir of all things, since he is the firstborn among many brethren, and in this, as in all things, he has the pre-eminence. But before the saints enjoy the inheritance with Christ they must expect to suffer with him and for him; though in the issue they may be assured of this, that they shall be glorified together; their sufferings lie in the way to glory, and glory is and will be the end of their sufferings:

if so be that we suffer with him, that we may be also glorified together: Christ and his people being one, he the head, and they the members, suffer together; when he suffered, they suffered with him and in him, as their head and representative; and they partake of the virtue and efficacy of his sufferings; and they also suffer afflictions, many of them at least of the same kind with Christ, only with these differences; his were penal evils, theirs not; his were attended with a vast sense of wrath and terror, theirs oftentimes with, joy and comfort; his were meritorious, not so theirs. Moreover, many of their sufferings are for the sake of Christ and his Gospel; on the other hand, by reason of that union which is between Christ and believers, he suffers with them, he reckons their afflictions his, and sympathizes with them; and the consideration of this greatly animates and encourages them in their sufferings, and especially when they observe that they shall be "glorified together"; not with his essential glory, nor with his mediatorial glory, but with that glory which his Father has given him for them. There is a glorification of the saints in Christ, and a glorification of them by Christ, and a glorification of them with Christ, which will consist in likeness to him, and in the everlasting vision and enjoyment of him.