Matius 27:12-14

27:12 But when he was accused by the chief priests and the elders, he did not respond. 27:13 Then Pilate said to him, “Don’t you hear how many charges they are bringing against you?” 27:14 But he did not answer even one accusation, so that the governor was quite amazed.

Markus 14:60

14:60 Then ¹  the high priest stood up before them ²  and asked Jesus, “Have you no answer? What is this that they are testifying against you?”

Lukas 23:9

23:9 So ³  Herod ⁴  questioned him at considerable length; Jesus ⁵  gave him no answer.

Yohanes 18:19-24

Jesus Questioned by Annas

18:19 While this was happening, ⁶  the high priest questioned Jesus about his disciples and about his teaching. ⁷  18:20 Jesus replied, ⁸  “I have spoken publicly to the world. I always taught in the synagogues ⁹  and in the temple courts, ¹⁰  where all the Jewish people ¹¹  assemble together. I ¹²  have said nothing in secret. 18:21 Why do you ask me? Ask those who heard what I said. ¹³  They ¹⁴  know what I said.” 18:22 When Jesus ¹⁵  had said this, one of the high priest’s officers who stood nearby struck him on the face and said, ¹⁶  “Is that the way you answer the high priest?” 18:23 Jesus replied, ¹⁷  “If I have said something wrong, ¹⁸  confirm ¹⁹  what is wrong. ²⁰  But if I spoke correctly, why strike me?” 18:24 Then Annas sent him, still tied up, ²¹  to Caiaphas the high priest. ²² 

Yohanes 19:9-11

19:9 and he went back into the governor’s residence ²³  and said to Jesus, “Where do you come from?” But Jesus gave him no answer. 19:10 So Pilate said, ²⁴  “Do you refuse to speak to me? Don’t you know I have the authority ²⁵  to release you, and to crucify you?” ²⁶  19:11 Jesus replied, “You would have no authority ²⁷  over me at all, unless it was given to you from above. Therefore the one who handed me over to you ²⁸  is guilty of greater sin.” ²⁹ 

[14:60]  ¹ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[14:60]  ² tn Grk “in the middle.”

[23:9]  ³ tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the previous statements in the narrative about Herod’s desire to see Jesus.

[23:9]  ⁴ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Herod) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[23:9]  ⁵ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[18:19]  ⁶ tn The introductory phrase “While this was happening” is not in the Greek text. It has been supplied in the translation to clarify the alternation of scenes in the narrative for the modern reader.

[18:19]  ⁷ sn The nature of this hearing seems to be more that of a preliminary investigation; certainly normal legal procedure was not followed, for no indication is given that any witnesses were brought forth at this point to testify against Jesus. True to what is known of Annas’ character, he was more interested in Jesus’ disciples than in the precise nature of Jesus’ teaching, since he inquired about the followers first. He really wanted to know just how influential Jesus had become and how large a following he had gathered. This was of more concern to Annas that the truth or falsity of Jesus’ teaching.

[18:20]  ⁸ tn Grk “Jesus answered him.”

[18:20]  ⁹ sn See the note on synagogue in 6:59.

[18:20]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “in the temple.”

[18:20]  ¹¹ tn Grk “the Jews.” Here the phrase refers to the Jewish people generally, for whom the synagogues and the temple courts in Jerusalem were important public gathering places. See also the note on the phrase “Jewish religious leaders” in v. 12.

[18:20]  ¹² tn Grk “And I.” The conjunction καί (kai, “and”) has not been translated here in keeping with the tendency of contemporary English style to use shorter sentences.

[18:21]  ¹³ tn Grk “Ask those who heard what I said to them.” The words “to them” are not translated since they are redundant in English.

[18:21]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “Look, these know what I said.”

[18:22]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[18:22]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “one of the high priest’s servants standing by gave Jesus a strike, saying.” For the translation of ῥάπισμα (rJapisma), see L&N 19.4.

[18:23]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “Jesus answered him.”

[18:23]  ¹⁸ tn Or “something incorrect.”

[18:23]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “testify.”

[18:23]  ²⁰ tn Or “incorrect.”

[18:24]  ²¹ tn Or “still bound.”

[18:24]  ²² sn Where was Caiaphas the high priest located? Did he have a separate palace, or was he somewhere else with the Sanhedrin? Since Augustine (4th century) a number of scholars have proposed that Annas and Caiaphas resided in different wings of the same palace, which were bound together by a common courtyard through which Jesus would have been led as he was taken from Annas to Caiaphas. This seems a reasonable explanation, although there is no conclusive evidence.

[19:9]  ²³ tn Grk “into the praetorium.”

[19:10]  ²⁴ tn Grk “said to him.” The words “to him” are not translated because they are unnecessary in contemporary English style.

[19:10]  ²⁵ tn Or “the power.”

[19:10]  ²⁶ tn Grk “know that I have the authority to release you and the authority to crucify you.” Repetition of “the authority” is unnecessarily redundant English style.

[19:10]  sn See the note on Crucify in 19:6.

[19:11]  ²⁷ tn Or “power.”

[19:11]  ²⁸ tn Or “who delivered me over to you.”

[19:11]  sn The one who handed me over to you appears to be a reference to Judas at first; yet Judas did not deliver Jesus up to Pilate, but to the Jewish authorities. The singular may be a reference to Caiaphas, who as high priest was representative of all the Jewish authorities, or it may be a generic singular referring to all the Jewish authorities directly. In either case the end result is more or less the same.

[19:11]  ²⁹ tn Grk “has the greater sin” (an idiom).

[19:11]  sn Because Pilate had no authority over Jesus except what had been given to him from God, the one who handed Jesus over to Pilate was guilty of greater sin. This does not absolve Pilate of guilt; it simply means his guilt was less than those who handed Jesus over to him, because he was not acting against Jesus out of deliberate hatred or calculated malice, like the Jewish religious authorities. These were thereby guilty of greater sin.