Yosua 10:36-37

10:36 Joshua and all Israel marched up from Eglon to Hebron and fought against it. 10:37 They captured it and put the sword to its king, all its surrounding cities, and all who lived in it; they ¹  left no survivors. As they ²  had done at Eglon, they ³  annihilated it and all who lived there.

Yosua 11:21

11:21 At that time Joshua attacked and eliminated the Anakites from the hill country ⁴  – from Hebron, Debir, Anab, and all the hill country of Judah and Israel. ⁵  Joshua annihilated them and their cities.

Bilangan 13:22-23

13:22 When they went up through the Negev, they ⁶  came ⁷  to Hebron where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai, ⁸  descendants of Anak, were living. (Now Hebron had been built seven years before Zoan ⁹  in Egypt.) 13:23 When they came to the valley of Eshcol, they cut down from there a branch with one cluster of grapes, and they carried it on a staff ¹⁰  between two men, as well as some of the pomegranates and the figs.

Yudas 1:10

1:10 But these men do not understand the things they slander, and they are being destroyed by the very things that, like irrational animals, they instinctively comprehend. ¹¹ 

Yudas 1:20

1:20 But you, dear friends, by building yourselves up in your most holy faith, by praying in the Holy Spirit, ¹² 

[10:37]  ¹ tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:37]  ² tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[10:37]  ³ tn Heb “he”; the implied subject may be Israel, or Joshua (as the commanding general of the army).

[11:21]  ⁴ tn Heb “went and cut off the Anakites from the hill country.”

[11:21]  ⁵ tn Heb “and from all the hill country of Israel.”

[13:22]  ⁶ tc The MT has the singular, but the ancient versions and Smr have the plural.

[13:22]  ⁷ tn The preterite with vav (ו) consecutive is here subordinated to the following clause. The first verse gave the account of their journey over the whole land; this section focuses on what happened in the area of Hebron, which would be the basis for the false report.

[13:22]  ⁸ sn These names are thought to be three clans that were in the Hebron area (see Josh 15:14; Judg 1:20). To call them descendants of Anak is usually taken to mean that they were large or tall people (2 Sam 21:18-22). They were ultimately driven out by Caleb.

[13:22]  ⁹ sn The text now provides a brief historical aside for the readers. Zoan was probably the city of Tanis, although that is disputed today by some scholars. It was known in Egypt in the New Kingdom as “the fields of Tanis,” which corresponded to the “fields of Zoar” in the Hebrew Bible (Ps 78:12, 43).

[13:23]  ¹⁰ tn The word is related etymologically to the verb for “slip, slide, bend, totter.” This would fit the use very well. A pole that would not bend would be hard to use to carry things, but a pole or stave that was flexible would serve well.

[1:10]  ¹¹ tn Or “they should naturally comprehend.” The present tense in this context may have a conative force.

[1:10]  sn They instinctively comprehend. Like irrational animals, these false teachers do grasp one thing – the instinctive behavior of animals in heat. R. Bauckham (Jude, 2 Peter [WBC], 63) notes that “Though they claim to be guided by special spiritual insight gained in heavenly revelations, they are in fact following the sexual instincts which they share with the animals.” Jude’s focus is somewhat different from Peter’s: Peter argued that, like irrational animals who are born to be caught and killed, these men will be destroyed when destroying others (2 Pet 2:12). Jude, however, does not mention the destruction of animals, just that these false teachers will be destroyed for mimicking them.

[1:20]  ¹² tn The participles in v. 20 have been variously interpreted. Some treat them imperativally or as attendant circumstance to the imperative in v. 21 (“maintain”): “build yourselves up…pray.” But they do not follow the normal contours of either the imperatival or attendant circumstance participles, rendering this unlikely. A better option is to treat them as the means by which the readers are to maintain themselves in the love of God. This both makes eminently good sense and fits the structural patterns of instrumental participles elsewhere.