Mazmur 19:5

19:5 Like a bridegroom it emerges ¹  from its chamber; ² 

like a strong man it enjoys ³  running its course. ⁴ 

Mazmur 74:16

74:16 You established the cycle of day and night; ⁵ 

you put the moon ⁶  and sun in place. ⁷ 

Mazmur 104:20-23

104:20 You make it dark and night comes, ⁸ 

during which all the beasts of the forest prowl around.

104:21 The lions roar for prey,

seeking their food from God. ⁹ 

104:22 When the sun rises, they withdraw

and sleep ¹⁰  in their dens.

104:23 Men then go out to do their work,

and labor away until evening. ¹¹ 

Mazmur 136:8

136:8 the sun to rule by day,

for his loyal love endures,

Kejadian 8:22

8:22 “While the earth continues to exist, ¹² 

planting time ¹³  and harvest,

cold and heat,

summer and winter,

and day and night will not cease.”

Ulangan 4:19

4:19 When you look up ¹⁴  to the sky ¹⁵  and see the sun, moon, and stars – the whole heavenly creation ¹⁶  – you must not be seduced to worship and serve them, ¹⁷  for the Lord your God has assigned ¹⁸  them to all the people ¹⁹  of the world. ²⁰ 

Ayub 38:12

38:12 Have you ever in your life ²¹  commanded the morning,

or made the dawn know ²²  its place,

[19:5]  ¹ tn The participle expresses the repeated or regular nature of the action.

[19:5]  ² tn The Hebrew noun חֻפָּה (khufah, “chamber”) occurs elsewhere only in Isa 4:5 and Joel 2:16 (where it refers to the bedroom of a bride and groom).

[19:5]  sn Like a bridegroom. The metaphor likens the sun to a bridegroom who rejoices on his wedding night.

[19:5]  ³ tn The imperfect verbal form draws attention to the regularity of the action.

[19:5]  ⁴ tn Heb “[on] a path.”

[19:5]  sn Like a strong man. The metaphorical language reflects the brilliance of the sunrise, which attests to the sun’s vigor.

[74:16]  ⁵ tn Heb “To you [is] day, also to you [is] night.”

[74:16]  ⁶ tn Heb “[the] light.” Following the reference to “day and night” and in combination with “sun,” it is likely that the Hebrew term מָאוֹר (ma’or, “light”) refers here to the moon.

[74:16]  ⁷ tn Heb “you established [the] light and [the] sun.”

[104:20]  ⁸ tn Heb “you make darkness, so that it might be night.”

[104:21]  ⁹ sn The lions’ roaring is viewed as a request for food from God.

[104:22]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “lie down.”

[104:23]  ¹¹ tn Heb “man goes out to his work, and to his labor until evening.”

[8:22]  ¹² tn Heb “yet all the days of the earth.” The idea is “[while there are] yet all the days of the earth,” meaning, “as long as the earth exists.”

[8:22]  ¹³ tn Heb “seed,” which stands here by metonymy for the time when seed is planted.

[4:19]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “lest you lift up your eyes.” In the Hebrew text vv. 16-19 are subordinated to “Be careful” in v. 15, but this makes for an unduly long sentence in English.

[4:19]  ¹⁵ tn Or “heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heaven(s)” or “sky” depending on the context.

[4:19]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “all the host of heaven.”

[4:19]  ¹⁷ tn In the Hebrew text the verbal sequence in v. 19 is “lest you look up…and see…and be seduced…and worship them…and serve them.” However, the first two actions are not prohibited in and of themselves. The prohibition pertains to the final three actions. The first two verbs describe actions that are logically subordinate to the following actions and can be treated as temporal or circumstantial: “lest, looking up…and seeing…, you are seduced.” See Joüon 2:635 §168.h.

[4:19]  ¹⁸ tn Or “allotted.”

[4:19]  ¹⁹ tn Or “nations.”

[4:19]  ²⁰ tn Heb “under all the heaven.”

[4:19]  sn The OT views the heavenly host as God’s council, which surrounds his royal throne ready to do his bidding (see 1 Kgs 22:19). God has given this group, sometimes called the “sons of God” (cf. Job 1:6; 38:7; Ps 89:6), jurisdiction over the nations. See Deut 32:8 (LXX). Some also see this assembly as the addressee in Ps 82. While God delegated his council to rule over the nations, he established a theocratic government over Israel and ruled directly over his chosen people via the Mosaic covenant. See v. 20, as well as Deut 32:9.

[38:12]  ²¹ tn The Hebrew idiom is “have you from your days?” It means “never in your life” (see 1 Sam 25:28; 1 Kgs 1:6).

[38:12]  ²² tn The verb is the Piel of יָדַע (yada’, “to know”) with a double accusative.