Yosua 11:1--12:24
Konteks11:1 When King Jabin of Hazor 1 heard the news, he organized a coalition, including 2 King Jobab of Madon, the king of Shimron, the king of Acshaph, 11:2 and the northern kings who ruled in 3 the hill country, the Arabah south of Kinnereth, 4 the lowlands, and the heights of Dor to the west. 11:3 Canaanites came 5 from the east and west; Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites from the hill country; and Hivites from below Hermon in the area 6 of Mizpah. 11:4 These kings came out with their armies; they were as numerous as the sand on the seashore and had a large number of horses and chariots. 7 11:5 All these kings gathered and joined forces 8 at the Waters of Merom to fight Israel.
11:6 The Lord told Joshua, “Don’t be afraid of them, for about this time tomorrow I will cause all of them to lie dead before Israel. You must hamstring their horses and burn 9 their chariots.” 11:7 Joshua and his whole army caught them by surprise at the Waters of Merom and attacked them. 10 11:8 The Lord handed them over to Israel and they struck them down and chased them all the way to Greater Sidon, 11 Misrephoth Maim, 12 and the Mizpah Valley to the east. They struck them down until no survivors remained. 11:9 Joshua did to them as the Lord had commanded him; he hamstrung their horses and burned 13 their chariots.
11:10 At that time Joshua turned, captured Hazor, 14 and struck down its king with the sword, for Hazor was at that time 15 the leader of all these kingdoms. 11:11 They annihilated everyone who lived there with the sword 16 – no one who breathed remained – and burned 17 Hazor.
11:12 Joshua captured all these royal cities and all their kings and annihilated them with the sword, 18 as Moses the Lord’s servant had commanded. 11:13 But Israel did not burn any of the cities located on mounds, 19 except for Hazor; 20 it was the only one Joshua burned. 11:14 The Israelites plundered all the goods of these cities and the cattle, but they totally destroyed all the people 21 and allowed no one who breathed to live. 11:15 Moses the Lord’s servant passed on the Lord’s commands to Joshua, and Joshua did as he was told. He did not ignore any of the commands the Lord had given Moses. 22
11:16 Joshua conquered the whole land, 23 including the hill country, all the Negev, all the land of Goshen, the lowlands, 24 the Arabah, the hill country of Israel and its lowlands, 11:17 from Mount Halak on up to Seir, as far as Baal Gad in the Lebanon Valley below Mount Hermon. He captured all their kings and executed them. 25 11:18 Joshua campaigned against 26 these kings for quite some time. 27 11:19 No city made peace with the Israelites (except the Hivites living in Gibeon); 28 they had to conquer all of them, 29 11:20 for the Lord determined to make them obstinate so they would attack Israel. He wanted Israel to annihilate them without mercy, as he had instructed Moses. 30
11:21 At that time Joshua attacked and eliminated the Anakites from the hill country 31 – from Hebron, Debir, Anab, and all the hill country of Judah and Israel. 32 Joshua annihilated them and their cities. 11:22 No Anakites were left in Israelite territory, though some remained in Gaza, Gath, and Ashdod. 11:23 Joshua conquered 33 the whole land, just as the Lord had promised Moses, 34 and he assigned Israel their tribal portions. 35 Then the land was free of war.
12:1 Now these are the kings of the land whom the Israelites defeated and drove from their land 36 on the east side of the Jordan, 37 from the Arnon Valley to Mount Hermon, including all the eastern Arabah:
12:2 King Sihon of the Amorites who lived 38 in Heshbon and ruled from Aroer (on the edge of the Arnon Valley) – including the city in the middle of the valley 39 and half of Gilead – all the way to the Jabbok Valley bordering Ammonite territory. 12:3 His kingdom included 40 the eastern Arabah from the Sea of Kinnereth 41 to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea), 42 including the route to Beth Jeshimoth and the area southward below the slopes of Pisgah.
12:4 The territory of King Og of Bashan, one of the few remaining Rephaites, 43 who lived 44 in Ashtaroth and Edrei 12:5 and ruled over Mount Hermon, Salecah, all of Bashan to the border of the Geshurites and Maacathites, and half of Gilead as far as the border of King Sihon of Heshbon.
12:6 Moses the Lord’s servant and the Israelites defeated them and Moses the Lord’s servant assigned their land 45 to Reuben, Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh.
12:7 These are the kings of the land whom Joshua and the Israelites defeated on the west side of the Jordan, from Baal Gad in the Lebanon Valley to Mount Halak on up to Seir. Joshua assigned this territory to the Israelite tribes, 46 12:8 including the hill country, the lowlands, 47 the Arabah, the slopes, the wilderness, and the Negev – the land of 48 the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites:
12:9 the king of Jericho 49 (one),
the king of Ai – located near Bethel – (one),
12:10 the king of Jerusalem 50 (one),
the king of Hebron (one),
12:11 the king of Jarmuth (one),
the king of Lachish (one),
12:12 the king of Eglon (one),
the king of Gezer (one),
12:13 the king of Debir (one),
the king of Geder (one),
12:14 the king of Hormah (one),
the king of Arad (one),
12:15 the king of Libnah (one),
the king of Adullam (one),
12:16 the king of Makkedah (one),
the king of Bethel 51 (one),
12:17 the king of Tappuah (one),
the king of Hepher (one),
12:18 the king of Aphek (one),
the king of Lasharon (one),
12:19 the king of Madon (one),
the king of Hazor 52 (one),
12:20 the king of Shimron Meron (one),
the king of Acshaph (one),
12:21 the king of Taanach (one),
the king of Megiddo 53 (one),
12:22 the king of Kedesh (one),
the king of Jokneam near Carmel (one),
12:23 the king of Dor – near Naphath Dor – (one),
the king of Goyim – near Gilgal – (one),
12:24 the king of Tirzah (one),
a total of thirty-one kings.
[11:1] 1 map For location see Map1 D2; Map2 D3; Map3 A2; Map4 C1.
[11:2] 3 tn Heb “and to the kings who [are] from the north in.”
[11:2] 4 tn Heb “Chinneroth,” a city and plain located in the territory of Naphtali in Galilee (BDB 490 s.v. כִּנֶּרֶת, כִּנֲרוֹת).
[11:2] sn Kinnereth was a city in Galilee located near the Sea of Galilee (Deut 3:17). The surrounding region also became known by this name (1 Kgs 15:20; cf. Matt 14:34), and eventually even the lake itself (Josh 12:3; cf. Luke 5:1).
[11:3] 5 tn The verb “came” is supplied in the translation (see v. 4).
[11:4] 7 tn Heb “They and all their camps with them came out, a people as numerous as the sand which is on the edge of the sea in multitude, and [with] horses and chariots very numerous.”
[11:5] 8 tn Heb “and came and camped together.”
[11:6] 9 tn Heb “burn with fire”; the words “with fire” are redundant in English and have not been included in the translation.
[11:7] 10 tn Heb “Joshua and all the people of war with him came upon them at the Waters of Merom suddenly and fell upon them.”
[11:8] 11 map For location see Map1 A1; JP3 F3; JP4 F3.
[11:8] 12 tn The meaning of the Hebrew name “Misrephoth Maim” is perhaps “lime-kilns by the water” (see HALOT 2:641).
[11:9] 13 tn Heb “burned with fire”; the words “with fire” are redundant in English and have not been included in the translation.
[11:10] 14 map For location see Map1 D2; Map2 D3; Map3 A2; Map4 C1.
[11:11] 16 tn Heb “and they struck down all life which was in it with the edge of the sword, annihilating.”
[11:11] 17 tn Heb “burned with fire”; the words “with fire” are redundant in English and have not been included in the translation.
[11:12] 18 tn Heb “and he struck them down with the edge of the sword, he annihilated them.”
[11:13] 19 tn Heb “standing on their mounds.”
[11:13] 20 map For location see Map1 D2; Map2 D3; Map3 A2; Map4 C1.
[11:14] 21 tn Heb “but all the people they struck down with the edge of the sword until they destroyed them.”
[11:15] 22 tn Heb “As the
[11:16] 23 tn Heb “Joshua took all this land.”
[11:16] 24 tn Or “foothills”; Heb “the Shephelah.”
[11:17] 25 tn Heb “and struck them down and killed them.”
[11:18] 26 tn Heb “made war with.”
[11:18] 27 tn Heb “for many days.”
[11:19] 28 tn The LXX omits this parenthetical note, which may represent a later scribal addition.
[11:19] 29 tn Heb “the whole they took in battle.”
[11:20] 30 tn Heb “for from the
[11:21] 31 tn Heb “went and cut off the Anakites from the hill country.”
[11:21] 32 tn Heb “and from all the hill country of Israel.”
[11:23] 34 tn Heb “according to all which the
[11:23] 35 tn Heb “and Joshua gave it for an inheritance to Israel according to their allotted portions by their tribes.”
[12:1] 36 tn Heb “and took possession of their land.”
[12:1] 37 tn Heb “beyond the Jordan, toward the rising of the sun.”
[12:2] 38 tn Or perhaps, “reigned.”
[12:2] 39 tc The MT reads here, “and the middle of the valley,” but the reading “the city in the middle of valley” can be reconstructed on the basis of Josh 13:9, 16.
[12:3] 40 tn The words “his kingdom included” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
[12:3] 41 sn The Sea of Kinnereth is another name for the Sea of Galilee. See the note on the word “Kinnereth” in 11:2.
[12:3] 42 sn The Salt Sea is another name for the Dead Sea.
[12:4] 43 tn Heb “from the remnant of the Rephaites.”
[12:4] sn The Rephaites were apparently an extremely tall ethnic group. See Deut 2:10-11, 20; 3:11.
[12:4] 44 tn Or perhaps “who reigned.”
[12:6] 45 tn Heb “gave it for a possession.”
[12:7] 46 tn Heb “Joshua gave it to the tribes of Israel as a possession according to their allotted portions.”
[12:8] 47 tn Or “the foothills”; Heb “the Shephelah.”
[12:8] 48 tn The words “the land of” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
[12:9] 49 map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.
[12:10] 50 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[12:16] 51 map For location see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.
[12:19] 52 map For location see Map1 D2; Map2 D3; Map3 A2; Map4 C1.
[12:21] 53 map For location see Map1 D4; Map2 C1; Map4 C2; Map5 F2; Map7 B1.
