Imamat 26:11-12

26:11 “‘I will put my tabernacle ¹  in your midst and I will not abhor you. ²  26:12 I will walk among you, and I will be your God and you will be my people.

Imamat 17:10

Prohibition against Eating Blood

17:10 “‘Any man ³  from the house of Israel or from the foreigners who reside ⁴  in their ⁵  midst who eats any blood, I will set my face against that person who eats the blood, and I will cut him off from the midst of his people, ⁶ 

Imamat 15:31

Summary of Purification Regulations for Bodily Discharges

15:31 “‘Thus you ⁷  are to set the Israelites apart from their impurity so that they ⁸  do not die in their impurity by defiling my tabernacle which is in their midst.

Imamat 23:30

23:30 As for any person ⁹  who does any work on this particular day, I will exterminate ¹⁰  that person from the midst of his people! ¹¹ 

Imamat 18:29

18:29 For if anyone does any of these abominations, the persons who do them will be cut off from the midst of their people. ¹² 

Imamat 17:8

17:8 “You are to say to them: ‘Any man ¹³  from the house of Israel or ¹⁴  from the foreigners who reside ¹⁵  in their ¹⁶  midst, who offers ¹⁷  a burnt offering or a sacrifice

Imamat 17:12

17:12 Therefore, I have said to the Israelites: No person among you is to eat blood, ¹⁸  and no resident foreigner who lives among you is to eat blood. ¹⁹ 

Imamat 18:26

18:26 You yourselves must obey ²⁰  my statutes and my regulations and must not do any of these abominations, both the native citizen and the resident foreigner in your midst, ²¹ 

Imamat 20:5-6

20:5 I myself will set my face against that man and his clan. I will cut off from the midst of their people both him and all who follow after him in spiritual prostitution, ²²  to commit prostitution by worshiping Molech. ²³ 

Prohibition against Spiritists and Mediums ²⁴ 

20:6 “‘The person who turns to the spirits of the dead and familiar spirits ²⁵  to commit prostitution by going after them, I will set my face ²⁶  against that person and cut him off from the midst of his people.

Imamat 22:32

22:32 You must not profane my holy name, and I will be sanctified in the midst of the Israelites. I am the Lord who sanctifies you,

Imamat 26:25

26:25 I will bring on you an avenging sword, a covenant vengeance. ²⁷  Although ²⁸  you will gather together into your cities, I will send pestilence among you and you will be given into enemy hands. ²⁹ 

Imamat 16:16

16:16 So ³⁰  he is to make atonement for the holy place from the impurities of the Israelites and from their transgressions with regard to all their sins, ³¹  and thus he is to do for the Meeting Tent which resides with them in the midst of their impurities.

Imamat 20:14

20:14 If a man has sexual intercourse with both a woman and her mother, ³²  it is lewdness. ³³  Both he and they must be burned to death, ³⁴  so there is no lewdness in your midst.

Imamat 20:18

20:18 If a man has sexual intercourse with a menstruating woman and uncovers her nakedness, he has laid bare her fountain of blood and she has exposed the fountain of her blood, so both of them ³⁵  must be cut off from the midst of their people.

Imamat 24:10

A Case of Blaspheming the Name

24:10 Now ³⁶  an Israelite woman’s son whose father was an Egyptian went out among the Israelites, and the Israelite woman’s son and an Israelite man ³⁷  had a fight in the camp.

Imamat 16:29

Review of the Day of Atonement

16:29 “This is to be a perpetual statute for you. ³⁸  In the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you must humble yourselves ³⁹  and do no work of any kind, ⁴⁰  both the native citizen and the foreigner who resides ⁴¹  in your midst,

Imamat 17:13

17:13 “‘Any man from the Israelites ⁴²  or from the foreigners who reside ⁴³  in their ⁴⁴  midst who hunts a wild animal ⁴⁵  or a bird that may be eaten ⁴⁶  must pour out its blood and cover it with soil,

Imamat 20:3

20:3 I myself will set my face ⁴⁷  against that man and cut him off from the midst of his people, ⁴⁸  because he has given some of his children to Molech and thereby defiled my sanctuary and profaned my holy name. ⁴⁹ 

Imamat 25:33

25:33 Whatever someone among the Levites might redeem – the sale of a house which is his property in a city – must revert in the jubilee, ⁵⁰  because the houses of the cities of the Levites are their property in the midst of the Israelites.

Imamat 6:19

The Grain Offering of the Priests

6:19 Then the Lord spoke to Moses: ⁵¹ 

Imamat 20:1

Prohibitions against Illegitimate Family Worship

20:1 The Lord spoke to Moses:

Imamat 6:20

6:20 “This is the offering of Aaron and his sons which they must present to the Lord on the day when he is anointed: a tenth of an ephah ⁵²  of choice wheat flour ⁵³  as a continual grain offering, half of it in the morning and half of it in the evening.

Imamat 23:23

The Festival of Horn Blasts

23:23 The Lord spoke to Moses:

Imamat 11:37

11:37 Now, if such a carcass falls on any sowing seed which is to be sown, ⁵⁴  it is clean,

Imamat 23:29

23:29 Indeed, ⁵⁵  any person who does not behave with humility on this particular day will be cut off from his people. ⁵⁶ 

Imamat 24:22

24:22 There will be one regulation ⁵⁷  for you, whether a foreigner or a native citizen, for I am the Lord your God.’”

Imamat 11:35

11:35 Anything their carcass may fall on will become unclean. An oven or small stove must be smashed to pieces; they are unclean, and they will stay unclean ⁵⁸  to you.

Imamat 17:4

17:4 but has not brought it to the entrance of the Meeting Tent ⁵⁹  to present it as ⁶⁰  an offering to the Lord before the tabernacle of the Lord. He has shed blood, so that man will be cut off from the midst of his people. ⁶¹ 

Imamat 19:8

19:8 and the one who eats it will bear his punishment for iniquity ⁶²  because he has profaned ⁶³  what is holy to the Lord. ⁶⁴  That person will be cut off from his people. ⁶⁵ 

Imamat 24:15

24:15 Moreover, ⁶⁶  you are to tell the Israelites, ‘If any man curses his God ⁶⁷  he will bear responsibility for his sin,

Imamat 26:22

26:22 I will send the wild animals ⁶⁸  against you and they will bereave you of your children, ⁶⁹  annihilate your cattle, and diminish your population ⁷⁰  so that your roads will become deserted.

Imamat 14:10

The Eighth Day Atonement Rituals

14:10 “On the eighth day he ⁷¹  must take two flawless male lambs, one flawless yearling female lamb, three-tenths of an ephah of choice wheat flour as a grain offering mixed with olive oil, ⁷²  and one log of olive oil, ⁷³ 

Imamat 17:15

Regulations for Eating Carcasses

17:15 “‘Any person ⁷⁴  who eats an animal that has died of natural causes ⁷⁵  or an animal torn by beasts, whether a native citizen or a foreigner, ⁷⁶  must wash his clothes, bathe in water, and be unclean until evening; then he becomes clean.

Imamat 20:2

20:2 “You are to say to the Israelites, ‘Any man from the Israelites or from the foreigners who reside in Israel ⁷⁷  who gives any of his children ⁷⁸  to Molech ⁷⁹  must be put to death; the people of the land must pelt him with stones. ⁸⁰ 

Imamat 25:47

25:47 “‘If a resident foreigner who is with you prospers ⁸¹  and your brother becomes impoverished with regard to him so that ⁸²  he sells himself to a resident foreigner who is with you or to a member ⁸³  of a foreigner’s family,

[26:11]  ¹ tn LXX codexes Vaticanus and Alexandrinus have “my covenant” rather than “my tabernacle.” Cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV “my dwelling.”

[26:11]  ² tn Heb “and my soul [נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh] will not abhor you.”

[17:10]  ³ tn Heb “And man, man.” The repetition of the word “man” is distributive, meaning “any (or every) man” (GKC 395-96 §123.c; cf. Lev 15:2).

[17:10]  ⁴ tn Heb “from the sojourner who sojourns.”

[17:10]  ⁵ tc The LXX, Syriac, and Vulgate have “your” (plural) rather than “their.”

[17:10]  ⁶ tn Heb “I will give my faces against [literally “in”] the soul/person/life [נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh, feminine] who eats the blood and I will cut it [i.e., that נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh] off from the midst of its people.” The uses of נֶפֶשׁ in this and the following verse are most significant for the use of animal blood in Israel’s sacrificial system. Unfortunately, it is a most difficult word to translate accurately and consistently, and this presents a major problem for the rendering of these verses (see, e.g., G. J. Wenham, Leviticus [NICOT], 244-45). No matter which translation of נֶפֶשׁ one uses here, it is important to see that both man and animal have נֶפֶשׁ and that this נֶפֶשׁ is identified with the blood. See the further remarks on v. 11 below. On the “cutting off” penalty see the note on v. 4 above. In this instance, God takes it on himself to “cut off” the person (i.e., extirpation).

[15:31]  ⁷ tn Heb “And you shall.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative force here (cf. KJV, ASV, NASB, NCV, NRSV).

[15:31]  ⁸ tn Heb “and they.” Here the Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) indicates a negative purpose (“lest,” so NAB, NASB).

[23:30]  ⁹ tn Heb “And any person.”

[23:30]  ¹⁰ tn See HALOT 3 s.v. I אבד hif. Cf. KJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT “destroy”; CEV “wipe out.”

[23:30]  ¹¹ tn Heb “its people” (“its” is feminine to agree with “person,” literally “soul,” which is feminine in Hebrew; cf. v. 29).

[18:29]  ¹² sn Regarding the “cut off” penalty see the note on Lev 7:20.

[17:8]  ¹³ tn Heb “Man, man.” The repetition of the word “man” is distributive, meaning “any [or “every”] man” (GKC 395-96 §123.c; cf. Lev 15:2).

[17:8]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “and.” Here the Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) has an alternative sense (“or”).

[17:8]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “from the sojourner who sojourns.”

[17:8]  ¹⁶ tc The LXX, Syriac, and Vulgate have “your” (plural) rather than “their.”

[17:8]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “causes to go up.”

[17:12]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “all/any person from you shall not eat blood.”

[17:12]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “and the sojourner, the one sojourning in your midst, shall not eat blood.”

[18:26]  ²⁰ tn Heb “And you shall keep, you.” The latter emphatic personal pronoun “you” is left out of a few medieval Hebrew mss, Smr, the LXX, Syriac, and Vulgate.

[18:26]  ²¹ tn Heb “the native and the sojourner”; NIV “The native-born and the aliens”; NAB “whether natives or resident aliens.”

[20:5]  ²² tn The adjective “spiritual” has been supplied in the translation to clarify that this is not a reference to literal prostitution, but figuratively compares idolatry to prostitution.

[20:5]  ²³ tn Heb “to commit harlotry after Molech.” The translation employs “worshiping” here for clarity (cf. NAB, NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT). On the “cut off” penalty see the note on Lev 7:20.

[20:6]  ²⁴ sn For structure and coherence in Lev 20:6-27 see the note on v. 27 below.

[20:6]  ²⁵ tn See the note on the phrase “familiar spirits” in Lev 19:31 above.

[20:6]  ²⁶ tn Heb “I will give my faces.”

[26:25]  ²⁷ tn Heb “vengeance of covenant”; cf. NAB “the avenger of my covenant.”

[26:25]  ²⁸ tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) has a concessive force in this context.

[26:25]  ²⁹ tn Heb “in hand of enemy,” but Tg. Ps.-J. and Tg. Neof. have “in the hands of your enemies” (J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 454).

[16:16]  ³⁰ tn Heb “And.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative or even inferential force here.

[16:16]  ³¹ tn Heb “to all their sins.”

[20:14]  ³² tn Heb “And a man who takes a woman and her mother.” The Hebrew verb “to take” in this context means “to engage in sexual intercourse.”

[20:14]  ³³ tn Regarding “lewdness,” see the note on Lev 18:17 above.

[20:14]  ³⁴ tn Heb “in fire they shall burn him and them.” The active plural verb sometimes requires a passive translation (GKC 460 §144.f, g), esp. when no active plural subject has been expressed in the context. The present translation specifies “burned to death” because the traditional rendering “burnt with fire” (KJV, ASV; NASB “burned with fire”) could be understood to mean “branded” or otherwise burned, but not fatally.

[20:18]  ³⁵ tn Heb “and the two of them.”

[24:10]  ³⁶ tn Heb “And.”

[24:10]  ³⁷ tn Heb “the Israelite man,” but Smr has no article, and the point is that there was a conflict between the man of mixed background and a man of full Israelite descent.

[16:29]  ³⁸ tn Heb “And it [feminine] shall be for you a perpetual statute.” Verse 34 begins with the same clause except for the missing demonstrative pronoun “this” here in v. 29. The LXX has “this” in both places and it suits the sense of the passage, although both the verb and the pronoun are sometimes missing in this clause elsewhere in the book (see, e.g., Lev 3:17).

[16:29]  ³⁹ tn Heb “you shall humble your souls.” The verb “to humble” here refers to various forms of self-denial, including but not limited to fasting (cf. Ps 35:13 and Isa 58:3, 10). The Mishnah (m. Yoma 8:1) lists abstentions from food and drink, bathing, using oil as an unguent to moisten the skin, wearing leather sandals, and sexual intercourse (cf. 2 Sam 12:16-17, 20; see the remarks in J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:1054; B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 109; and J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 242).

[16:29]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “and all work you shall not do.”

[16:29]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “the native and the sojourner who sojourns.”

[17:13]  ⁴² tc A few medieval Hebrew mss, Smr, and Tg. Ps.-J. have “from the house of Israel” as in vv. 3, 8, and 10, but the LXX agrees with the MT.

[17:13]  ⁴³ tn Heb “from the sojourner who sojourns.”

[17:13]  ⁴⁴ tc The LXX, Syriac, Vulgate, and certain mss of Smr have “your” (plural) rather than “their” (cf. v. 10 above).

[17:13]  ⁴⁵ tn Heb “[wild] game of animal.”

[17:13]  ⁴⁶ tn That is, it must be a clean animal, not an unclean animal (cf. Lev 11).

[20:3]  ⁴⁷ tn Heb “And I, I shall give my faces.”

[20:3]  ⁴⁸ sn On the “cut off” penalty see the notes on Lev 7:20 and 17:4.

[20:3]  ⁴⁹ tn Heb “for the sake of defiling my sanctuary and to profane my holy name.”

[25:33]  ⁵⁰ tn Heb “And which he shall redeem from the Levites shall go out, sale of house and city, his property in the jubilee.” Although the end of this verse is clear, the first part is notoriously difficult. There are five main views. (1) The first clause of the verse actually attaches to the previous verse, and refers to the fact that their houses retain a perpetual right of redemption (v. 32b), “which any of the Levites may exercise” (v. 33a; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 418, 421). (2) It refers to property that one Levite sells to another Levite, which is then redeemed by still another Levite (v. 33a). In such cases, the property reverts to the original Levite owner in the jubilee year (v. 33b; G. J. Wenham, Leviticus [NICOT], 321). (3) It refers to houses in a city that had come to be declared as a Levitical city but had original non-Levitical owners. Once the city was declared to belong to the Levites, however, an owner could only sell his house to a Levite, and he could only redeem it back from a Levite up until the time of the first jubilee after the city was declared to be a Levitical city. In this case the first part of the verse would be translated, “Such property as may be redeemed from the Levites” (NRSV, NJPS). At the first jubilee, however, all such houses became the property of the Levites (v. 33b; P. J. Budd, Leviticus [NCBC], 353). (4) It refers to property “which is appropriated from the Levites” (not “redeemed from the Levites,” v. 33a) by those who have bought it or taken it as security for debts owed to them by Levites who had fallen on bad times. Again, such property reverts back to the original Levite owners at the jubilee (B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 177). (5) It simply refers to the fact that a Levite has the option of redeeming his house (i.e., the prefix form of the verb is taken to be subjunctive, “may or might redeem”), which he had to sell because he had fallen into debt or perhaps even become destitute. Even if he never gained the resources to do so, however, it would still revert to him in the jubilee year. The present translation is intended to reflect this latter view.

[6:19]  ⁵¹ sn See the note on Lev 6:8 [6:1 HT] above.

[6:20]  ⁵² sn A tenth of an ephah is about 2.3 liters, one day’s ration for a single person (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:306).

[6:20]  ⁵³ tn For the rendering “choice wheat flour” see the note on Lev 2:1.

[11:37]  ⁵⁴ tn Heb “And if there falls from their carcass on any seed of sowing which shall be sown.”

[23:29]  ⁵⁵ tn The particular כִּי (ki) is taken in an asseverative sense here (“Indeed,” see the NJPS translation).

[23:29]  ⁵⁶ tn Heb “it [i.e., that person; literally “soul,” feminine] shall be cut off from its peoples [plural]”; NLT “from the community.”

[24:22]  ⁵⁷ tn Heb “a regulation of one”; KJV, ASV “one manner of law”; NASB “one standard.”

[11:35]  ⁵⁸ tn Heb “be unclean.”

[17:4]  ⁵⁹ tn Smr and LXX add after “tent of meeting” the following: “to make it a burnt offering or a peace offering to the Lord for your acceptance as a soothing aroma, and slaughters it outside, and at the doorway of the tent of meeting has not brought it.”

[17:4]  ⁶⁰ tc Smr includes the suffix “it,” which is needed in any case in the translation to conform to English style.

[17:4]  ⁶¹ sn The exact meaning of this penalty clause is not certain. It could mean (1) that he will be executed, whether by God or by man, (2) that he will be excommunicated from sanctuary worship and/or community benefits, or (3) that his line will be terminated by God (i.e., extirpation). See also the note on Lev 7:20.

[19:8]  ⁶² tn See the note on Lev 17:16 above.

[19:8]  ⁶³ sn Regarding “profaned,” see the note on Lev 10:10 above.

[19:8]  ⁶⁴ tn Heb “the holiness of the Lord.”

[19:8]  ⁶⁵ sn On the “cut off” penalty see the note on Lev 7:20.

[24:15]  ⁶⁶ tn Heb “And.”

[24:15]  ⁶⁷ sn See the note on v. 11 above and esp. Exod 22:28 [27 HT].

[26:22]  ⁶⁸ tn Heb “the animal of the field.” This collective singular has been translated as a plural. The expression “animal of the field” refers to a wild (i.e., nondomesticated) animal.

[26:22]  ⁶⁹ tn The words “of your children” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied.

[26:22]  ⁷⁰ tn Heb “and diminish you.”

[14:10]  ⁷¹ tn The subject “he” probably refers to the formerly diseased person in this case (see the notes on Lev 1:5a, 6a, and 9a).

[14:10]  ⁷² tn This term is often rendered “fine flour,” but it refers specifically to wheat as opposed to barley (B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 10) and, although the translation “flour” is used here, it may indicate “grits” rather than finely ground flour (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:179; see the note on Lev 2:1). The unit of measure is most certainly an “ephah” even though it is not stated explicitly (see, e.g., Num 28:5; cf. 15:4, 6, 8), and three-tenths of an ephah would amount to about a gallon, or perhaps one-third of a bushel (J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 196; Milgrom, 845). Since the normal amount of flour for a lamb is one-tenth of an ephah (Num 28:4-5; cf. 15:4), three-tenths is about right for the three lambs offered in Lev 14:10-20.

[14:10]  ⁷³ tn A “log” (לֹג, log) of oil is about one-sixth of a liter, or one-third of a pint, or two-thirds of a cup.

[17:15]  ⁷⁴ tn Heb “And any soul” (נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh).

[17:15]  ⁷⁵ tn Heb “carcass,” referring to the carcass of an animal that has died on its own, not the carcass of an animal slaughtered for sacrifice or killed by wild beasts. This has been clarified in the translation by supplying the phrase “of natural causes”; cf. NAB “that died of itself”; TEV “that has died a natural death.”

[17:15]  ⁷⁶ tn Heb “in the native or in the sojourner.”

[20:2]  ⁷⁷ tn Heb “or from the sojourner who sojourns”; NAB “an alien residing in Israel.”

[20:2]  ⁷⁸ tn Heb “his seed” (so KJV, ASV); likewise in vv. 3-4.

[20:2]  ⁷⁹ tn Regarding Molech and Molech worship see the note on Lev 18:21.

[20:2]  ⁸⁰ tn This is not the most frequently-used Hebrew verb for stoning (see instead סָקַל, saqal), but a word that refers to the action of throwing, slinging, or pelting someone with stones (רָגָם, ragam; see HALOT 1187 s.v. רגם qal.a, and B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 136).

[25:47]  ⁸¹ tn Heb “And if the hand of a foreigner and resident with you reaches” (cf. v. 26 for this idiom).

[25:47]  ⁸² tn Heb “and.” The Hebrew conjunction ו (vav, “and”) can be considered to have resultative force here.

[25:47]  ⁸³ tn Heb “offshoot, descendant.”