Yesaya 2:19

2:19 They ¹  will go into caves in the rocky cliffs

and into holes in the ground, ² 

trying to escape the dreadful judgment of the Lord ³ 

and his royal splendor,

when he rises up to terrify the earth. ⁴ 

Yesaya 9:17

9:17 So the sovereign master was not pleased ⁵  with their young men,

he took no pity ⁶  on their orphans and widows;

for the whole nation was godless ⁷  and did wicked things, ⁸ 

every mouth was speaking disgraceful words. ⁹ 

Despite all this, his anger does not subside,

and his hand is ready to strike again. ¹⁰ 

Yesaya 19:20

19:20 It ¹¹  will become a visual reminder in the land of Egypt of ¹²  the Lord who commands armies. When they cry out to the Lord because of oppressors, he will send them a deliverer and defender ¹³  who will rescue them.

Yesaya 24:2

24:2 Everyone will suffer – the priest as well as the people, ¹⁴ 

the master as well as the servant, ¹⁵ 

the elegant lady as well as the female attendant, ¹⁶ 

the seller as well as the buyer, ¹⁷ 

the borrower as well as the lender, ¹⁸ 

the creditor as well as the debtor. ¹⁹ 

Yesaya 24:18

24:18 The one who runs away from the sound of the terror

will fall into the pit; ²⁰ 

the one who climbs out of the pit,

will be trapped by the snare.

For the floodgates of the heavens ²¹  are opened up ²² 

and the foundations of the earth shake.

[2:19]  ¹ tn The identity of the grammatical subject is unclear. The “idols” could be the subject; they will “go” into the caves and holes when the idolaters throw them there in their haste to escape God’s judgment (see vv. 20-21). The picture of the idols, which represent the foreign deities worshiped by the people, fleeing from the Lord would be highly polemical and fit the overall mood of the chapter. However it seems more likely that the idolaters themselves are the subject, for v. 10 uses similar language in sarcastically urging them to run from judgment.

[2:19]  ² tn Heb “dust”; ASV “into the holes of the earth.”

[2:19]  ³ tn Heb “from the dread of the Lord,” that is, from the dread that he produces in the objects of his judgment.” The words “trying to escape” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[2:19]  ⁴ tn Or “land.” It is not certain if these verses are describing the judgment of Judah (see vv. 6-9) or a more universal judgment on all proud men.

[9:17]  ⁵ tn The Qumran scroll 1QIsa^a has לא יחמול (“he did not spare”) which is an obvious attempt to tighten the parallelism (note “he took no pity” in the next line). Instead of taking שָׂמַח (samakh) in one of its well attested senses (“rejoice over, be pleased with”), some propose, with support from Arabic, a rare homonymic root meaning “be merciful.”

[9:17]  ⁶ tn The translation understands the prefixed verbs יִשְׂמַח (yismakh) and יְרַחֵם (yÿrakhem) as preterites without vav (ו) consecutive. (See v. 11 and the note on “he stirred up.”)

[9:17]  ⁷ tn Or “defiled”; cf. ASV “profane”; NAB “profaned”; NIV “ungodly.”

[9:17]  ⁸ tn מֵרַע (mera’) is a Hiphil participle from רָעַע (ra’a’, “be evil”). The intransitive Hiphil has an exhibitive force here, indicating that they exhibited outwardly the evidence of an inward condition by committing evil deeds.

[9:17]  ⁹ tn Or “foolishness” (NASB), here in a moral-ethical sense.

[9:17]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “in all this his anger is not turned, and still his hand is outstretched.”

[9:17]  sn See the note at 9:12.

[19:20]  ¹¹ tn The masculine noun מִזְבֵּחַ (mizbbeakh, “altar”) in v. 19 is probably the subject of the masculine singular verb הָיָה (hayah) rather than the feminine noun מַצֵּבָה (matsevah, “sacred pillar”), also in v. 19.

[19:20]  ¹² tn Heb “a sign and a witness to the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts] in the land of Egypt.”

[19:20]  ¹³ tn רָב (rav) is a substantival participle (from רִיב, riv) meaning “one who strives, contends.”

[24:2]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “and it will be like the people, like the priest.”

[24:2]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “like the servant, like his master.”

[24:2]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “like the female servant, like her mistress.”

[24:2]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “like the buyer, like the seller.”

[24:2]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “like the lender, like the borrower.”

[24:2]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “like the creditor, just as the one to whom he lends.”

[24:18]  ²⁰ tn The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.

[24:18]  ²¹ tn Heb “from the height”; KJV “from on high.”

[24:18]  ²² sn The language reflects the account of the Noahic Flood (see Gen 7:11).