Yesaya 30:1-6

Egypt Will Prove Unreliable

30:1 “The rebellious ¹  children are as good as dead,” ²  says the Lord,

“those who make plans without consulting me, ³ 

who form alliances without consulting my Spirit, ⁴ 

and thereby compound their sin. ⁵ 

30:2 They travel down to Egypt

without seeking my will, ⁶ 

seeking Pharaoh’s protection,

and looking for safety in Egypt’s protective shade. ⁷ 

30:3 But Pharaoh’s protection will bring you nothing but shame,

and the safety of Egypt’s protective shade nothing but humiliation.

30:4 Though his ⁸  officials are in Zoan

and his messengers arrive at Hanes, ⁹ 

30:5 all will be put to shame ¹⁰ 

because of a nation that cannot help them,

who cannot give them aid or help,

but only shame and disgrace.”

30:6 This is a message ¹¹  about the animals in the Negev:

Through a land of distress and danger,

inhabited by lionesses and roaring lions, ¹² 

by snakes and darting adders, ¹³ 

they transport ¹⁴  their wealth on the backs of donkeys,

their riches on the humps of camels,

to a nation that cannot help them. ¹⁵ 

Yesaya 31:1-3

Egypt Will Disappoint

31:1 Those who go down to Egypt for help are as good as dead, ¹⁶ 

those who rely on war horses,

and trust in Egypt’s many chariots ¹⁷ 

and in their many, many horsemen. ¹⁸ 

But they do not rely on the Holy One of Israel ¹⁹ 

and do not seek help from the Lord.

31:2 Yet he too is wise ²⁰  and he will bring disaster;

he does not retract his decree. ²¹ 

He will attack the wicked nation, ²² 

and the nation that helps ²³  those who commit sin. ²⁴ 

31:3 The Egyptians are mere humans, not God;

their horses are made of flesh, not spirit.

The Lord will strike with ²⁵  his hand;

the one who helps will stumble

and the one being helped will fall.

Together they will perish. ²⁶ 

Yesaya 31:2

31:2 Yet he too is wise ²⁷  and he will bring disaster;

he does not retract his decree. ²⁸ 

He will attack the wicked nation, ²⁹ 

and the nation that helps ³⁰  those who commit sin. ³¹ 

Kisah Para Rasul 16:7-11

16:7 When they came to ³²  Mysia, ³³  they attempted to go into Bithynia, ³⁴  but the Spirit of Jesus did not allow ³⁵  them to do this, ³⁶  16:8 so they passed through ³⁷  Mysia ³⁸  and went down to Troas. ³⁹  16:9 A ⁴⁰  vision appeared to Paul during the night: A Macedonian man was standing there ⁴¹  urging him, ⁴²  “Come over ⁴³  to Macedonia ⁴⁴  and help us!” 16:10 After Paul ⁴⁵  saw the vision, we attempted ⁴⁶  immediately to go over to Macedonia, ⁴⁷  concluding that God had called ⁴⁸  us to proclaim the good news to them.

Arrival at Philippi

16:11 We put out to sea ⁴⁹  from Troas ⁵⁰  and sailed a straight course ⁵¹  to Samothrace, ⁵²  the next day to Neapolis, ⁵³ 

Yehezkiel 16:33

16:33 All prostitutes receive payment, ⁵⁴  but instead you give gifts to every one of your lovers. You bribe them to come to you from all around for your sexual favors!

Yehezkiel 23:16

23:16 When she saw them, ⁵⁵  she lusted after them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea. ⁵⁶ 

Hosea 7:11

Israel Turns to Assyria and Egypt for Help

7:11 Ephraim has been like a dove,

easily deceived and lacking discernment.

They called to Egypt for help;

they turned to Assyria for protection.

Hosea 12:1

12:1 Ephraim continually feeds on the wind;

he chases the east wind all day;

he multiplies lies and violence.

They make treaties ⁵⁷  with Assyria,

and send olive oil as tribute ⁵⁸  to Egypt.

[30:1]  ¹ tn Or “stubborn” (NCV); cf. NIV “obstinate.”

[30:1]  ² tn Heb “Woe [to] rebellious children.”

[30:1]  ³ tn Heb “making a plan, but not from me.”

[30:1]  ⁴ tn Heb “and pouring out a libation, but not [from] my spirit.” This translation assumes that the verb נָסַךְ (nasakh) means “pour out,” and that the cognate noun מַסֵּכָה (massekhah) means “libation.” In this case “pouring out a libation” alludes to a ceremony that formally ratifies an alliance. Another option is to understand the verb נָסַךְ as a homonym meaning “weave,” and the cognate noun מַסֵּכָה as a homonym meaning “covering.” In this case forming an alliance is likened to weaving a garment.

[30:1]  ⁵ tn Heb “consequently adding sin to sin.”

[30:2]  ⁶ tn Heb “those who go to descend to Egypt, but [of] my mouth they do not inquire.”

[30:2]  ⁷ tn Heb “to seek protection in the protection of Pharaoh, and to seek refuge in the shade of Egypt.”

[30:4]  ⁸ sn This probably refers to Judah’s officials and messengers.

[30:4]  ⁹ sn Zoan was located in the Egyptian delta in the north; Hanes was located somewhere in southern region of lower Egypt, south of Memphis; the exact location is debated.

[30:5]  ¹⁰ tn The present translation follows the marginal (Qere) reading of the Hebrew text; the consonantal text (Kethib) has “made to stink, decay.”

[30:6]  ¹¹ tn Traditionally, “burden” (so KJV, ASV); NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV “oracle.”

[30:6]  ¹² tc Heb “[a land of] a lioness and a lion, from them.” Some emend מֵהֶם (mehem, “from them”) to מֵהֵם (mehem), an otherwise unattested Hiphil participle from הָמַם (hamam, “move noisily”). Perhaps it would be better to take the initial mem (מ) as enclitic and emend the form to הֹמֶה (homeh), a Qal active participle from הָמָה (hamah, “to make a noise”); cf. J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:542, n. 9.

[30:6]  ¹³ tn Heb “flying fiery one.” See the note at 14:29.

[30:6]  ¹⁴ tn Or “carry” (KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV).

[30:6]  ¹⁵ sn This verse describes messengers from Judah transporting wealth to Egypt in order to buy Pharaoh’s protection through a treaty.

[31:1]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “Woe [to] those who go down to Egypt for help.”

[31:1]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “and trust in chariots for they are many.”

[31:1]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “and in horsemen for they are very strong [or “numerous”].”

[31:1]  ¹⁹ sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.

[31:2]  ²⁰ sn This statement appears to have a sarcastic tone. The royal advisers who are advocating an alliance with Egypt think they are wise, but the Lord possesses wisdom as well and will thwart their efforts.

[31:2]  ²¹ tn Heb “and he does not turn aside [i.e., “retract”] his words”; NIV “does not take back his words.”

[31:2]  ²² tn Heb “and he will arise against the house of the wicked.”

[31:2]  ²³ sn That is, Egypt.

[31:2]  ²⁴ tn Heb “and against the help of the doers of sin.”

[31:3]  ²⁵ tn Heb “will extend”; KJV, ASV, NASB, NCV “stretch out.”

[31:3]  ²⁶ tn Heb “together all of them will come to an end.”

[31:2]  ²⁷ sn This statement appears to have a sarcastic tone. The royal advisers who are advocating an alliance with Egypt think they are wise, but the Lord possesses wisdom as well and will thwart their efforts.

[31:2]  ²⁸ tn Heb “and he does not turn aside [i.e., “retract”] his words”; NIV “does not take back his words.”

[31:2]  ²⁹ tn Heb “and he will arise against the house of the wicked.”

[31:2]  ³⁰ sn That is, Egypt.

[31:2]  ³¹ tn Heb “and against the help of the doers of sin.”

[16:7]  ³² tn BDAG 511 s.v. κατά B.1.b has “to Mysia” here.

[16:7]  ³³ sn Mysia was a province in northwest Asia Minor.

[16:7]  ³⁴ sn Bithynia was a province in northern Asia Minor northeast of Mysia.

[16:7]  ³⁵ tn Or “permit”; see BDAG 269 s.v. ἐάω 1.

[16:7]  ³⁶ tn The words “do this” are not in the Greek text, but are supplied for stylistic reasons, since English handles ellipses differently than Greek.

[16:8]  ³⁷ tn Although the normal meaning for παρέρχομαι (parercomai) is “pass by, go by,” it would be difficult to get to Troas from where Paul and his companions were without going through rather than around Mysia. BDAG 776 s.v. παρέρχομαι 6 list some nonbiblical examples of the meaning “go through, pass through,” and give that meaning for the usage here.

[16:8]  ³⁸ sn Mysia was a province in northwest Asia Minor.

[16:8]  ³⁹ sn Troas was a port city (and surrounding region) on the northwest coast of Asia Minor, near ancient Troy.

[16:9]  ⁴⁰ tn Grk “And a.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[16:9]  ⁴¹ tn The word “there” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.

[16:9]  ⁴² tn The participle λέγων (legwn) is redundant and has not been translated.

[16:9]  ⁴³ tn Grk “Coming over.” The participle διαβάς (diabas) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[16:9]  ⁴⁴ sn Macedonia was the Roman province of Macedonia in Greece.

[16:10]  ⁴⁵ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[16:10]  ⁴⁶ tn Grk “sought.”

[16:10]  ⁴⁷ sn Macedonia was the Roman province of Macedonia in Greece.

[16:10]  ⁴⁸ tn Or “summoned.”

[16:11]  ⁴⁹ tn BDAG 62 s.v. ἀνάγω 4, “as a nautical t.t. (ἀ. τὴν ναῦν put a ship to sea), mid. or pass. ἀνάγεσθαι to begin to go by boat, put out to sea.”

[16:11]  ⁵⁰ sn Troas was a port city (and surrounding region) on the northwest coast of Asia Minor. See v. 8.

[16:11]  ⁵¹ tn BDAG 406 s.v. εὐθυδρομέω has “of a ship run a straight course” here; L&N 54.3 has “to sail a straight course, sail straight to.”

[16:11]  ⁵² sn Samothrace is an island in the northern part of the Aegean Sea.

[16:11]  ⁵³ sn Neapolis was a seaport on the southern coast of Macedonia. It was 10 mi (16 km) from Philippi.

[16:33]  ⁵⁴ tn The Hebrew word occurs only here in the OT.

[23:16]  ⁵⁵ tn Heb “at the appearance of her eyes.”

[23:16]  ⁵⁶ sn The Chaldeans were prominent tribal groups of Babylonia. The imagery is reminiscent of events in the reigns of Hezekiah (2 Kgs 20:12-15) and Jehoiakim (2 Kgs 23:34-24:1).

[12:1]  ⁵⁷ tn Heb “a treaty” (so NIV, NRSV); KJV, NASB “a covenant”; NAB “comes to terms.”

[12:1]  ⁵⁸ tn The phrase “as tribute” does not appear in the Hebrew text, but is supplied in the translation for clarity. Cf. NCV “send a gift of olive oil.”