Lukas 3:1

The Ministry of John the Baptist

3:1 In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, ¹  when Pontius Pilate ²  was governor of Judea, and Herod ³  was tetrarch ⁴  of Galilee, and his brother Philip ⁵  was tetrarch of the region of Iturea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias ⁶  was tetrarch of Abilene,

Lukas 5:12

Healing a Leper

5:12 While ⁷  Jesus ⁸  was in one of the towns, ⁹  a man came ¹⁰  to him who was covered with ¹¹  leprosy. ¹²  When ¹³  he saw Jesus, he bowed down with his face to the ground ¹⁴  and begged him, ¹⁵  “Lord, if ¹⁶  you are willing, you can make me clean.”

Lukas 12:37

12:37 Blessed are those slaves ¹⁷  whom their master finds alert ¹⁸  when he returns! I tell you the truth, ¹⁹  he will dress himself to serve, ²⁰  have them take their place at the table, ²¹  and will come ²²  and wait on them! ²³ 

Lukas 12:58

12:58 As you are going with your accuser before the magistrate, ²⁴  make an effort to settle with him on the way, so that he will not drag you before the judge, and the judge hand you over to the officer, ²⁵  and the officer throw you into prison.

Lukas 21:12

21:12 But before all this, ²⁶  they will seize ²⁷  you and persecute you, handing you over to the synagogues ²⁸  and prisons. You ²⁹  will be brought before kings and governors because of my name.

[3:1]  ¹ tn Or “Emperor Tiberius” (“Caesar” is a title for the Roman emperor).

[3:1]  sn Tiberius Caesar was the Roman emperor Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus, who ruled from a.d. 14-37.

[3:1]  ² sn The rule of Pontius Pilate is also described by Josephus, J. W. 2.9.2-4 (2.169-177) and Ant. 18.3.1 (18.55-59).

[3:1]  ³ sn Herod refers here to Herod Antipas, son of Herod the Great. He ruled from 4 b.c.-a.d. 39, sharing the rule of his father’s realm with his two brothers. One brother, Archelaus (Matt 2:22) was banished in a.d. 6 and died in a.d. 18; the other brother, Herod Philip (mentioned next) died in a.d. 34.

[3:1]  ⁴ sn A tetrarch was a ruler with rank and authority lower than a king, who ruled only with the approval of the Roman authorities. This was roughly equivalent to being governor of a region. Several times in the NT, Herod tetrarch of Galilee is called a king (Matt 14:9, Mark 6:14-29), reflecting popular usage.

[3:1]  ⁵ sn Philip refers to Herod Philip, son of Herod the Great and brother of Herod Antipas. Philip ruled as tetrarch of Iturea and Trachonitis from 4 b.c.-a.d. 34.

[3:1]  ⁶ sn Nothing else is known about Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene.

[5:12]  ⁷ tn Grk “And it happened that while.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated.

[5:12]  ⁸ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[5:12]  ⁹ tn Or “cities.”

[5:12]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “towns, behold, a man covered with leprosy.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou, “behold”) has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).

[5:12]  ¹¹ tn Grk “full of leprosy” (an idiom for a severe condition).

[5:12]  ¹² sn The ancient term for leprosy covers a wider array of conditions than what is called leprosy today. A leper was totally ostracized from society until he was declared cured (Lev 13:45-46).

[5:12]  ¹³ tn Grk “And seeing.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, δέ (de) has not been translated here. The participle ἰδών (idwn) has been taken temporally.

[5:12]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “he fell on his face”; an idiom for bowing down with one’s face to the ground.

[5:12]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “and begged him, saying.” The participle λέγων (legwn) is redundant in English and has not been translated.

[5:12]  ¹⁶ tn This is a third class condition. The report portrays the leper making no presumptions about whether Jesus will heal him or not.

[12:37]  ¹⁷ tn See the note on the word “slave” in 7:2.

[12:37]  ¹⁸ tn Or “watching”; Grk “awake,” but in context this is not just being awake but alert and looking out.

[12:37]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amhn), I say to you.”

[12:37]  ²⁰ tn See v. 35 (same verb).

[12:37]  ²¹ tn Grk “have them recline at table,” as 1st century middle eastern meals were not eaten while sitting at a table, but while reclining on one’s side on the floor with the head closest to the low table and the feet farthest away.

[12:37]  ²² tn The participle παρελθών (parelqwn) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[12:37]  ²³ sn He…will come and wait on them is a reversal of expectation, but shows that what Jesus asks for he is willing to do as well; see John 13:5 and 15:18-27, although those instances merely foreshadow what is in view here.

[12:58]  ²⁴ sn The term magistrate (ἄρχων, arcwn) refers to an official who, under the authority of the government, serves as judge in legal cases (see L&N 56.29).

[12:58]  ²⁵ sn The officer (πράκτωρ, praktwr) was a civil official who functioned like a bailiff and was in charge of debtor’s prison. The use of the term, however, does not automatically demand a Hellenistic setting (BDAG 859 s.v.; K. H. Rengstorf, TDNT 8:539; C. Maurer, TDNT 6:642).

[21:12]  ²⁶ sn But before all this. Another note of timing is present, this one especially important in understanding the sequence in the discourse. Before the things noted in vv. 8-11 are the events of vv. 12-19.

[21:12]  ²⁷ tn Grk “will lay their hands on you.”

[21:12]  ²⁸ sn Some of the persecution is of Jewish origin (the synagogues). Some fulfillment of this can be seen in Acts. See the note on synagogues in 4:15.

[21:12]  ²⁹ tn Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.