Yosua 2:3-4

2:3 So the king of Jericho sent this order to Rahab: ¹  “Turn over ²  the men who came to you ³  – the ones who came to your house ⁴  – for they have come to spy on the whole land!” 2:4 But the woman hid the two men ⁵  and replied, “Yes, these men were clients of mine, ⁶  but I didn’t know where they came from.

Yosua 11:5

11:5 All these kings gathered and joined forces ⁷  at the Waters of Merom to fight Israel.

Yosua 11:7

11:7 Joshua and his whole army caught them by surprise at the Waters of Merom and attacked them. ⁸ 

Yosua 2:2

2:2 The king of Jericho received this report: “Note well! ⁹  Israelite men have come here tonight ¹⁰  to spy on the land.”

Yosua 7:25

7:25 Joshua said, “Why have you brought disaster ¹¹  on us? The Lord will bring disaster on you today!” All Israel stoned him to death. (They also stoned and burned the others.) ¹² 

Yosua 9:8

9:8 But they said to Joshua, “We are willing to be your subjects.” ¹³  So Joshua said to them, “Who are you and where do you come from?”

Yosua 5:14

5:14 He answered, ¹⁴  “Truly I am the commander of the Lord’s army. ¹⁵  Now I have arrived!” ¹⁶  Joshua bowed down with his face to the ground ¹⁷  and asked, “What does my master want to say to his servant?”

Yosua 9:6

9:6 They came to Joshua at the camp in Gilgal and said to him and the men of Israel, “We have come from a distant land. Make a treaty with us.”

Yosua 9:9

9:9 They told him, “Your subjects ¹⁸  have come from a very distant land because of the reputation ¹⁹  of the Lord your God, for we have heard the news about all he did in Egypt ²⁰ 

Yosua 9:12

9:12 This bread of ours was warm when we packed it in our homes the day we started out to meet you, ²¹  but now it is dry and hard. ²² 

Yosua 15:18

15:18 One time Acsah ²³  came and charmed her father ²⁴  so that she could ask him for some land. When she got down from her donkey, Caleb said to her, “What would you like?”

Yosua 6:18

6:18 But be careful when you are setting apart the riches for the Lord. If you take any of it, you will make the Israelite camp subject to annihilation and cause a disaster. ²⁵ 

Yosua 23:15

23:15 But in the same way every faithful promise the Lord your God made to you has been realized, ²⁶  it is just as certain, if you disobey, that the Lord will bring on you every judgment ²⁷  until he destroys you from this good land which the Lord your God gave you.

Yosua 2:1

Joshua Sends Spies into the Land

2:1 Joshua son of Nun sent two spies out from Shittim secretly and instructed them: ²⁸  “Find out what you can about the land, especially Jericho.” ²⁹  They stopped at the house of a prostitute named Rahab and spent the night there. ³⁰ 

Yosua 2:19

2:19 Anyone who leaves your house will be responsible for his own death – we are innocent in that case! ³¹  But if anyone with you in the house is harmed, we will be responsible. ³² 

Yosua 3:13

3:13 When the feet ³³  of the priests carrying the ark of the Lord, the Ruler ³⁴  of the whole earth, touch ³⁵  the water of the Jordan, the water coming downstream toward you will stop flowing and pile up.” ³⁶ 

Yosua 24:7

24:7 Your fathers ³⁷  cried out for help to the Lord; he made the area between you and the Egyptians dark, ³⁸  and then drowned them in the sea. ³⁹  You witnessed with your very own eyes ⁴⁰  what I did in Egypt. You lived in the wilderness for a long time. ⁴¹ 

Yosua 3:16

3:16 the water coming downstream toward them stopped flowing. ⁴²  It piled up far upstream ⁴³  at Adam (the city near Zarethan); there was no water at all flowing to the sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea). ⁴⁴  The people crossed the river opposite Jericho. ⁴⁵ 

Yosua 10:4

10:4 “Come to my aid ⁴⁶  so we can attack Gibeon, for it has made peace with Joshua and the Israelites.”

Yosua 24:1

Israel Renews its Commitment to the Lord

24:1 Joshua assembled all the Israelite tribes at Shechem. He summoned Israel’s elders, rulers, judges, and leaders, and they appeared before God.

Yosua 10:33

10:33 Then King Horam of Gezer came up to help Lachish, but Joshua struck down him and his army ⁴⁷  until no survivors remained.

Yosua 7:14

7:14 In the morning you must approach in tribal order. ⁴⁸  The tribe the Lord selects ⁴⁹  must approach by clans. The clan the Lord selects must approach by families. ⁵⁰  The family the Lord selects must approach man by man. ⁵¹ 

Yosua 10:9

10:9 Joshua attacked them by surprise after marching all night from Gilgal. ⁵² 

Yosua 10:6

10:6 The men of Gibeon sent this message to Joshua at the camp in Gilgal, “Do not abandon ⁵³  your subjects! ⁵⁴  Rescue us! Help us! For all the Amorite kings living in the hill country are attacking us.” ⁵⁵ 

Yosua 15:15

15:15 From there he attacked the people of Debir. ⁵⁶  (Debir used to be called Kiriath Sepher.)

Yosua 10:24

10:24 When they brought the kings out to Joshua, he ⁵⁷  summoned all the men of Israel and said to the commanders of the troops who accompanied him, “Come here ⁵⁸  and put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So they came up ⁵⁹  and put their feet on their necks.

Yosua 14:6

14:6 The men of Judah approached Joshua in Gilgal, and Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite said to him, “You know what the Lord said about you and me to Moses, the man of God, at Kadesh Barnea. ⁶⁰ 

Yosua 2:9

2:9 She said to the men, “I know the Lord is handing this land over to you. ⁶¹  We are absolutely terrified of you, ⁶²  and all who live in the land are cringing before ⁶³  you. ⁶⁴ 

Yosua 7:17

7:17 He then made the clans of Judah approach and the clan of the Zerahites was selected. He made the clan of the Zerahites approach and Zabdi ⁶⁵  was selected. ⁶⁶ 

Yosua 8:5

8:5 I and all the troops ⁶⁷  who are with me will approach the city. When they come out to fight us like before, we will retreat from them.

Yosua 11:20

11:20 for the Lord determined to make them obstinate so they would attack Israel. He wanted Israel to annihilate them without mercy, as he had instructed Moses. ⁶⁸ 

Yosua 24:20

24:20 If ⁶⁹  you abandon the Lord and worship ⁷⁰  foreign gods, he will turn against you; ⁷¹  he will bring disaster on you and destroy you, ⁷²  though he once treated you well.” ⁷³ 

Yosua 3:9

3:9 Joshua told the Israelites, “Come here and listen to the words of the Lord your God!”

Yosua 8:28

8:28 Joshua burned Ai and made it a permanently uninhabited mound (it remains that way to this very day). ⁷⁴ 

Yosua 22:12

22:12 When the Israelites heard this, the entire Israelite community assembled at Shiloh to launch an attack against them. ⁷⁵ 

Yosua 23:8

23:8 But you must be loyal to ⁷⁶  the Lord your God, as you have been ⁷⁷  to this very day.

Yosua 11:21

11:21 At that time Joshua attacked and eliminated the Anakites from the hill country ⁷⁸  – from Hebron, Debir, Anab, and all the hill country of Judah and Israel. ⁷⁹  Joshua annihilated them and their cities.

Yosua 17:4

17:4 They went before Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the leaders and said, “The Lord told Moses to assign us land among our relatives.” ⁸⁰  So Joshua ⁸¹  assigned them land among their uncles, as the Lord had commanded. ⁸² 

Yosua 21:1

Levitical Cities

21:1 The tribal leaders of the Levites went before Eleazar the priest and Joshua son of Nun and the Israelite tribal leaders

Yosua 5:9

5:9 The Lord said to Joshua, “Today I have taken away ⁸³  the disgrace ⁸⁴  of Egypt from you.” So that place is called Gilgal ⁸⁵  even to this day.

Yosua 7:16

7:16 Bright and early the next morning Joshua made Israel approach in tribal order ⁸⁶  and the tribe of Judah was selected.

Yosua 10:41

10:41 Joshua conquered the area between Kadesh Barnea and Gaza and the whole region of Goshen, all the way to Gibeon. ⁸⁷ 

Yosua 14:14

14:14 So Hebron remains the assigned land of Caleb son of Jephunneh the Kenizzite to this very day ⁸⁸  because he remained loyal to the Lord God of Israel.

Yosua 24:5

24:5 I sent Moses and Aaron, and I struck Egypt down when I intervened in their land. ⁸⁹  Then I brought you out.

Yosua 10:11

10:11 As they fled from Israel on the slope leading down from ⁹⁰  Beth Horon, the Lord threw down on them large hailstones from the sky, ⁹¹  all the way to Azekah. They died – in fact, more died from the hailstones than the Israelites killed with the sword.

Yosua 2:23

2:23 Then the two men returned – they came down from the hills, crossed the river, ⁹²  came to Joshua son of Nun, and reported to him all they had discovered.

Yosua 3:1-2

Israel Crosses the Jordan

3:1 Bright and early the next morning Joshua and the Israelites left Shittim and came to the Jordan. ⁹³  They camped there before crossing the river. ⁹⁴  3:2 After three days the leaders went through the camp

Yosua 4:9

4:9 Joshua also set up twelve stones ⁹⁵  in the middle of the Jordan in the very place where the priests carrying the ark of the covenant stood. They remain there to this very day.

Yosua 7:18

7:18 He then made Zabdi’s ⁹⁶  family approach man by man ⁹⁷  and Achan son of Carmi, son of Zabdi, son of Zerah, from the tribe of Judah, was selected.

Yosua 8:19

8:19 When he held out his hand, the men waiting in ambush rose up quickly from their place and attacked. ⁹⁸  They entered the city, captured it, and immediately set it on fire.

Yosua 8:35

8:35 Joshua read aloud every commandment Moses had given ⁹⁹  before the whole assembly of Israel, including the women, children, and resident foreigners who lived among them. ¹⁰⁰ 

Yosua 9:22

9:22 ¹⁰¹ Joshua summoned the Gibeonites ¹⁰²  and said to them, “Why did you trick ¹⁰³  us by saying, ‘We live far away from you,’ when you really live nearby? ¹⁰⁴ 

Yosua 11:4

11:4 These kings came out with their armies; they were as numerous as the sand on the seashore and had a large number of horses and chariots. ¹⁰⁵ 

Yosua 13:13

13:13 But the Israelites did not conquer ¹⁰⁶  the Geshurites and Maacathites; Geshur and Maacah live among Israel to this very day.

Yosua 15:63

15:63 The men of Judah were unable to conquer the Jebusites living in Jerusalem. ¹⁰⁷  The Jebusites live with the people of Judah in Jerusalem to this very day. ¹⁰⁸ 

Yosua 20:5

20:5 When the avenger of blood comes after him, they must not hand over to him the one who committed manslaughter, for he accidentally killed his fellow man without premeditation. ¹⁰⁹ 

Yosua 22:33

22:33 The Israelites were satisfied with their report and gave thanks to God. ¹¹⁰  They said nothing more about launching an attack to destroy the land in which the Reubenites and Gadites lived. ¹¹¹ 

Yosua 23:2

23:2 So Joshua summoned all Israel, including the elders, rulers, judges, and leaders, and told them: “I am very old.

Yosua 23:9

23:9 “The Lord drove out from before you great and mighty nations; no one has been able to resist you ¹¹²  to this very day.

Yosua 24:12

24:12 I sent terror ¹¹³  ahead of you to drive out before you the two ¹¹⁴  Amorite kings. I gave you the victory; it was not by your swords or bows. ¹¹⁵ 

Yosua 6:25

6:25 Yet Joshua spared ¹¹⁶  Rahab the prostitute, her father’s family, ¹¹⁷  and all who belonged to her. She lives in Israel ¹¹⁸  to this very day because she hid the messengers Joshua sent to spy on Jericho. ¹¹⁹ 

Yosua 7:5

7:5 The men of Ai killed about thirty-six of them and chased them from in front of the city gate all the way to the fissures ¹²⁰  and defeated them on the steep slope. ¹²¹  The people’s ¹²²  courage melted away like water. ¹²³ 

Yosua 7:9

7:9 When the Canaanites and all who live in the land hear about this, they will turn against us and destroy the very memory of us ¹²⁴  from the earth. What will you do to protect your great reputation?” ¹²⁵ 

Yosua 7:15

7:15 The one caught with the riches ¹²⁶  must be burned up ¹²⁷  along with all who belong to him, because he violated the Lord’s covenant and did such a disgraceful thing in Israel.’”

Yosua 7:26

7:26 Then they erected over him a large pile of stones (it remains to this very day ¹²⁸ ) and the Lord’s anger subsided. So that place is called the Valley of Disaster to this very day.

Yosua 8:14

8:14 When the king of Ai saw Israel, he and his whole army quickly got up the next day and went out to fight Israel at the meeting place near the Arabah. ¹²⁹  But he did not realize ¹³⁰  men were hiding behind the city. ¹³¹ 

Yosua 8:20

8:20 When the men of Ai turned around, they saw ¹³²  the smoke from the city ascending into the sky and were so shocked they were unable to flee in any direction. ¹³³  In the meantime the men who were retreating to the desert turned against their pursuers.

Yosua 8:22

8:22 At the same time the men who had taken the city came out to fight, and the men of Ai were trapped in the middle. ¹³⁴  The Israelites struck them down, leaving no survivors or refugees.

Yosua 9:27

9:27 and that day made them woodcutters and water carriers for the community and for the altar of the Lord at the divinely chosen site. (They continue in that capacity to this very day.) ¹³⁵ 

Yosua 11:6

11:6 The Lord told Joshua, “Don’t be afraid of them, for about this time tomorrow I will cause all of them to lie dead before Israel. You must hamstring their horses and burn ¹³⁶  their chariots.”

Yosua 12:1-2

12:1 Now these are the kings of the land whom the Israelites defeated and drove from their land ¹³⁷  on the east side of the Jordan, ¹³⁸  from the Arnon Valley to Mount Hermon, including all the eastern Arabah:

12:2 King Sihon of the Amorites who lived ¹³⁹  in Heshbon and ruled from Aroer (on the edge of the Arnon Valley) – including the city in the middle of the valley ¹⁴⁰  and half of Gilead – all the way to the Jabbok Valley bordering Ammonite territory.

Yosua 17:14

17:14 The descendants of Joseph said to Joshua, “Why have you assigned us only one tribal allotment? After all, we have many people, for until now the Lord has enabled us to increase in number.” ¹⁴¹ 

Yosua 18:8

18:8 When the men started out, Joshua told those going to map out the land, “Go, walk through the land, map it out, and return to me. Then I will draw lots for you before the Lord here in Shiloh.”

Yosua 20:9

20:9 These were the cities of refuge ¹⁴²  appointed for all the Israelites and for resident foreigners living among them. Anyone who accidentally killed someone could escape there and not be executed by ¹⁴³  the avenger of blood, at least until his case was reviewed by the assembly. ¹⁴⁴ 

Yosua 22:17

22:17 The sin we committed at Peor was bad enough. To this very day we have not purified ourselves; it even brought a plague on the community of the Lord. ¹⁴⁵ 

Yosua 22:19

22:19 But if your own land ¹⁴⁶  is impure, ¹⁴⁷  cross over to the Lord’s own land, ¹⁴⁸  where the Lord himself lives, ¹⁴⁹  and settle down among us. ¹⁵⁰  But don’t rebel against the Lord or us ¹⁵¹  by building for yourselves an altar aside from the altar of the Lord our God.

Yosua 23:4

23:4 See, I have parceled out to your tribes these remaining nations, ¹⁵²  from the Jordan to the Mediterranean Sea ¹⁵³  in the west, including all the nations I defeated. ¹⁵⁴ 

Yosua 8:33

8:33 All the people, ¹⁵⁵  rulers, ¹⁵⁶  leaders, and judges were standing on either side of the ark, in front of the Levitical priests who carried the ark of the covenant of the Lord. Both resident foreigners and native Israelites were there. ¹⁵⁷  Half the people stood in front of Mount Gerizim and the other half in front of Mount Ebal, as Moses the Lord’s servant had previously instructed to them to do for the formal blessing ceremony. ¹⁵⁸ 

[2:3]  ¹ tn Heb “and the king of Jericho sent to Rahab, saying.”

[2:3]  ² tn Heb “bring out.”

[2:3]  ³ tn The idiom “come to” (בוֹא אֶל, bo’ ’el) probably has sexual connotations here, as it often does elsewhere when a man “comes to” a woman. If so, the phrase could be translated “your clients.” The instructions reflect Rahab’s perspective as to the identity of the men.

[2:3]  ⁴ tn The words “the ones who came to your house” (Heb “who came to your house”) may be a euphemistic scribal addition designed to blur the sexual connotation of the preceding words.

[2:4]  ⁵ tn Heb “The woman took the two men and hid him.” The third masculine singular pronominal suffix on “hid” has to be a scribal error (see GKC §135.p).

[2:4]  ⁶ tn Heb “the men came to me.” See the note on this phrase in v. 3.

[11:5]  ⁷ tn Heb “and came and camped together.”

[11:7]  ⁸ tn Heb “Joshua and all the people of war with him came upon them at the Waters of Merom suddenly and fell upon them.”

[2:2]  ⁹ tn Or “look.”

[2:2]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “men have come here tonight from the sons of Israel.”

[7:25]  ¹¹ tn Or “trouble.” The word is “achor” in Hebrew (also in the following clause).

[7:25]  ¹² tc Heb “and they burned them with fire and they stoned them with stones.” These words are somewhat parenthetical in nature and are omitted in the LXX; they may represent a later scribal addition.

[9:8]  ¹³ tn Heb “we are your servants.”

[5:14]  ¹⁴ tc Heb “He said, “Neither.” An alternative reading is לוֹ (lo, “[He said] to him”; cf. NEB). This reading is supported by many Hebrew mss, as well as the LXX and Syriac versions. The traditional reading of the MT (לֹא, lo’, “no, neither”) is probably the product of aural confusion (the two variant readings sound the same in Hebrew). Although followed by a number of modern translations (cf. NIV, NRSV), this reading is problematic, for the commander of the Lord’s army would hardly have declared himself neutral.

[5:14]  ¹⁵ sn The Lord’s heavenly army, like an earthly army, has a commander who leads the troops. For the phrase שַׂר־צְבָא (sar-tsÿva’, “army commander”) in the human sphere, see among many other references Gen 21:22, 32; 26:26; Judg 4:2, 7; 1 Sam 12:9.

[5:14]  ¹⁶ sn The commander’s appearance seems to be for Joshua’s encouragement. Joshua could now lead Israel into battle knowing that the Lord’s invisible army would ensure victory.

[5:14]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “Joshua fell on his face to the ground and bowed down.”

[9:9]  ¹⁸ tn Or “servants.”

[9:9]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “name.”

[9:9]  ²⁰ tn Heb “the report about him, all that he did in Egypt.”

[9:12]  ²¹ tn Heb “in the day we went out to come to you.”

[9:12]  ²² tn Or “moldy.”

[15:18]  ²³ tn Heb “she”; the referent (Acsah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[15:18]  ²⁴ tn Heb “him.” The referent of the pronoun could be Othniel, in which case the translation would be, “she incited him [Othniel] to ask her father for a field.” This is problematic, however, for Acsah, not Othniel, makes the request in v. 19. The LXX has “he [Othniel] urged her to ask her father for a field.” This appears to be an attempt to reconcile the apparent inconsistency and probably does not reflect the original text. If Caleb is understood as the referent of the pronoun, the problem disappears. For a fuller discussion of the issue, see P. G. Mosca, “Who Seduced Whom? A Note on Joshua 15:18//Judges 1:14,” CBQ 46 (1984): 18-22. This incident is also recorded in Judg 1:14.

[6:18]  ²⁵ tn Heb “Only you keep [away] from what is set apart [to the Lord] so that you might not, as you are setting [it] apart, take some of what is set apart [to the Lord] and make the camp of Israel set apart [to destruction by the Lord] and bring trouble on it.”

[23:15]  ²⁶ tn Heb “and it will be as every good word which the Lord your God spoke to you has come to pass.”

[23:15]  ²⁷ tn Heb “so the Lord will bring every injurious [or “evil”] word [or “thing”] upon you.”

[2:1]  ²⁸ tn Heb “Joshua, son of Nun, sent from Shittim two men, spies, secretly, saying.”

[2:1]  ²⁹ tn Heb “go, see the land, and Jericho.”

[2:1]  map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

[2:1]  ³⁰ tn Heb “they went and entered the house of a woman, a prostitute, and her name was Rahab, and they slept there.”

[2:19]  ³¹ tn Heb “Anyone who goes out from the doors of your house to the outside, his blood is on his head. We are innocent.”

[2:19]  ³² tn Heb “But anyone who is with you in the house, his blood is on our head if a hand should be on him.”

[3:13]  ³³ tn Heb “the soles of the feet.”

[3:13]  ³⁴ tn Or “Lord”; or “Master.”

[3:13]  ³⁵ tn Or “rest in.”

[3:13]  ³⁶ tn Heb “the waters of the Jordan, the waters descending from above, will be cut off so that they will stand in one pile.”

[24:7]  ³⁷ tn Heb “they”; the referent (the fathers) has been specified in the translation for clarity (see the previous verse).

[24:7]  ³⁸ tn Or “put darkness between you and the Egyptians.”

[24:7]  ³⁹ tn Heb “and he brought over them the sea and covered them.”

[24:7]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “your eyes saw.”

[24:7]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “many days.”

[3:16]  ⁴² tn Heb “the waters descending from above stood still.”

[3:16]  ⁴³ tn Heb “they stood in one pile very far away.”

[3:16]  ⁴⁴ tn Heb “the [waters] descending toward the sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea) were completely cut off.”

[3:16]  sn The Salt Sea is an ancient name for the Dead Sea.

[3:16]  ⁴⁵ map For the location of Jericho see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

[10:4]  ⁴⁶ tn Heb “Come up to me and help me.”

[10:33]  ⁴⁷ tn Heb “people.”

[7:14]  ⁴⁸ tn Heb “by your tribes.”

[7:14]  ⁴⁹ tn Heb “takes forcefully, seizes.”

[7:14]  ⁵⁰ tn Heb “houses.”

[7:14]  ⁵¹ tn Heb “by men.”

[10:9]  ⁵² tn Heb “Joshua came upon them suddenly, all the night he went up from Gilgal.”

[10:6]  ⁵³ tn Heb “do not let your hand drop from us.”

[10:6]  ⁵⁴ tn Heb “your servants!”

[10:6]  ⁵⁵ tn Heb “have gathered against us.”

[15:15]  ⁵⁶ tn Heb “he went up against the inhabitants of Debir.”

[10:24]  ⁵⁷ tn Heb “Joshua.” The translation has replaced the proper name with the pronoun (“he”) because a repetition of the proper name here would be redundant according to English style.

[10:24]  ⁵⁸ tn Or “Draw near.”

[10:24]  ⁵⁹ tn Or “drew near.”

[14:6]  ⁶⁰ tn Heb “You know the word which the Lord spoke to Moses, the man of God, because of me and because of you in Kadesh Barnea.”

[14:6]  sn On this incident at Kadesh Barnea see Num 14:30.

[2:9]  ⁶¹ tn Heb “has given the land to you.” Rahab’s statement uses the Hebrew perfect, suggesting certitude.

[2:9]  ⁶² tn Heb “terror of you has fallen upon us.”

[2:9]  ⁶³ tn Or “melting away because of.”

[2:9]  ⁶⁴ tn Both of these statements are actually subordinated to “I know” in the Hebrew text, which reads, “I know that the Lord…and that terror of you…and that all the inhabitants….”

[7:17]  ⁶⁵ tn See the note on “Zabdi” in 1 Chr 7:1.

[7:17]  ⁶⁶ tn Heb “and he selected Zabdi.” The Lord is the apparent subject. The LXX supports reading a passive (Niphal) form here, as does the immediate context.

[8:5]  ⁶⁷ tn Heb “the people.”

[11:20]  ⁶⁸ tn Heb “for from the Lord it was to harden their heart[s] to meet for the battle with Israel, in order to annihilate them, so that they would receive no mercy, in order annihilate them, as the Lord commanded Moses.”

[24:20]  ⁶⁹ tn Or “when.”

[24:20]  ⁷⁰ tn Or “and serve.”

[24:20]  ⁷¹ tn The words “against you” are added for clarification.

[24:20]  ⁷² tn Heb “bring you to an end.”

[24:20]  ⁷³ tn Heb “after he did good for you.”

[8:28]  ⁷⁴ tn Heb “and made it a permanent mound, a desolation, to this day.”

[22:12]  ⁷⁵ tn Heb “to go up against them for battle.”

[23:8]  ⁷⁶ tn Heb “hug.”

[23:8]  ⁷⁷ tn Heb “done.”

[11:21]  ⁷⁸ tn Heb “went and cut off the Anakites from the hill country.”

[11:21]  ⁷⁹ tn Heb “and from all the hill country of Israel.”

[17:4]  ⁸⁰ tn Heb “The Lord commanded Moses to assign to us an inheritance in the midst of our brothers.” Since Zelophehad had no sons, “brothers” must refer to their uncles, as the next sentence makes clear.

[17:4]  ⁸¹ tn Heb “he.” The referent is probably Joshua, although Eleazar is mentioned first in the preceding list.

[17:4]  ⁸² tn Heb “and he assigned to them in accordance with the mouth [i.e., command] of the Lord an inheritance in the midst of the brothers of their father.”

[5:9]  ⁸³ tn Heb “rolled away.”

[5:9]  ⁸⁴ sn One might take the disgrace of Egypt as a reference to their uncircumcised condition (see Gen 34:14), but the generation that left Egypt was circumcised (see v. 5). It more likely refers to the disgrace they experienced in Egyptian slavery. When this new generation reached the promised land and renewed their covenantal commitment to the Lord by submitting to the rite of circumcision, the Lord’s deliverance of his people from slavery, which had begun with the plagues and the crossing of the Red Sea, reached its climax. See T. C. Butler, Joshua (WBC), 59.

[5:9]  ⁸⁵ sn The name Gilgal sounds like the Hebrew verb “roll away” (גַּלַל, galal).

[7:16]  ⁸⁶ tn Heb “by tribes.”

[10:41]  ⁸⁷ tn Heb “and Joshua struck them down, from Kadesh Barnea even to Gaza, and all the land of Goshen, even to Gibeon.”

[14:14]  ⁸⁸ tn Heb “Therefore Hebron belongs to Caleb son of Jephunneh for an inheritance to this day.”

[24:5]  ⁸⁹ tn Heb “by that which I did in its midst.”

[10:11]  ⁹⁰ tn Heb “on the descent of.”

[10:11]  ⁹¹ tn Or “heaven” (also in v. 13). The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heaven(s)” or “sky” depending on the context.

[2:23]  ⁹² tn The words “the river,” though not in the Hebrew text, are added for clarification.

[3:1]  ⁹³ tn Heb “And Joshua arose early in the morning and he and the Israelites left Shittim and came to the Jordan.”

[3:1]  ⁹⁴ tn The words “the river,” though not in the Hebrew text, have been supplied in the translation for clarity.

[4:9]  ⁹⁵ tn Here “also” has been supplied in the translation to make it clear (as indicated by v. 20) that these are not the same stones the men took from the river bed.

[7:18]  ⁹⁶ tn Heb “his”; the referent (Zabdi) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[7:18]  ⁹⁷ tn Heb “by men.”

[8:19]  ⁹⁸ tn Heb “and ran.”

[8:35]  ⁹⁹ tn Heb “There was not a word from all which Moses commanded that Joshua did not read aloud.”

[8:35]  ¹⁰⁰ tn Heb “walked in their midst.”

[9:22]  ¹⁰¹ sn Verses 22-27 appear to elaborate on v. 21b.

[9:22]  ¹⁰² tn Heb “them.”

[9:22]  ¹⁰³ tn Or “deceive.”

[9:22]  ¹⁰⁴ tn Heb “live in our midst?”

[11:4]  ¹⁰⁵ tn Heb “They and all their camps with them came out, a people as numerous as the sand which is on the edge of the sea in multitude, and [with] horses and chariots very numerous.”

[13:13]  ¹⁰⁶ tn Or “dispossess.”

[15:63]  ¹⁰⁷ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[15:63]  ¹⁰⁸ sn The statement to this very day reflects the perspective of the author, who must have written prior to David’s conquest of the Jebusites (see 2 Sam 5:6-7).

[20:5]  ¹⁰⁹ tn Heb “for without knowledge he killed his neighbor, and he was not hating him prior to that.”

[22:33]  ¹¹⁰ tn Heb “and the word was good in the eyes of the sons of Israel and the sons of Israel blessed God.”

[22:33]  ¹¹¹ tn Heb “and they did not speak about going up against them for battle to destroy the land in which the sons of Reuben and the sons of Gad were living.”

[23:9]  ¹¹² tn Heb “not a man has stood before you.”

[24:12]  ¹¹³ tn Traditionally, “the hornet” (so KJV, NKJV, NASB, NIV, NRSV) but the precise meaning of the Hebrew word is uncertain (cf. NEB “panic”).

[24:12]  ¹¹⁴ tn The LXX has “twelve,” apparently understanding this as a reference to Amorite kings west of the Jordan (see Josh 5:1, rather than the trans-Jordanian Amorite kings Sihon and Og (see Josh 2:10; 9:10).

[24:12]  ¹¹⁵ tn Heb “and it drove them out from before you, the two kings of the Amorites, not by your sword and not by your bow.” The words “I gave you the victory” are supplied for clarification.

[6:25]  ¹¹⁶ tn Heb “kept alive.”

[6:25]  ¹¹⁷ tn Heb the house of her father.”

[6:25]  ¹¹⁸ tn Or “among the Israelites”; Heb “in the midst of Israel.”

[6:25]  ¹¹⁹ map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.

[7:5]  ¹²⁰ tn The meaning and correct translation of the Hebrew word שְׁבָרִים (shÿvarim) is uncertain. The translation “fissures” is based on usage of the plural form of the noun in Ps 60:4 HT (60:2 ET), where it appears to refer to cracks in the earth caused by an earthquake. Perhaps deep ravines or gorges are in view, or the word is a proper noun (“all the way to Shebarim”).

[7:5]  ¹²¹ sn The precise geographical location of the Israelite defeat at this “steep slope” is uncertain.

[7:5]  ¹²² tn Or “army’s.”

[7:5]  ¹²³ tn Heb “and the heart of the people melted and became water.”

[7:9]  ¹²⁴ tn Heb “and cut off our name.”

[7:9]  ¹²⁵ tn Heb “What will you do for your great name?”

[7:15]  ¹²⁶ tn Heb “with what was set apart [to the Lord].”

[7:15]  ¹²⁷ tn Heb “burned with fire.”

[7:26]  ¹²⁸ tc Heb “to this day.” The phrase “to this day” is omitted in the LXX and may represent a later scribal addition.

[8:14]  ¹²⁹ tn Heb “When the king of Ai saw, the men of Ai hurried and rose early and went out to meet Israel for battle, he and all his people at the meeting place before the Arabah.”

[8:14]  ¹³⁰ tn Or “know.”

[8:14]  ¹³¹ tn Heb “that (there was) an ambush for him behind the city.”

[8:20]  ¹³² tn Heb “and they saw, and look.” The Hebrew term הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”) draws attention to the scene and invites the audience to view the events from the perspective of the men of Ai.

[8:20]  ¹³³ tn Heb “and there was not in them hands to flee here or there.” The Hebrew term יָדַיִם (yadayim, “hands”) is idiomatic for “strength.”

[8:22]  ¹³⁴ tn Heb “and these went out from the city to meet them and they were for Israel in the middle, some on this side, and others on the other side.”

[9:27]  ¹³⁵ tn Heb “and Joshua made them in that day woodcutters and water carriers for the community, and for the altar of the Lord to this day at the place which he chooses.”

[11:6]  ¹³⁶ tn Heb “burn with fire”; the words “with fire” are redundant in English and have not been included in the translation.

[12:1]  ¹³⁷ tn Heb “and took possession of their land.”

[12:1]  ¹³⁸ tn Heb “beyond the Jordan, toward the rising of the sun.”

[12:2]  ¹³⁹ tn Or perhaps, “reigned.”

[12:2]  ¹⁴⁰ tc The MT reads here, “and the middle of the valley,” but the reading “the city in the middle of valley” can be reconstructed on the basis of Josh 13:9, 16.

[17:14]  ¹⁴¹ tn Heb “Why have you given me as an inheritance one lot and one portion, though I am a great people until [the time] which, until now the Lord has blessed me?” The construction עַד אֲשֶׁר־עַד־כֹּה (’ad-’asher-’ad-koh, “until [the time] which, until now”) is extremely awkward. An emendation of the first עַד (’ad) to עַל (’al) yields a more likely reading: “for until now” (see HALOT 2:787).

[20:9]  ¹⁴² tn The Hebrew text reads simply “the cities.” The words “for refuge” are supplied for clarification.

[20:9]  ¹⁴³ tn Heb “and not die by the hand of.”

[20:9]  ¹⁴⁴ tn Heb “until he stands before the assembly.” The words “at least” are supplied for clarification.

[22:17]  ¹⁴⁵ tn Heb “Was the sin of Peor too insignificant for us, from which we have not made purification to this day? And there was a plague in the assembly of the Lord.”

[22:19]  ¹⁴⁶ tn Heb “the land of your possession.”

[22:19]  ¹⁴⁷ sn The western tribes here imagine a possible motive for the action of the eastern tribes. T. C. Butler explains the significance of the land’s “impurity”: “East Jordan is impure because it is not Yahweh’s possession. Rather it is simply ‘your possession.’ That means it is land where Yahweh does not live, land which his presence has not sanctified and purified” (Joshua [WBC], 247).

[22:19]  ¹⁴⁸ tn Heb “the land of the possession of the Lord.”

[22:19]  ¹⁴⁹ tn Heb “where the dwelling place of the Lord resides.”

[22:19]  sn The phrase where the Lord himself lives refers to the tabernacle.

[22:19]  ¹⁵⁰ tn Heb “and take for yourselves in our midst.”

[22:19]  ¹⁵¹ tc Heb “and us to you rebel.” The reading of the MT, the accusative sign with suffix (וְאֹתָנוּ, vÿ’otanu), is problematic with the verb “rebel” (מָרַד, marad). Many Hebrew mss correctly read the negative particle אַל (’al) for the preposition אֶל (’el, “to”).

[23:4]  ¹⁵² tn Heb “I have assigned by lots to you these remaining nations as an inheritance for your tribes.”

[23:4]  ¹⁵³ tn Heb “the Great Sea,” the typical designation for the Mediterranean Sea.

[23:4]  ¹⁵⁴ tn Heb “from the Jordan and all the nations which I cut off and the Great Sea [at] the place where the sun sets.” The relationship of the second half of the verse, which mentions nations already conquered, to the first half, which speaks of “remaining nations,” is difficult to understand.

[8:33]  ¹⁵⁵ tn Heb “All Israel.”

[8:33]  ¹⁵⁶ tn Or “elders.”

[8:33]  ¹⁵⁷ tn Heb “like the resident alien, like the citizen.” The language is idiomatic, meaning that both groups were treated the same, at least in this instance.

[8:33]  ¹⁵⁸ tn Heb “as Moses, the Lord’s servant, commanded to bless the people, Israel, formerly.”

[8:33]  sn Moses’ earlier instructions are found in Deut 11:29.