Mazmur 7:4

7:4 or have wronged my ally, ¹ 

or helped his lawless enemy, ² 

Mazmur 35:12

35:12 They repay me evil for the good I have done; ³ 

I am overwhelmed with sorrow. ⁴ 

Mazmur 109:3-5

109:3 They surround me and say hateful things; ⁵ 

they attack me for no reason.

109:4 They repay my love with accusations, ⁶ 

but I continue to pray. ⁷ 

109:5 They repay me evil for good, ⁸ 

and hate for love.

Mazmur 109:1

Psalm 109 ⁹ 

For the music director, a psalm of David.

109:1 O God whom I praise, do not ignore me! ¹⁰ 

1 Samuel 19:4-6

19:4 So Jonathan spoke on David’s behalf ¹¹  to his father Saul. He said to him, “The king should not sin against his servant David, for he has not sinned against you. On the contrary, his actions have been very beneficial ¹²  for you. 19:5 He risked his life ¹³  when he struck down the Philistine and the Lord gave all Israel a great victory. When you saw it, you were happy. So why would you sin against innocent blood by putting David to death for no reason?”

19:6 Saul accepted Jonathan’s advice ¹⁴  and took an oath, “As surely as the Lord lives, he will not be put to death.”

1 Samuel 23:5

23:5 So David and his men went to Keilah and fought the Philistines. He took away their cattle and thoroughly defeated them. ¹⁵  David delivered the inhabitants of Keilah.

1 Samuel 23:12

23:12 David asked, “Will the leaders of Keilah deliver me and my men into Saul’s hand?” The Lord said, “They will deliver you over.”

1 Samuel 25:16

25:16 Both night and day they were a protective wall for us the entire time we were with them, while we were tending our flocks.

1 Samuel 25:21

25:21 Now David had been thinking, ¹⁶  “In vain I guarded everything that belonged to this man in the desert. I didn’t take anything from him. But he has repaid my good with evil.

Yeremia 18:20

18:20 Should good be paid back with evil?

Yet they are virtually digging a pit to kill me. ¹⁷ 

Just remember how I stood before you

pleading on their behalf ¹⁸ 

to keep you from venting your anger on them. ¹⁹ 

[7:4]  ¹ tn Heb “if I have repaid the one at peace with me evil.” The form שׁוֹלְמִי (sholÿmi, “the one at peace with me”) probably refers to a close friend or ally, i.e., one with whom the psalmist has made a formal agreement. See BDB 1023 s.v. שָׁלוֹם 4.a.

[7:4]  ² tn Heb “or rescued my enemy in vain.” The preterite with vav (ו) consecutive (the verb form is pseudo-cohortative; see IBHS 576-77 §34.5.3) carries on the hypothetical nuance of the perfect in the preceding line. Some regard the statement as a parenthetical assertion that the psalmist is kind to his enemies. Others define חָלַץ (khalats) as “despoil” (cf. NASB, NRSV “plundered”; NIV “robbed”), an otherwise unattested nuance for this verb. Still others emend the verb to לָחַץ (lakhats, “oppress”). Most construe the adverb רֵיקָם (reqam, “emptily, vainly”) with “my enemy,” i.e., the one who is my enemy in vain.” The present translation (1) assumes an emendation of צוֹרְרִי (tsorÿriy, “my enemy”) to צוֹרְרוֹ (tsorÿro, “his [i.e., the psalmist’s ally’s] enemy”) following J. Tigay, “Psalm 7:5 and Ancient Near Eastern Treaties,” JBL 89 (1970): 178-86, (2) understands the final mem (ם) on רֵיקָם as enclitic, and (3) takes רִיק (riq) as an adjective modifying “his enemy.” (For other examples of a suffixed noun followed by an attributive adjective without the article, see Pss 18:17 (“my strong enemy”), 99:3 (“your great and awesome name”) and 143:10 (“your good spirit”). The adjective רִיק occurs with the sense “lawless” in Judg 9:4; 11:3; 2 Chr 13:7. In this case the psalmist affirms that he has not wronged his ally, nor has he given aid to his ally’s enemies. Ancient Near Eastern treaties typically included such clauses, with one or both parties agreeing not to lend aid to the treaty partner’s enemies.

[35:12]  ³ tn Heb “they repay me evil instead of good.”

[35:12]  ⁴ tn Heb “[there is] bereavement to my soul.”

[109:3]  ⁵ tn Heb “and [with] words of hatred they surround me.”

[109:4]  ⁶ tn Heb “in place of my love they oppose me.”

[109:4]  ⁷ tn Heb “and I, prayer.”

[109:5]  ⁸ tn Heb “and they set upon me evil in place of good.”

[109:1]  ⁹ sn Psalm 109. Appealing to God’s justice, the psalmist asks God to vindicate him and to bring severe judgment down upon his enemies.

[109:1]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “do not be deaf.”

[19:4]  ¹¹ tn Heb “spoke good with respect to David.”

[19:4]  ¹² tn Heb “good.”

[19:5]  ¹³ tn Heb “and he put his life into his hand.”

[19:6]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “and Saul listened to the voice of Jonathan.”

[23:5]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “and struck them down with a great blow.”

[25:21]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “said.”

[18:20]  ¹⁷ tn Or “They are plotting to kill me”; Heb “They have dug a pit for my soul.” This is a common metaphor for plotting against someone. See BDB 500 s.v. כָּרָה Qal and for an example see Pss 7:16 (7:15 HT) in its context.

[18:20]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “to speak good concerning them” going back to the concept of “good” being paid back with evil.

[18:20]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “to turn back your anger from them.”

[18:20]  sn See Jer 14:7-9, 19-21 and 15:1-4 for the idea.