Keluaran 9:4

9:4 But the Lord will distinguish ¹  between the livestock of Israel and the livestock of Egypt, and nothing ²  will die of all that the Israelites have.”’” ³ 

Keluaran 12:32

12:32 Also, take your flocks and your herds, just as you have requested, and leave. But bless me also.” ⁴ 

Keluaran 15:8

15:8 By the blast of your nostrils ⁵  the waters were piled up,

the flowing water stood upright like a heap, ⁶ 

and the deep waters were solidified in the heart of the sea.

Keluaran 22:21

22:21 “You must not wrong ⁷  a foreigner ⁸  nor oppress him, for you were foreigners in the land of Egypt.

Keluaran 23:13

23:13 “Pay attention to do ⁹  everything I have told you, and do not even mention ¹⁰  the names of other gods – do not let them be heard on your lips. ¹¹ 

[9:4]  ¹ tn The verb פָּלָה (palah) in Hiphil means “to set apart, make separate, make distinct.” See also Exod 8:22 (18 HT); 11:7; 33:16.

[9:4]  ² tn There is a wordplay in this section. A pestilence – דֶּבֶר (dever) – will fall on Egypt’s cattle, but no thing – דָּבָר (davar) – belonging to Israel would die. It was perhaps for this reason that the verb was changed in v. 1 from “say” to “speak” (דִּבֶּר, dibber). See U. Cassuto, Exodus, 111.

[9:4]  ³ tn The lamed preposition indicates possession: “all that was to the Israelites” means “all that the Israelites had.”

[12:32]  ⁴ tn The form is the Piel perfect with a vav (ו) consecutive (וּבֵרַכְתֶּם, uverakhtem); coming in the sequence of imperatives this perfect tense would be volitional – probably a request rather than a command.

[12:32]  sn Pharaoh probably meant that they should bless him also when they were sacrificing to Yahweh in their religious festival – after all, he might reason, he did let them go (after divine judgment). To bless him would mean to invoke good gifts from God for him.

[15:8]  ⁵ sn The phrase “the blast of your nostrils” is a bold anthropomorphic expression for the wind that came in and dried up the water.

[15:8]  ⁶ tn The word “heap” describes the walls of water. The waters, which are naturally fluid, stood up as though they were a heap, a mound of earth. Likewise, the flowing waters deep in the ocean solidified – as though they were turned to ice (U. Cassuto, Exodus, 175).

[22:21]  ⁷ tn Or “oppress.”

[22:21]  ⁸ tn Or “alien,” both here and in 23:9. This individual is a resident foreigner; he lives in the land but, aside from provisions such as this, might easily be without legal rights.

[23:13]  ⁹ tn The phrase “to do” is added; in Hebrew word order the line says, “In all that I have said to you you will watch yourselves.” The verb for paying attention is a Niphal imperfect with an imperatival force.

[23:13]  ¹⁰ tn Or “honor,” Hiphil of זָכַר (zakhar). See also Exod 20:25; Josh 23:7; Isa 26:13.

[23:13]  ¹¹ tn Heb “mouth.”

[23:13]  sn See also Ps 16:4, where David affirms his loyalty to God with this expression.