Yosua 12:15

12:15 the king of Libnah (one),

the king of Adullam (one),

Yosua 15:35

15:35 Jarmuth, Adullam, Socoh, Azekah,

Yosua 15:2

15:2 Their southern border started at the southern tip of the Salt Sea, ¹ 

1 Samuel 23:13-14

23:13 So David and his men, who numbered about six hundred, set out and left Keilah; they moved around from one place to another. ²  When told that David had escaped from Keilah, Saul called a halt to his expedition. 23:14 David stayed in the strongholds that were in the desert and in the hill country of the desert of Ziph. Saul looked for him all the time, ³  but God did not deliver David ⁴  into his hand.

1 Samuel 23:1

David Delivers the City of Keilah

23:1 They told David, “The Philistines are fighting in Keilah and are looting the threshing floors.”

1 Samuel 11:15

11:15 So all the people went to Gilgal, where ⁵  they established Saul as king in the Lord’s presence. They offered up peace offerings there in the Lord’s presence. Saul and all the Israelites were very happy.

Mazmur 142:1

Psalm 142 ⁶ 

A well-written song ⁷  by David, when he was in the cave; ⁸  a prayer.

142:1 To the Lord I cry out; ⁹ 

to the Lord I plead for mercy. ¹⁰ 

Mikha 1:3

1:3 Look, ¹¹  the Lord is coming out of his dwelling place!

He will descend and march on the earth’s mountaintops! ¹² 

Mikha 1:15

1:15 Residents of Mareshah, ¹³  a conqueror will attack you, ¹⁴ 

the leaders of Israel shall flee to Adullam. ¹⁵ 

Ibrani 11:38

11:38 (the world was not worthy of them); they wandered in deserts and mountains and caves and openings in the earth.

[15:2]  ¹ tn Heb “Their southern border was from the end of the Salt Sea, from the tongue that faces to the south.”

[15:2]  sn The Salt Sea is another name for the Dead Sea (also in v. 5).

[23:13]  ² tn Heb “they went where they went.”

[23:14]  ³ tn Heb “all the days.”

[23:14]  ⁴ tn Heb “him”; the referent (David) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[11:15]  ⁵ tn Heb “and there in Gilgal.”

[142:1]  ⁶ sn Psalm 142. The psalmist laments his persecuted state and asks the Lord to deliver him from his enemies.

[142:1]  ⁷ tn The meaning of the Hebrew term מַשְׂכִּיל (maskil) is uncertain. The word is derived from a verb meaning “to be prudent; to be wise.” Various options are: “a contemplative song,” “a song imparting moral wisdom,” or “a skillful [i.e., well-written] song.” The term occurs in the superscriptions of Pss 32, 42, 44, 45, 52-55, 74, 78, 88, 89, and 142, as well as in Ps 47:7.

[142:1]  ⁸ sn According to the superscription, David wrote this psalm while in “the cave.” This probably refers to either the incident recorded in 1 Sam 22:1 or to the one recorded in 1 Sam 24:3. See the superscription of Ps 57.

[142:1]  ⁹ tn Heb “[with] my voice to the Lord I cry out.”

[142:1]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “[with] my voice to the Lord I plead for mercy.”

[1:3]  ¹¹ tn Or “For look.” The expression כִּי־הִנֵּה (ki-hinneh) may function as an explanatory introduction (“For look!”; Isa 26:21; 60:2; 65:17, 18: 66:15; Jer 1:15; 25:29; 30:10; 45:5; 46:27; 50:9; Ezek 30:9; 36:9; Zech 2:10; 3:8), or as an emphatic introduction (“Look!”; Jdgs 3:15; Isa 3:1; Jer 8:17; 30:3; 49:15; Hos 9:6; Joel 3:1 [HT 4:1]; Amos 4:2, 13; 6:11, 14; 9:9; Hab 1:6; Zech 2:9 [HT 2:13]; Zech 3:9; 11:16).

[1:3]  ¹² tn Or “high places” (KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT).

[1:15]  ¹³ sn The place name Mareshah sounds like the Hebrew word for “conqueror.”

[1:15]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “Again a conqueror I will bring to you, residents of Mareshah.” The first person verb is problematic, for the Lord would have to be the subject (cf. NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT). But the prophet appears to be delivering this lament and the Lord is referred to in the third person in v. 12. Consequently many emend the verb to a third person form (יָבוֹא, yavo’) and understand the “conqueror” as subject.

[1:15]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “to Adullam the glory of Israel will go.” This probably means that the nation’s leadership will run for their lives and, like David of old, hide from their enemy in the caves of Adullam. Cf. NIV’s “He who is the glory of Israel will come to Adullam,” which sounds as if an individual is in view, and could be understood as a messianic reference.