Yesaya 25:6

25:6 The Lord who commands armies will hold a banquet for all the nations on this mountain. ¹ 

At this banquet there will be plenty of meat and aged wine –

tender meat and choicest wine. ² 

Mazmur 22:26

22:26 Let the oppressed eat and be filled! ³ 

Let those who seek his help praise the Lord!

May you ⁴  live forever!

Mazmur 36:8

36:8 They are filled with food from your house,

and you allow them to drink from the river of your delicacies.

Mazmur 63:5

63:5 As if with choice meat ⁵  you satisfy my soul. ⁶ 

My mouth joyfully praises you, ⁷ 

Amsal 9:5

9:5 “Come, eat ⁸  some of my food,

and drink some of the wine I have mixed. ⁹ 

Yeremia 31:14

31:14 I will provide the priests with abundant provisions. ¹⁰ 

My people will be filled to the full with the good things I provide.”

Matius 22:4

22:4 Again he sent other slaves, saying, ‘Tell those who have been invited, “Look! The feast I have prepared for you is ready. ¹¹  My oxen and fattened cattle have been slaughtered, and everything is ready. Come to the wedding banquet.”’

Lukas 15:23

15:23 Bring ¹²  the fattened calf ¹³  and kill it! Let us eat ¹⁴  and celebrate,

Yohanes 6:48-58

6:48 I am the bread of life. ¹⁵  6:49 Your ancestors ¹⁶  ate the manna in the wilderness, and they died. 6:50 This ¹⁷  is the bread that has come down from heaven, so that a person ¹⁸  may eat from it and not die. 6:51 I am the living bread that came down from heaven. If anyone eats from this bread he will live forever. The bread ¹⁹  that I will give for the life of the world is my flesh.”

6:52 Then the Jews who were hostile to Jesus ²⁰  began to argue with one another, ²¹  “How can this man ²²  give us his flesh to eat?” 6:53 Jesus said to them, “I tell you the solemn truth, ²³  unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, ²⁴  you have no life ²⁵  in yourselves. 6:54 The one who eats ²⁶  my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day. ²⁷  6:55 For my flesh is true ²⁸  food, and my blood is true ²⁹  drink. 6:56 The one who eats ³⁰  my flesh and drinks my blood resides in me, and I in him. ³¹  6:57 Just as the living Father sent me, and I live because of the Father, so the one who consumes ³²  me will live because of me. 6:58 This ³³  is the bread that came down from heaven; it is not like the bread your ancestors ³⁴  ate, but then later died. ³⁵  The one who eats ³⁶  this bread will live forever.”

[25:6]  ¹ sn That is, Mount Zion (see 24:23); cf. TEV; NLT “In Jerusalem.”

[25:6]  ² tn Heb “And the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts] will make for all the nations on this mountain a banquet of meats, a banquet of wine dregs, meats filled with marrow, dregs that are filtered.”

[22:26]  ³ sn Eat and be filled. In addition to praising the Lord, the psalmist also offers a thank offering to the Lord and invites others to share in a communal meal.

[22:26]  ⁴ tn Heb “may your heart[s].”

[63:5]  ⁵ tn Heb “like fat and fatness.”

[63:5]  ⁶ tn Or “me.”

[63:5]  ⁷ tn Heb “and [with] lips of joy my mouth praises.”

[9:5]  ⁸ tn The construction features a cognate accusative (verb and noun from same root). The preposition בּ (bet) has the partitive use “some” (GKC 380 §119.m).

[9:5]  ⁹ tn The final verb actually stands in a relative clause although the relative pronoun is not present; it modifies “wine.”

[9:5]  sn The expressions “eat” and “drink” carry the implied comparison forward; they mean that the simple are to appropriate the teachings of wisdom.

[31:14]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “I will satiate the priests with fat.” However, the word translated “fat” refers literally to the fat ashes of the sacrifices (see Lev 1:16; 4:2 and cf. BDB 206 s.v. דֶּשֶׁן 2. The word is used more abstractly for “abundance” or “rich food” (see Job 36:16 and BDB 206 s.v. דֶּשֶׁן 1). The people and the priests were prohibited from eating the fat (Lev 7:23-24).

[22:4]  ¹¹ tn Grk “Behold, I have prepared my dinner.” In some contexts, however, to translate ἄριστον (ariston) as “dinner” somewhat misses the point. L&N 23.22 here suggests, “See now, the feast I have prepared (for you is ready).”

[15:23]  ¹² tn Grk “And bring.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[15:23]  ¹³ tn Or “the prize calf” (L&N 65.8). See also L&N 44.2, “grain-fattened.” Such a calf was usually reserved for religious celebrations.

[15:23]  ¹⁴ tn The participle φαγόντες (fagontes) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[6:48]  ¹⁵ tn That is, “the bread that produces (eternal) life.”

[6:49]  ¹⁶ tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”

[6:50]  ¹⁷ tn Or “Here.”

[6:50]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “someone” (τις, tis).

[6:51]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “And the bread.”

[6:52]  ²⁰ tn Grk “Then the Jews began to argue.” Here the translation restricts the phrase to those Jews who were hostile to Jesus (cf. BDAG 479 s.v. ᾿Ιουδαῖος 2.e.β), since the “crowd” mentioned in 6:22-24 was almost all Jewish (as suggested by their addressing Jesus as “Rabbi” (6:25). See also the note on the phrase “the Jews who were hostile to Jesus” in v. 41.

[6:52]  ²¹ tn Grk “with one another, saying.”

[6:52]  ²² tn Grk “this one,” “this person.”

[6:53]  ²³ tn Grk “Truly, truly, I say to you.”

[6:53]  ²⁴ sn Unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood. These words are at the heart of the discourse on the Bread of Life, and have created great misunderstanding among interpreters. Anyone who is inclined toward a sacramental viewpoint will almost certainly want to take these words as a reference to the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper, or the Eucharist, because of the reference to eating and drinking. But this does not automatically follow: By anyone’s definition there must be a symbolic element to the eating which Jesus speaks of in the discourse, and once this is admitted, it is better to understand it here, as in the previous references in the passage, to a personal receiving of (or appropriation of) Christ and his work.

[6:53]  ²⁵ tn That is, “no eternal life” (as opposed to physical life).

[6:54]  ²⁶ tn Or “who chews”; Grk ὁ τρώγων (Jo trwgwn). The alternation between ἐσθίω (esqiw, “eat,” v. 53) and τρώγω (trwgw, “eats,” vv. 54, 56, 58; “consumes,” v. 57) may simply reflect a preference for one form over the other on the author’s part, rather than an attempt to express a slightly more graphic meaning. If there is a difference, however, the word used here (τρώγω) is the more graphic and vivid of the two (“gnaw” or “chew”).

[6:54]  ²⁷ sn Notice that here the result (has eternal life and I will raise him up at the last day) is produced by eating (Jesus’) flesh and drinking his blood. Compare John 6:40 where the same result is produced by “looking on the Son and believing in him.” This suggests that the phrase here (eats my flesh and drinks my blood) is to be understood by the phrase in 6:40 (looks on the Son and believes in him).

[6:55]  ²⁸ tn Or “real.”

[6:55]  ²⁹ tn Or “real.”

[6:56]  ³⁰ tn Or “who chews.” On the alternation between ἐσθίω (esqiw, “eat,” v. 53) and τρώγω (trwgw, “eats,” vv. 54, 56, 58; “consumes,” v. 57) see the note on “eats” in v. 54.

[6:56]  ³¹ sn Resides in me, and I in him. Note how in John 6:54 eating Jesus’ flesh and drinking his blood produces eternal life and the promise of resurrection at the last day. Here the same process of eating Jesus’ flesh and drinking his blood leads to a relationship of mutual indwelling (resides in me, and I in him). This suggests strongly that for the author (and for Jesus) the concepts of ‘possessing eternal life’ and of ‘residing in Jesus’ are virtually interchangeable.

[6:57]  ³² tn Or “who chews”; Grk “who eats.” Here the translation “consumes” is more appropriate than simply “eats,” because it is the internalization of Jesus by the individual that is in view. On the alternation between ἐσθίω (esqiw, “eat,” v. 53) and τρώγω (trwgw, “eats,” vv. 54, 56, 58; “consumes,” v. 57) see the note on “eats” in v. 54.

[6:58]  ³³ tn Or “This one.”

[6:58]  ³⁴ tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”

[6:58]  ³⁵ tn Grk “This is the bread that came down from heaven, not just like your ancestors ate and died.” The cryptic Greek expression has been filled out in the translation for clarity.

[6:58]  ³⁶ tn Or “who chews.” On the alternation between ἐσθίω (esqiw, “eat,” v. 53) and τρώγω (trwgw, “eats,” vv. 54, 56, 58; “consumes,” v. 57) see the note on “eats” in v. 54.