Kisah Para Rasul 21:40

21:40 When the commanding officer ¹  had given him permission, ²  Paul stood ³  on the steps and gestured ⁴  to the people with his hand. When they had become silent, ⁵  he addressed ⁶  them in Aramaic, ⁷ 

Kisah Para Rasul 6:1

The Appointment of the First Seven Deacons

6:1 Now in those ⁸  days, when the disciples were growing in number, ⁹  a complaint arose on the part of the Greek-speaking Jews ¹⁰  against the native Hebraic Jews, ¹¹  because their widows ¹²  were being overlooked ¹³  in the daily distribution of food. ¹⁴ 

Kisah Para Rasul 26:14

26:14 When we had all fallen to the ground, I heard a voice saying to me in Aramaic, ¹⁵  ‘Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me? You are hurting yourself ¹⁶  by kicking against the goads.’ ¹⁷ 

[21:40]  ¹ tn The referent (the commanding officer) has been supplied here in the translation for clarity.

[21:40]  ² tn Grk “Giving him permission.” The participle ἐπιτρέψαντος (epitreyanto") has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[21:40]  ³ tn Grk “standing.” The participle ἑστώς (Jestws) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[21:40]  ⁴ tn Or “motioned.”

[21:40]  ⁵ tn γενομένης (genomenhs) has been taken temporally. BDAG 922 s.v. σιγή has “πολλῆς σιγῆς γενομένης when a great silence had fallen = when they had become silent Ac 21:40.”

[21:40]  ⁶ tn Or “spoke out to.” L&N 33.27 has “to address an audience, with possible emphasis upon loudness – ‘to address, to speak out to.’ πολλῆς δέ σιγῆς γενομένης προσεφώνησεν τῇ ᾿Εβραίδι διαλέκτῳ ‘when they were quiet, he addressed them in Hebrew’ Ac 21:40.”

[21:40]  ⁷ tn Grk “in the Hebrew dialect, saying.” This refers to the Aramaic spoken in Palestine in the 1st century (BDAG 270 s.v. ῾Εβραΐς). The participle λέγων (legwn) is redundant in English and has not been translated.

[6:1]  ⁸ tn Grk “these.” The translation uses “those” for stylistic reasons.

[6:1]  ⁹ tn Grk “were multiplying.”

[6:1]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “the Hellenists,” but this descriptive term is largely unknown to the modern English reader. The translation “Greek-speaking Jews” attempts to convey something of who these were, but it was more than a matter of language spoken; it involved a degree of adoption of Greek culture as well.

[6:1]  sn The Greek-speaking Jews were the Hellenists, Jews who to a greater or lesser extent had adopted Greek thought, customs, and lifestyle, as well as the Greek language. The city of Alexandria in Egypt was a focal point for them, but they were scattered throughout the Roman Empire.

[6:1]  ¹¹ tn Grk “against the Hebrews,” but as with “Hellenists” this needs further explanation for the modern reader.

[6:1]  ¹² sn The care of widows is a major biblical theme: Deut 10:18; 16:11, 14; 24:17, 19-21; 26:12-13; 27:19; Isa 1:17-23; Jer 7:6; Mal 3:5.

[6:1]  ¹³ tn Or “neglected.”

[6:1]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “in the daily serving.”

[6:1]  sn The daily distribution of food. The early church saw it as a responsibility to meet the basic needs of people in their group.

[26:14]  ¹⁵ tn Grk “in the Hebrew language.” See Acts 22:7 and 9:4.

[26:14]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “It is hard for you.”

[26:14]  ¹⁷ tn “Goads” are pointed sticks used to direct a draft animal (an idiom for stubborn resistance). See BDAG 539-40 s.v. κέντρον 2.

[26:14]  sn Sayings which contain the imagery used here (kicking against the goads) were also found in Greek writings; see Pindar, Pythians 2.94-96; Euripides, Bacchae 795.