Zakharia 1:19

1:19 So I asked the angelic messenger ¹  who spoke with me, “What are these?” He replied, “These are the horns ²  that have scattered Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem.” ³ 

Zakharia 2:2

2:2 I asked, “Where are you going?” He replied, “To measure Jerusalem ⁴  in order to determine its width and its length.”

Zakharia 2:4-6

2:4 and said to him, “Hurry, speak to this young man ⁵  as follows: ‘Jerusalem will no longer be enclosed by walls ⁶  because of the multitude of people and animals there. 2:5 But I (the Lord says) will be a wall of fire surrounding Jerusalem ⁷  and the source of glory in her midst.’”

2:6 “You there! ⁸  Flee from the northland!” says the Lord, “for like the four winds of heaven ⁹  I have scattered you,” says the Lord.

Zakharia 2:9

2:9 “I am about to punish them ¹⁰  in such a way,” he says, “that they will be looted by their own slaves.” Then you will know that the Lord who rules over all has sent me.

[1:19]  ¹ tn See the note on the expression “angelic messenger” in v. 9.

[1:19]  ² sn An animal’s horn is a common OT metaphor for military power (Pss 18:2; 75:10; Jer 48:25; Mic 4:13). The fact that there are four horns here (as well as four blacksmiths, v. 20) shows a correspondence to the four horses of v. 8 which go to four parts of the world, i.e., the whole world.

[1:19]  ³ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[2:2]  ⁴ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[2:4]  ⁵ sn That is, to Zechariah.

[2:4]  ⁶ tn Heb “Jerusalem will dwell as open regions (פְּרָזוֹת, pÿrazot)”; cf. NAB “in open country”; CEV “won’t have any boundaries.” The population will be so large as to spill beyond the ancient and normal enclosures. The people need not fear, however, for the Lord will be an invisible but strong wall (v. 5).

[2:5]  ⁷ tn Heb “her”; the referent (Jerusalem) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[2:6]  ⁸ sn These are the scattered Jews of eschatological times (as the expression four winds of heaven makes clear) and not those of Zechariah’s time who have, for the most part, already returned by 520 b.c. This theme continues and is reinforced in vv. 10-13.

[2:6]  ⁹ tn Or “of the sky.” The same Hebrew term, שָׁמַיִם (shamayim), may be translated “heaven(s)” or “sky” depending on the context.

[2:9]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “I will wave my hand over them” (so NASB); NIV, NRSV “raise my hand against them.”