Keluaran 20:14

20:14 “You shall not commit adultery. ¹ 

Yakobus 2:11

2:11 For he who said, “Do not commit adultery,” ²  also said, “Do not murder.” ³  Now if you do not commit adultery but do commit murder, you have become a violator of the law.

Yakobus 2:2

2:2 For if someone ⁴  comes into your assembly ⁵  wearing a gold ring and fine clothing, and a poor person enters in filthy clothes,

1 Petrus 2:12-14

2:12 and maintain good conduct ⁶  among the non-Christians, ⁷  so that though ⁸  they now malign you as wrongdoers, they may see your good deeds and glorify God when he appears. ⁹ 

Submission to Authorities

2:13 Be subject to every human institution ¹⁰  for the Lord’s sake, whether to a king as supreme 2:14 or to governors as those he commissions ¹¹  to punish wrongdoers and praise ¹²  those who do good.

[20:14]  ¹ sn This is a sin against the marriage of a fellow citizen – it destroys the home. The Law distinguished between adultery (which had a death penalty) and sexual contact with a young woman (which carried a monetary fine and usually marriage if the father was willing). So it distinguished fornication and adultery. Both were sins, but the significance of each was different. In the ancient world this sin is often referred to as “the great sin.”

[2:11]  ² sn A quotation from Exod 20:14 and Deut 5:18.

[2:11]  ³ sn A quotation from Exod 20:13 and Deut 5:17.

[2:2]  ⁴ tn The word for “man” or “individual” here is ἀνήρ (anhr), which often means “male” or “man (as opposed to woman).” But as BDAG 79 s.v. 2 says, “equivalent to τὶς someone.”

[2:2]  ⁵ tn Grk “synagogue.” Usually συναγωγή refers to Jewish places of worship (e.g., Matt 4:23, Mark 1:21, Luke 4:15, John 6:59). The word can be used generally to refer to a place of assembly, and here it refers specifically to a Christian assembly (BDAG 963 s.v. 2.b.).

[2:12]  ⁶ tn Grk “keeping your conduct good.”

[2:12]  ⁷ tn Grk “the Gentiles,” used here of those who are not God’s people.

[2:12]  ⁸ tn Grk “in order that in what they malign you.”

[2:12]  ⁹ tn Or “when he visits.” Grk “in the day of visitation,” denoting a time when God intervenes directly in human affairs, either for blessing (Luke 1:68, 78; 7:16; 19:44) or for judgment (Isa 10:3; Jer 6:15). This phrase may be a quotation from Isa 10:3, in which case judgment is in view here. But blessing seems to be the point, since part of the motive for good behavior is winning the non-Christian over to the faith (as in 3:1; also apparently in 3:15; cf. Matt 5:16).

[2:13]  ¹⁰ tn Or “every human being”; Grk “every human creation,” denoting either everything created for mankind (NRSV mg: “every institution ordained for human beings”) or every creature who is human. The meaning of the verb “be subject” and the following context supports the rendering adopted in the text.

[2:14]  ¹¹ tn Grk “those sent by him.”

[2:14]  ¹² tn Grk “for the punishment…and the praise.”