Daniel 2:21

2:21 He changes times and seasons,

deposing some kings

and establishing others. ¹ 

He gives wisdom to the wise;

he imparts knowledge to those with understanding; ² 

Daniel 4:37

4:37 Now I, Nebuchadnezzar, praise and exalt and glorify the King of heaven, for all his deeds are right and his ways are just. He is able to bring down those who live ³  in pride.

Daniel 6:27

6:27 He rescues and delivers

and performs signs and wonders

in the heavens and on the earth.

He has rescued Daniel from the power ⁴  of the lions!”

Daniel 7:13

7:13 I was watching in the night visions,

“And with ⁵  the clouds of the sky ⁶ 

one like a son of man ⁷  was approaching.

He went up to the Ancient of Days

and was escorted ⁸  before him.

Daniel 11:5

11:5 “Then the king of the south ⁹  and one of his subordinates ¹⁰  will grow strong. His subordinate ¹¹  will resist ¹²  him and will rule a kingdom greater than his. ¹³ 

Daniel 11:12

11:12 When the army is taken away, the king of the south will become arrogant. ¹⁴  He will be responsible for the death ¹⁵  of thousands and thousands of people, ¹⁶  but he will not continue to prevail.

Daniel 11:21

11:21 “Then there will arise in his place a despicable person ¹⁷  to whom the royal honor has not been rightfully conferred. He will come on the scene in a time of prosperity and will seize the kingdom through deceit.

Daniel 11:28

11:28 Then the king of the north ¹⁸  will return to his own land with much property. His mind will be set against the holy covenant. He will take action, and then return to his own land.

Daniel 11:32

11:32 Then with smooth words he will defile ¹⁹  those who have rejected ²⁰  the covenant. But the people who are loyal to ²¹  their God will act valiantly. ²² 

Daniel 11:44

11:44 But reports will trouble him from the east and north, and he will set out in a tremendous rage to destroy and wipe out many.

[2:21]  ¹ tn Aram “kings.”

[2:21]  ² tn Aram “the knowers of understanding.”

[4:37]  ³ tn Aram “walk.”

[6:27]  ⁴ tn Aram “hand.”

[7:13]  ⁵ tc The LXX has ἐπί (epi, “upon”) here (cf. Matt 24:30; 26:64). Theodotion has μετά (meta, “with”) here (cf. Mark 14:62; Rev 1:7).

[7:13]  ⁶ tn Or “the heavens.” The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.

[7:13]  ⁷ sn This text is probably the main OT background for Jesus’ use of the term “son of man.” In both Jewish and Christian circles the reference in the book of Daniel has traditionally been understood to refer to an individual, usually in a messianic sense. Many modern scholars, however, understand the reference to have a corporate identity. In this view, the “son of man” is to be equated with the “holy ones” (vv. 18, 21, 22, 25) or the “people of the holy ones” (v. 27) and understood as a reference to the Jewish people. Others understand Daniel’s reference to be to the angel Michael.

[7:13]  ⁸ tn Aram “they brought him near.”

[11:5]  ⁹ sn The king of the south is Ptolemy I Soter (ca. 323-285 B.C.). The following reference to one of his subordinates apparently has in view Seleucus I Nicator (ca. 311-280 B.C.). Throughout the remainder of chap. 11 the expressions “king of the south” and “king of the north” repeatedly occur. It is clear, however, that these terms are being used generically to describe the Ptolemaic king (i.e., “of the south”) or the Seleucid king (i.e., “of the north”) who happens to be in power at any particular time. The specific identity of these kings can be established more or less successfully by a comparison of this chapter with the available extra-biblical records that discuss the history of the intertestamental period. In the following notes the generally accepted identifications are briefly mentioned.

[11:5]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “princes.”

[11:5]  ¹¹ tn Heb “and he”; the referent (the subordinate prince mentioned in the previous clause) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[11:5]  ¹² tn Heb “be strong against.”

[11:5]  ¹³ tn Heb “greater than his kingdom.”

[11:12]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “his heart will be lifted up.” The referent (the king of the south) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[11:12]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “cause to fall.”

[11:12]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “of myriads.”

[11:21]  ¹⁷ sn This despicable person to whom the royal honor has not been rightfully conferred is Antiochus IV Epiphanes (ca. 175-164 B.C.).

[11:28]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king of the north) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[11:32]  ¹⁹ tn Or “corrupt.”

[11:32]  ²⁰ tn Heb “acted wickedly toward.”

[11:32]  ²¹ tn Heb “know.” The term “know” sometimes means “to recognize.” In relational contexts it can have the connotation “recognize the authority of, be loyal to,” as it does here.

[11:32]  ²² sn This is an allusion to the Maccabean revolt, which struggled to bring about Jewish independence in the second century B.C.