Lukas 6:4

6:4 how he entered the house of God, took ¹  and ate the sacred bread, ²  which is not lawful ³  for any to eat but the priests alone, and ⁴  gave it to his companions?” ⁵ 

Lukas 18:31

Another Prediction of Jesus’ Passion

18:31 Then ⁶  Jesus ⁷  took the twelve aside and said to them, “Look, we are going up to Jerusalem, ⁸  and everything that is written about the Son of Man by the prophets will be accomplished. ⁹ 

Lukas 20:1

The Authority of Jesus

20:1 Now one ¹⁰  day, as Jesus ¹¹  was teaching the people in the temple courts ¹²  and proclaiming ¹³  the gospel, the chief priests and the experts in the law ¹⁴  with the elders came up ¹⁵ 

Lukas 22:37

22:37 For I tell you that this scripture must be ¹⁶  fulfilled in me, ‘And he was counted with the transgressors.’ ¹⁷  For what is written about me is being fulfilled.” ¹⁸ 

[6:4]  ¹ tn Grk “and took.”

[6:4]  ² tn Grk “the bread of presentation.”

[6:4]  sn The sacred bread refers to the “bread of presentation,” “showbread,” or “bread of the Presence,” twelve loaves prepared weekly for the tabernacle and later, the temple. See Exod 25:30; 35:13; 39:36; Lev 24:5-9. Each loaf was made from 3 quarts (3.5 liters; Heb “two tenths of an ephah”) of fine flour. The loaves were placed on a table in the holy place of the tabernacle, on the north side opposite the lampstand (Exod 26:35). It was the duty of the priest each Sabbath to place fresh bread on the table; the loaves from the previous week were then given to Aaron and his descendants, who ate them in the holy place, because they were considered sacred (Lev 24:9). These were the loaves that David requested from Ahimelech for himself and his men (1 Sam 21:1-6; cf. also Matt 12:1-8; Mark 2:23-28).

[6:4]  ³ sn Jesus’ response to the charge that what his disciples were doing was not lawful is one of analogy: ‘If David did it for his troops in a time of need, then so can I with my disciples.’ Jesus is clear that on the surface there was a violation here. What is not as clear is whether he is arguing a “greater need” makes this permissible or that this was within the intention of the law all along.

[6:4]  ⁴ tc Most mss (א A D Θ Ë¹³ 33 Ï) read “also” here, but this looks like it is a reading made to agree with Mark 2:26. A better combination of witnesses (B L W Ψ Ë¹ lat sa) lacks the word “also.”

[6:4]  ⁵ tc The Western ms D adds here a full saying that reads, “On the same day, as he saw someone working on the Sabbath he said, ‘Man, if you know what you are doing, you are blessed, but if you do not know, you are cursed and a violator of the law.’” Though this is not well enough attested to be considered authentic, many commentators have debated whether this saying might go back to Jesus. Most reject it, though it does have wording that looks like Rom 2:25, 27 and Jas 2:11.

[6:4]  sn See 1 Sam 21:1-6.

[18:31]  ⁶ tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[18:31]  ⁷ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[18:31]  ⁸ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[18:31]  ⁹ tn Or “fulfilled.” Jesus goes to Jerusalem by divine plan as the scripture records (Luke 2:39; 12:50; 22:37; Acts 13:29). See Luke 9:22, 44.

[20:1]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “Now it happened that one.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated. Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.

[20:1]  ¹¹ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[20:1]  ¹² tn Grk “the temple.”

[20:1]  ¹³ tn Or “preaching.”

[20:1]  ¹⁴ tn Or “and the scribes.” See the note on the phrase “experts in the law” in 5:21.

[20:1]  ¹⁵ sn The chief priests and the experts in the law with the elders came up. The description is similar to Luke 19:47. The leaders are really watching Jesus at this point.

[22:37]  ¹⁶ sn This scripture must be fulfilled in me. The statement again reflects the divine necessity of God’s plan. See 4:43-44.

[22:37]  ¹⁷ tn Or “with the lawless.”

[22:37]  sn This is a quotation from Isa 53:12. It highlights a theme of Luke 22-23. Though completely innocent, Jesus dies as if he were a criminal.

[22:37]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “is having its fulfillment.”