Teks -- Leviticus 24:5 (NET)

24:5 “You must take choice wheat flour and bake twelve loaves; there must be two tenths of an ephah of flour in each loaf,

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per frasa)

Wesley: Lev 24:5 - Thou

By the priests or Levites, whose work it was to prepare them, 1Ch 9:32.

Wesley: Lev 24:5 - Twelve cakes

Representing the twelve tribes.

JFB: Lev 24:5-9 - take fine flour, and bake twelve cakes

For the showbread, as previously appointed (Exo 25:30). Those cakes were baked by the Levites, the flour being furnished by the people (1Ch 9:32; 1Ch 23:29), oil, wine, and salt being the other ingredients (Lev 2:13).

JFB: Lev 24:5-9 - two tenth deals

That is, of an ephah--thirteen and a half pounds weight each; and on each row or pile of cakes some frankincense was strewed, which, being burnt, led to the showbread being called "an offering made by fire." Every Sabbath a fresh supply was furnished; hot loaves were placed on the altar instead of the stale ones, which, having lain a week, were removed, and eaten only by the priests, except in cases of necessity (1Sa 21:3-6; also Luk 6:3-4).

Clarke: Lev 24:5 - Bake twelve cakes

Bake twelve cakes - See the whole account of the shew-bread in the notes on Exo 25:30 (note); and relative to the table on which they stood, the golden candlestick and silver trumpets carried in triumph to Rome, see the note on Exo 25:31.

Calvin: Lev 24:5 - NO PHRASE

We now come to the third part of the external service of God, which will bring us to the end of our exposition of the Second Commandment. We have, then, now to treat of the sacred oblations, the first place amongst which I have thought it best to give to the loaves, which had their peculiar table opposite the candlestick on the north side, as we saw in the construction of the Tabernacle; for although the mention of them will recur elsewhere, yet, since they were offered separately, and placed before the Ark of the Covenant, as it were in God’s sight, they must not be treated of apart from the sacrifices. I have already explained that this was no ordinary symbol of God’s favor, when He descended familiarly to them, as if He were their messmate. They were called “the bread of faces,” ²²⁷ because they were placed before the eyes of God; and thus He made known His special favor, as if coming to banquet with them. Nor can it be doubted but that He commanded them to be twelve in number, with reference to the twelve tribes, as if He would admit to His table the food offered by each of them. The “two tenths” make the fifth part of the epah. And it is plaia indeed that this rite was thus accurately prescribed by God, lest diversity in so serious a matter might gradually give birth to many corruptions. In the word “tenths,” He seems to allude to the tax which He had imposed on the people, that thus the holiness of the loaves might be enhanced. But why He required two “tenths” rather than one I know not, nor do I think it any use more curiously to inquire. I refer to the frankincense the words, “that it may be on the bread for a memorial:” as if it were said that the bread, seasoned by the smell of the incense, would renew the memory of the children of Israel, so that they should be of sweet savor before God. Others translate it “a monument” instead of “for a memorial,” but with the same meaning. But although some think that the bread itself is called a memorial, it is more applicable to the frankincense; for it is afterwards added, that the incense should be at the same time a burnt sacrifice, viz., because in it the bread was, as it were, offered in burnt sacrifice.

TSK: Lev 24:5

The loaves of bread which the officiating priest placed every sabbath day upon the golden table in the Sanctum, before the Lord, were twelve in number, representing the twelve tribes of Israel. The loaves must have been large, since two tenth deals (about six pints) of flour were used for each, Lev 24:3, Lev 24:6, Lev 24:7. They were served up hot on the sabbath day in the Sanctum, when the stale ones, which had been exposed the whole week, were taken away, and none but the priests were allowed to eat them. In an extraordinary extremity, David and his men partook of the shew-bread (see note on 1Sa 21:6), the urgent necessity alone justifying the act. The Hebrew signifies bread of faces, or, of the face.

Exo 25:30, Exo 40:23; 1Ki 18:31; 1Sa 21:4, 1Sa 21:5; Mat 12:4; Act 26:7; Jam 1:1

Tafsiran/Catatan -- Catatan Kata/Frasa (per Ayat)

Poole: Lev 24:5 - Thou shalt take // Twelve cakes // Two tenth deals

Thou shalt take by the priests or Levites, whose work it was to prepare them, 1Ch 9:32 .

Twelve cakes representing the twelve tribes.

Two tenth deals i.e. two omers. See Lev 23:13 .

Haydock: Lev 24:5 - Bake // Memorial

Bake. The family of Caath had to perform this office, 1 Paralipomenon ix. 32, and xxiii. 29. (Menochius) ---

[ Ver. 7. ] Incense. Septuagint add, "salt." Villalpand also places wine on the table. (B. iv. 57.) ---

Memorial for the Lord to bless his people, and for them to make their oblations to him as to the living God, from whom all blessings are derived. (Haydock) ---

The incense was burnt instead of the bread, when fresh loaves were placed there. (Calmet)

Gill: Lev 24:5 - And thou shalt take fine flour // and bake twelve cakes thereof // two tenth deals shall be in one cake

And thou shalt take fine flour,.... Of wheat, and the finest of it:

and bake twelve cakes thereof; answerable to the twelve tribes, as the Targum of Jonathan, which were typical of the spiritual Israel of God:

two tenth deals shall be in one cake; that is, two tenth parts of an ephah, which were two omers, one of which was as much as a man could eat in one day of the manna: so that one of these cakes was as much as two men could eat of bread in one day; each cake was ten hands' breadth long, five broad, and seven fingers its horns, or was so high ^g.