Kejadian 42:15-16

42:15 You will be tested in this way: As surely as Pharaoh lives, ¹  you will not depart from this place unless your youngest brother comes here. 42:16 One of you must go and get ²  your brother, while ³  the rest of you remain in prison. ⁴  In this way your words may be tested to see if ⁵  you are telling the truth. ⁶  If not, then, as surely as Pharaoh lives, you are spies!”

Kejadian 42:20

42:20 But you must bring ⁷  your youngest brother to me. Then ⁸  your words will be verified ⁹  and you will not die.” They did as he said. ¹⁰ 

Kejadian 43:32

43:32 They set a place for him, a separate place for his brothers, ¹¹  and another for the Egyptians who were eating with him. (The Egyptians are not able to eat with Hebrews, for the Egyptians think it is disgusting ¹²  to do so.) ¹³ 

Ulangan 8:2

8:2 Remember the whole way by which he ¹⁴  has brought you these forty years through the desert ¹⁵  so that he might, by humbling you, test you to see if you have it within you to keep his commandments or not.

Ulangan 8:16

8:16 fed you in the desert with manna (which your ancestors had never before known) so that he might by humbling you test you ¹⁶  and eventually bring good to you.

Ulangan 13:3

13:3 You must not listen to the words of that prophet or dreamer, ¹⁷  for the Lord your God will be testing you to see if you love him ¹⁸  with all your mind and being. ¹⁹ 

Matius 10:16

Persecution of Disciples

10:16 “I ²⁰  am sending you out like sheep surrounded by wolves, ²¹  so be wise as serpents and innocent as doves.

Matius 10:2

10:2 Now these are the names of the twelve apostles: ²²  first, Simon ²³  (called Peter), and Andrew his brother; James son of Zebedee and John his brother;

Kolose 1:8

1:8 who also told us of your love in the Spirit.

[42:15]  ¹ tn Heb “[By] the life of Pharaoh.”

[42:15]  sn As surely as Pharaoh lives. Joseph uses an oath formula to let the brothers know the certainty of what he said. There is some discussion in the commentaries on swearing by the life of Pharaoh, but since the formulation here reflects the Hebrew practice, it would be hard to connect the ideas exactly to Egyptian practices. Joseph did this to make the point in a way that his Hebrew brothers would understand. See M. R. Lehmann, “Biblical Oaths,” ZAW 81 (1969): 74-92.

[42:16]  ² tn Heb “send from you one and let him take.” After the imperative, the prefixed verbal form with prefixed vav (ו) indicates purpose.

[42:16]  ³ tn The disjunctive clause is here circumstantial-temporal.

[42:16]  ⁴ tn Heb “bound.”

[42:16]  ⁵ tn The words “to see” have been supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[42:16]  ⁶ tn Heb “the truth [is] with you.”

[42:20]  ⁷ tn The imperfect here has an injunctive force.

[42:20]  ⁸ tn After the injunctive imperfect, this imperfect with vav indicates purpose or result.

[42:20]  ⁹ tn The Niphal form of the verb has the sense of “to be faithful; to be sure; to be reliable.” Joseph will test his brothers to see if their words are true.

[42:20]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “and they did so.”

[43:32]  ¹¹ tn Heb “them”; the referent (Joseph’s brothers) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[43:32]  ¹² tn Or “disgraceful.” The Hebrew word תּוֹעֵבָה (to’evah, “abomination”) describes something that is loathsome or off-limits. For other practices the Egyptians considered disgusting, see Gen 46:34 and Exod 8:22.

[43:32]  ¹³ tn Heb “and they set for him by himself, and for them by themselves, and for the Egyptians who were eating with him by themselves, for the Egyptians are not able to eat food with the Hebrews, for it is an abomination for the Egyptians.” The imperfect verbal form in the explanatory clause is taken as habitual in force, indicating a practice that was still in effect in the narrator’s time.

[43:32]  sn That the Egyptians found eating with foreigners disgusting is well-attested in extra-biblical literature by writers like Herodotus, Diodorus, and Strabo.

[8:2]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons.

[8:2]  ¹⁵ tn Or “wilderness” (so KJV, NRSV, NLT); likewise in v. 15.

[8:16]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “in order to humble you and in order to test you.” See 8:2.

[13:3]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “or dreamer of dreams.” See note on this expression in v. 1.

[13:3]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.

[13:3]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “all your heart and soul” (so NRSV, CEV, NLT); or “heart and being” (NCV “your whole being”). See note on the word “being” in Deut 6:5.

[10:16]  ²⁰ tn Grk “Behold I.” The Greek word ἰδού (idou) has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).

[10:16]  ²¹ sn This imagery of wolves is found in intertestamental Judaism; see Pss. Sol. 8:23, 30.

[10:2]  ²² sn The term apostles is rare in the gospels, found only here, Mark 3:14, and six more times in Luke (6:13; 9:10; 11:49; 17:5; 22:14; 24:10).

[10:2]  ²³ sn In the various lists of the twelve, Simon (that is, Peter) is always mentioned first (see also Mark 3:16-19; Luke 6:13-16; Acts 1:13) and the first four are always the same, though not in the same order after Peter.